Acids and Synthetic Reagents

<p>Applications Isaxonine is a neurotropic agent. Isaxonine prevents synaptic remodeling by suppression of the redundant nerve endings from additional axons. Isaxonine is transformed by cytochrome P 450 into reactive metabolites that lead to immunoallergic hepatitis in man.<br>References Becker, C.M., et. al.: Eur. Surg. Res., 18, 383 (1986); De Reuck, J., et. al.: Acta Neuropath., 72, 406 (1987); Loeper, J., et. al.: Hepatology, 9, 675 (1989)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications PHA-793887 is a potent CDK (cyclin-dependent kinase) inhibitor. Recent studies shows that PHA-793887 has promising therapeutic activity against acute leukemias in vitro and in vivo. PHA-793887 was used to successfully modulate E2F transcriptional factor-dependent cell cycle, DNA replication, mitosis and apoptosis related gene in both tumors and skin biopsy from patients with solid tumors.<br>References Alzani, R. et al.: Exp. Hematol., 38, 259 (2010); Locatelli, G. et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 9, 1265 (2010); Brasca, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 18, 1844 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the synthesis of D-erythroascorbic acid from D-glucose.<br>References Gan, L.X., et al.: Carbohydrate Res., 220, 117 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications N,N′-Disuccinimidyl Carbonateis a commonly used reagent for the preparation of N-succinimidyl esters of N-protected amino acids, activated carbonate, synthesis of urea, carbamates and coupling of ligands to proteins. The coupling reagent property of N,N’-Disuucinimidyl Carbonate speeds up coupling process, while reduces the loss of chiral integrity.<br>References Rebane, R., et al.: J. Chromatography., 904, 99 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-[(2E)-3-(1-methyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)-1-oxo-2-propenyl]-isoquinoline Monohydrochloride is a potent and selective Smad3 inhibitor that attenuates transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced phosphorylation of Smad3 and interaction of Smad3 with Smad4 (1). It also inhibits TGF-β1-induced myofibroblast differentiation of dermal fibroblasts and TGF-β2-induced endothelial cell differentiation in iPSCs (1,2).<br>References (1) Jinnin, M., et al. Mol.Pharmacol. 69 597 (2006). (2) Di Bernardini, M., et al.: J.Biol.Chem. 289 3383 (2014).<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,1,3,3-Tetramethyldisiloxane is an organosilane reducing agent and can be used in several reduction reactions including reductive formation of sulfides and reductive etherification.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pesti, J., et al.: Org. Process Res. Dev., pages ahead of print (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications Rhodium Carbonyl Chloride is a reagent for rhodium-catalyzed [4+2+1] cycloaddition of in situ generated ene/yne-ene-allenes and carbon monoxide to produce [4+2+1] cycloadducts<br>References Tian, Z.Y., et al.: Angewandte Chemie Int. Ed.’ 57, 15544 (2018)<br></p>

<p>Applications A potent and selective inhibitor of NAE. An inhibitor of NEDD8-activating enzyme as a new approach to treat cancer. The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway mediates the destruction of unwanted proteins. Potent NAE inhibitor; NEDD8 E1 Activating Enzyme Inhibitor.<br>References Haas, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 257, 10329 (1982), Walden, H., et al.: Nature, 422, 330 (2003), Kane, R., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 13, 5291 (2007), Saha, A., et al.: Mol. Cell., 32, 21 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Manganese Sulfate Monohydrate is used in the preparation of lithium-ion batteries and cathode catalysts.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kavakli, C. et al.: ChemCatChem., 5, 3358 (2013); McCalla, E. et al.: J. Electrochem. Soc., 161, A606 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Benzisoxazole has therapeutic uses. It could be useful for treating parkinsonism.<br>References Panza, F., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications AZD4547 is a bioavailable, potent, and selective inhibitor of the fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinases. AZD4547 is particularly effective in inhibiting FGFR1, 2, and 3 tyrosine kinases and is under clinical investigation for the treatment of FGFR-dependent tumors.<br>References Gavine, P.R. et al.: Cancer Res., 72, 2045 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tubastatin A Hydrochloride is a neuroprotective HDAC6 inhibitor and is also known to induce hyperacetylation in primary cortical neuron cultures.<br>References Cenik, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 286, 16101 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloroquinoline is an intermediate used in the synthesis of various compounds that exhibits antifungal properties.<br>References Gershon, H., et al.: Contrib. Boyce. Thompson. Inst., 24, 149 (1969);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Fluoro-1,2-phenylenediamine has shown anticancer activity in human prostate adenocarcinoma cell.<br>References Ahmed, H.A.: Bull. Faculty Pharmacy, 49, 25 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(4-Boc-piperazine-1-carbonyl)phenylboronic acid pinacol ester<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Methylisoxazole-3-carboxylic Acid is a metabolite of UTL-5b, a structural analog of the anti-arthritic drug, Leflunomide (L322750).