Acids and Synthetic Reagents

<p>Applications 6-[[3-[(1S)-2-Methoxy-1-methylethoxy]-5-[(1S)-1-methyl-2-phenylethoxy]benzoyl]amino]-3-pyridinecarboxylic Acid, is one of the glucokinase activator derivatives. GKAs activate GK via binding to an allosteric site of the enzyme. They increase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and decrease blood glucose levels. Also, glucokinase activator GKA50 is shown to be able to promote proliferation by increasing the cell volume and thus, preventing apoptosis in rat pancreatic insulinoma-1 beta cell.<br>References Wei, P., et al.: Diabetologia, 52, 2142 (2009); McGlasson, L., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endo., 342, 48, (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Vitamin D3 (V676045) analog.<br>References Roy, A., et al.: Steroids, 60, 530 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications (1,​5-​Cyclooctadiene)​(hexafluoroacetylace​tonato)​iridium(I) is a catalyst used in hydrogenation reactions in organic synthesis.<br>References Maj, A. et al.: Tetrahedron, 72, 1375 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl 4-Acetylbenzoate is used in the preparation of trisubstituted pyrazoles as novel hepatitis C virus entry inhibitors.<br>References Hwang, J.Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 6467 (2013); Simmonds, P., et al.: Hepatology, 42, 962 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Piperonylamine is a metabolite of dopamine analogs.<br>References Goodwin, B.L., et al.: Xenobiotica, 24, 129 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications Doramapimod is a highly potent inhibitor of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Doramapimod is a potential agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Doramapimod blocks baseline and bortezomib-triggered upregulation of p38 MAPK and Hsp27 phosphorylation leading to enhanced cytotoxicity and caspase activation.<br>References Pargellis, C. et al.: Nat. Struct. Biol., 9, 268 (2002,); Kuma, Y. et al.: J. Biol. CHem., 280, 19472 (2005); Yasui, H. et al.: Br. J. Haematol., 136, 414 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Aluminum Bromide, is used as a catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction, and also for bromination and isomerization in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. (2001); Renfew, M. M., et al.: J. Chem. Educate. 68 (9, (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications tert-Butyl Methylcarbamate is an substituent in the synthetic preparation of PF-06463922, a macrocyclic inhibitor of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase (ALK) and c-ros Oncogene 1 (ROS1).<br>References Johnson, T. W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 57, 4720 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications MDL 29951 is an allosteric inhibitor of the enzyme fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase.<br>References Wright, S., et. al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 13, 2055 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of enantiopure (α-cyanoalkyl)(tetrahydropyrido[4,3-b]indolecarbonyl)cyclohexanecarboxamides and its analogs as selective cathepsin K inhibitors for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Also used as a reagent in the synthesis of novel cyclopentanedicarboxamide sodium channel blockers as a potential treatment for chronic pain.<br>References Dossetter, A.G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 6363 (2012); Shao, P.P., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 1901 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications [4,​4'-​Bis(tert-butyl)​-​2,​2'-​bipyridine]​bis[3,​5-​difluoro-​2-​[5-​(trifluoromethyl)​-​2-​pyridinyl]​phenyl]​iridium(III) hexafluorophosphate is commonly used as a catalyst in the synthesis of various compounds such as saturated N-​heterocycles from aldehydes, fosmidomycin analogue, and many more.<br>References Jindakun, C., et al.: Org. Lett. 20, 2071-75 (2018); Guo, T., et al.: Adv. Synth. Catal., 360, 1352-57 (2018); Abbas, S.Y., et al.: Org. Lett., 20, 868-71 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications [1,3-Bis(2,4,6-trimethylphenyl)-2-imidazolidinylidene] Dichloro(o-isopropoxyphenylmethylene)ruthenium is a cross-metathesis catalyst used for installation of S-allylcysteine in proteins for enabling olefin metathesis on proteins.<br>References Lin, Y.A., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 16805 (2010); Chalker, J.M., et al.: Chem. Comm., no vol., 3714 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications (+)-Biotinyl 3,6,9-Trioxaundecanediamine is a biotin derivative and is used as a reagent in the synthesis of a potent, covalent BTK inhibitor for B-cell lymphoma.<br>References Wu, H., et al.: ACS Chem. Biol., 9, 1086 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications (Ethoxycarbonylmethyl)triphenylphosphonium-13C2 bromide is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone-13C5, which is an isotope labelled Mutagen X (MX) is a chlorinated furanone that accounts for more of the mutagenic activity of drinking water than any other disinfection byproduct. DNA damages provoked by the six mutagens (furylframide, MX, 4-nitroquinoline N-oxide, sodium azide, 1-nitropyrene, and captan) used in the present study have been known to subject to the nucleotide excision repair system.<br>References Hakulinen, P., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 151, 439 (2004), Richardson, S., et al.: Mutat. Res., 636, 178 (2007), Kim, J., et al.: Environ. Toxicol., 23, 319 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Fluoro-4-methoxybenzaldehyde is a useful reagent in the synthesis of resveratrol derivatives as potent inhibitors of lysine specific demethylase 1 (LSD1), a therapeutic target for cancer treatment and other related diseases. Also a reagent for the synthesis of substituted pyrazolyl piperidine derivatives as antiplatelet agents with antiplatelet aggregation activity in the human body.<br>References Duan, Y., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 126, 246 (2017); Soni, J. Y., et al.: J. Heterocyclic Chem., 54, 1279 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications A tyrosine kinase inhibitor; it is used to prepare formulation for treating primary or secondary cancer.<br>References Veronese, M., et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 92, 1846 (2005), Hofheinz, R., et al.: Onkologie, 29, 563 (2006), Meyerhardt, J., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 24, 1892 (2006), Hanauske, A., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 13, 523 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tri-tert-butyl 1,4,7,10-Tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7-triacetate with amide ligands bearing positively charged terbium complexes are used for sensitive detection of NADPH-dependent enzyme activities.<br>References Ito, H., et al.: Chem. Commun., 51, 8319-8322 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Indium element is used in the synthesis of therapeutic particles containing metal ions; characterized by the use of unique ligand sets capable of making the metal ion complex soluble in biolgical media to induce selective toxicity in diseased cells.<br>References Dagher, Z., et al.: Toxicology, 225, 12 (2006), Yoshida, T., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 33, 780 (2010), Danielsen, P., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxico.,l 2011, 24, 168 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromo-3-methyl-2-butene is used to prepare xanthine dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors for treatment of type 2 diabetes. It can also be used to synthesize natural and non-natural prenylated chalcones with antitumor, antioxidant activities.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eckhardt, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 50, 6450 (2007); Vogel, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 16, 4286 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxypyrimidine Hydrochloride, is used as a reagent in the synthesis of BI 207524, an indole diamide NS5B thumb pocket 1 inhibitor with improved potency for potential treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection.<br>References Beaulieu, P.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 57, 10130 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Adamantanamine Hydrochloride (cas# 10523-68-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Potent inhibitor of heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90). 17-AAG is a less toxic analog than Geldanamycin. It induces apoptosis and displays antitumor effects. 17-AAG inhibits the activity of oncogenic proteins such as N-ras, Ki-ras, c-Akt, and p185erB2.<br>References Schnur, R.C., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 3806 (1995), Nimmanapalli, R., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 1799 (2001), Basso, A.D., et al.: Oncogene, 21, 1159 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Acetic Acid is used for analysis and profiling of biological samples resolved through NMR spectroscopy. It helps with the labelling of RNA for high resolution NMR.<br>References Cahoreau, E. et al.: Anal. Bio., 427, 158 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Lanthanum(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate is a catalyst that is used for the trans-esterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil with methanol and higher alcohols. Studies on rats and mice showed that Lanthanum(III) Trifluoromethanesulfonate is a moderately hazardous substance causing slight irritation of the skin and that the maximum permitted concentration in the workplace is 2.0 mg/m3.<br>References Daniel, L., et al.: J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc., 91, 325 (2014); Zhurba, O.M., et al.: Toksikologicheskii Vestnik, no vol., 20 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications (3R,5R)-Atorvastatin Sodium Salt is an Atorvastatin impurity in bulk drug and tablets.<br>References Posvar, E., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 36, 728 (1996), Lea, A., et al.: Drugs, 53, 828 (1997), Miao, X., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 998, 133 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(4-Boc-piperazine-1-carbonyl)phenylboronic acid pinacol ester<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic Acid Methyl Ester is an ester derivative of a bromoalkylated benzoic acid. 4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic Acid Methyl Ester is used in the preparation of potential anti-HIV agents. It is also used as a catalyst for rearrangement of benzylthiothiazoline derivatives in the preparation aldose reductase inhibitors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cushman, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 833 (1998); Nagao, Y. et al.: Chem. Pharmac. Bull., 36, 509 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sodium Metasilicate is an antibacterial pharmaceutical compound containing Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate.<br>References Karaagac, M., et al.: Turk. Pat. Appl., (2017);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ethoxyamine Hydrochloride acts as a reagent in the preparation of biflorin derivatives (hydrazones, oximes, terpene ketones) and determination of their activity as antibacterial and anticancer agents.<br>References Souza, L. G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 26, 435 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(Di-tert-butylphosphino)-1,1'-binaphthyl 98% TrixiePhos is a reagent used as ligand in palladium-catalyzed C-O, C-N, and C-C bond forming reactions.<br>References Tsvelikhovsky, D., et al.; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 132, 14048 (2010); Eidamshaus, C., et al.: e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 1 (2014); Tsvelikhovsky, D., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 134, 16917 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl Diethylmalonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Barbital (B118500), a prototype of the barbiturate hypnotics.<br>References Kholod, Y., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 9208 (2009); Yu, J., et al.: Pharm. Res., 27, 457 (2010); Fourches, D., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 171 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications A non-selective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been effective in reducing atherosclerosis in mice by reducing inflammation. It becomes active after metabolism in the body and inhibits the activation of cyclooxygenase.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Masahide H. et al.: J Clin Biochem Nutr., 47, 138 (2010); Noguchi, M. et al.: Biolog. Pharmac. Bull., 28, 2075 (2005); Hyun, J. et al.: Arch. Pharm. Res., 24, 541 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Trifluoromethanesulfonic Acid Magnesium Salt is a strong acid that is used as a catalyst for esterification.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Howells, R. D., et al.: Chemical Rev., 77, 69 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromomethyl Methyl Ether acts as a reagent in the synthesis and evaluation of hydroxymethyl-aminocyclitols as glycosidase inhibitors, preparation of pyridine derivatives for minimizing CYP2C9 inhibition for cancer therapy. Also a reagent in the discovery of GBT 440, an orally bioavailable R state stabilizer of sickle cell Hb.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Trapero, A., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 80, 3512 (2015); Zak, M., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 59, 8345 (2016); Metcalf, B.; et al.: ACS Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 321 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications β-Naphthylcarbinol is an intermediate in the synthesis of 2-Naphthylcarbapenem derivatives with broad spectrum antibiotics with enhanced potency against MRSA.<br>References Martikainen, L.E., et al.: Euro. J. Pharma. Sci., 47, 996 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Tolylhydrazine Monohydrochloride has shown tumorigenic potential through studies. In addition, due to its hydrazine moiety, it has anti-cancer potential and is a compound from which derivatives are made in the search of novel anticancer drugs.<br>References Gohil, V. et al.: Ind. J. Exp. Biol., 48, 265 (2010); Toth, B. et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 8, 1 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4,6-Di-tert-butyl-1,2-benzoquinone is a Ortho-Quinone derivative is know to possess a number of biological properties such as antitumoral, antimicrobacterial and anti-cardiovascular disease.<br>References Singh, R., et al.: Res. J. Med. Plant., 6, 123 (2012); Sygmund. C., et al.: Microbiol., 157, 3203 (2011); Vidal, J.C., et al.: Electroanal., 20, 865 (2008); Kaizer, J., et al.: Food. Chem., 93, 425 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-nitrophenol is a potentially powerful uncoupler of ATP-generating oxidative phosphorylation that has been reported to be a contaminant in submarines and indoor spaces, causing a number of objects to turn yellow (even human skin).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ball, J., et al.: Science, 272, 101 (1996); Rivera-Nevares, J., et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 14, 251 (1995); Rothweiler, H., et al.: Atm. Env. B: Urb. Atm., 25, 231 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methyl-D-tryptophan is used in biological studies to determine the effect of IDO2 enzyme (indoleamine-(2,3)-dioxygenase) activity and IDO2-mediated arrest of human T cell proliferation. It reverses IDO-mediated immune suppression<br>References Qian, F., et al.: Cancer Immunology Immunothrapy, 61, 2013 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Guanadine thiocyanate is a strong protein denaturant. It is used as a chaotropic agent for the isolation of intact RNA during the process of cell lysis. It shows strong irreversible inhibition on enveloped viruses. It is a key chemical used to isolate the virus’ genetic material, or RNA so that it can be tested.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Dacomitinib is an Erb-inhibitor, or an inhibitor of the members of the epidermal growth factor receptor family. Used as an ant-cancer agent due to observation of over-expressed epidermal growth factor receptor in nearly all cases of squamous cell carcinoma in the head and neck.<br>References Williams, J. et al.: PLoS., 9, e98557 (2014); Peters, S. et al.: Canc. Treatment Rev., 40, 917 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Iron(II) Fumarate is a a chemical used in the treatment of iron deficiency. More commonly used for this treatment is Ferrous Sulfate however Iron(II) Fumarate does maintain similar absorption profiles.<br>References Harrington, M. et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 65, 20 (2011); Takasawa, K. et al.: Nutrients, 7, 103 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications LY 2874455 is a pan-FGFR inhibitor which remain the focus of research for use in lung and bladder cancers.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gozgit, J. et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 11, 690 (2012); Zhao, G. et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 10, 2200 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrapropylammonium bromide (cas# 1941-30-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chlorobenzaldehyde Oxime is a chemical reagent used in the synthesis of antimicrobial hydroxamates which are potential inhibitors of deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate synthase inhibiting growth of influenzae. Also used in the preparation ofsubstituted oxazole based firefly luciferase inhibitors.<br>References Poutiainen, P. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 1064 (2013); Hayashi, D. et al.: Chem. Comm., 49, 5535 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methylphenethylamine is the monomethylated derivative of phenethylamine (P321335) and can readily cross the blood-brain barrier in rats showing a brain-uptake index of 98%.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mosnaim, A. D., et al.: Neurochem. Res., 38, 842 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium chloride is a catalyst that is used in the preparation of 5-Hydroxy-clethodim Sulfoxide (H918380). 5-Hydroxy-clethodim Sulfoxide is an impurity of Clethodim (C573250), a post-emergent herbicide. Bis(triphenylphosphoranylidene)ammonium chloride is also a useful new reagent for the synthesis of nucleoside-5’-di and triphosphates.<br>References Falb, L.N., J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 875 (1990); Hunter., J.H., et al.: Weed Technol., 9, 432 (1995); Beistein J. of Org. Chem. 11: 469 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Volatile<br>Applications 1,5-Hexadien-3-ol is a reactant used in the synthesis of laurencia metabolite obtusenye.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Crimmins, M.T., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 125, 7592-7595 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Platinum(0)-1,3-divinyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane Complex Solution is a catalyst in the preparation of phenol functional silanes which are used as adhesion promoters.<br>References Amako, M., et al.: From Eur. Pat. Appl. (2000), EP 1041076 A2 20001004<br></p>

<p>Applications Tocainide Hydrochloride is used as an anti-arrythmic drug as myocardial depressants.<br>References Courtney, K. et al. J. Molec. Cell. Cardiol., 12, 1273 (1980); Kwok, D. et al.: Res. Comm. Chem. Path. Pharm., 67, 395 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Arimoclomol is a orally administered drug used to treat amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and was later discovered to be a potential insulin resistance treatment and diabetic complications.<br>References Kurthy, M., et al.: New. York. Acad. Sci., 967, 482 (2002); Kalmar, B., et al.: Exp. Neurol., 184, 636 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Cyanobenzoic Acid, is a building block used for the synthesis of a variety of 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-oxadiazoles from carboxylic acids, that can be used for the synthesis of a metabotropic glutamate subtype 5 (mGlu5) receptor antagonist.<br>References Ramu, T., et al.: Chem. Lett., 42, 722 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Galeterone is an androgen receptor antagonist and CYP17A1 enzyme inhibitor.<br>References Soifer, H.S., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 287, 3777 (2012); Vasaitis, T., et al.: Molec. Cancer. Therap., 7, 2348 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications (4-Dimethylaminophenyl)di-tert-butylphosphine (cas# 932710-63-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,4-Difluoro-benzoic Acid is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is used to synthesize 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives as melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCH-R1) antagonists.<br>References Lim, C., et al.: Bioorgan. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 2309 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cesium Acetate (cas# 3396-11-0) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(Trifluoroacetyl)hexanolamine (cas# 40248-34-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Tin(II) Oxalate is used in stannous oral care compositions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Surerus, K., et al.: Biochemistry, 1994, 33, 4980 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications A Wittig reagent.<br></p>

<p>Applications (S,S)-(-)-Hydrobenzoin is a chral auxiliary with versatile applications. It is also used as a building block.<br>References Marshall, J., et al.: J. Org. Chem. 60, 7230 (1995); Stolle, A., et al. Tetrahedron Lett. 35, 3521 (1994); Burk, M., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 10125 (1993); Burk, M., et al.: Tetrahedron Asymmetry 2, 569 (1991); Pichon, M., et al: Tetrahedron Asymmetry 7, 927 (1996)<br></p>