<br>References Shaw, J. et al.: Eur. J. Drug. Metab. Ph., 37, 83 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-2-[3-(4-tert-Butylphenyl)-2-methyl-2-propenylidene]malononitrile (cas# 300364-84-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Cilostazol (C441500), used as internal standard.<br>References Akiyama, H., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch./Drug Res., 35, 1133 (1985), Akiyama, H., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 338, 456 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diethyl L-(+)-Tartrate is used as a chiral reagent in a host of chemical reactions, such as the synthesis of isoquinoline alkaloids and arundic acid, which has been used in acute ischemic stroke therapy.<br>References Ziolkowski, M. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 41, 1963 (2000); Fernandes, R. et al.: Tetrahedron Lett. 50, 5903 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Lodoxamide is an antiallergic drug that acts as a mast cell stabilizer. It is effective in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis and in decreasing vascular permeability.<br>References Ciprandi, G., et al.: Allergy, 51(12), 946-951 (1996); Bayer, Atilla., et al.: Ophthalmologica, 217(2), 119-123 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Stability Air and Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Diethyl Chlorophosphite is used in the synthesis of organophosphates and are considered anticholinesterase agents through observation in studies.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Segall, Y. et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 16, 350 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Indium(III) chloride tetrahydrate (cas# 22519-64-8) is a useful research chemical.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Aluminum isopropoxide is a compound used as an initiator for the polymerization of various compounds, such as lactides. Aluminum isopropoxide is also used as a reducing agent for the reduction of Cinnamaldehyde (C442020).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dubois, P., et al.: Macromolecules. 24, 2266 (1991); Hájek, J., et al.: Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 251, 385 (2003); Lou, X., et al.: Macromol. Rapid Comm., 23, 126 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Bromobutyric Acid is used in the preparation of analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents as nitroalkyl ethers. It is also used in the synthesis of Autotaxin (ENPP2) inhibitors, used in tissue fibrosis regulation, cancer cell invasion and metastasis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Anzini, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 4821 (2013); Kawaguchi, M. et al.: ACS Chem. Biol. et al.: 8, 1713 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Darodipine, is a calcium channel antagonist.<br>References Matucci, R., et al.: British J. Pharmacol., 122, 1353 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Silver Acetate is used as a reagent in chemical synthesis in reaction such as carbonylation of primary and secondary amines as well as in woodward cis-hydroxylation converting alkenes into cis-diols. Also used in gum, lonzenges and sprays that are targeted to assist people in quitting the habit of smoking since it produces a bad taste when combined with cigarettes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wright, L., et al.: J. Phys. Chem., 59, 1060 (1955); Woodward, R., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 80, 209 (1958); Lancaster, T., et al.: Cochrane DB Syst. Rev., 2, 191 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Vasodilator (cerebral and peripheral). Neuroprotective agent.<br>References Carron, C., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 21, 1992 (1971),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic Acid Methyl Ester is an ester derivative of a bromoalkylated benzoic acid. 4-(Bromomethyl)benzoic Acid Methyl Ester is used in the preparation of potential anti-HIV agents. It is also used as a catalyst for rearrangement of benzylthiothiazoline derivatives in the preparation aldose reductase inhibitors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Cushman, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 8, 833 (1998); Nagao, Y. et al.: Chem. Pharmac. Bull., 36, 509 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Fluoro-3-nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride is a used in the preparation of potent Bcl-2/Bcl-xL inhibitors with strong in vivo antitumor activity.<br>References Zhou, Haibin., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 6149 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Iguratimod acts as an anti-inflammatory agent, used primarily in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.<br>References Estellat, C. et al.: Arch. Int. Med., 172, 237 (2012); Du, F. et al.: Arth. Res. Ther., 10 (2008); Tanaka, K. et al.: Rheumatol. Rep., 1, 11 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications A potent, selective, orally bioavailable inhibitor of MEK1, a component of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway. It inhibits proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in a variety of human tumor cell lines. In preclinical xenograft models, oral administration of XL518 results in sustained inhibition of pERK in tumor tissue, but not brain tissue, leading to tumor growth inhibition and regression at well tolerated doses.<br>References Rosen, L.S. et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 26, 14585 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sodium Metasilicate is an antibacterial pharmaceutical compound containing Sodium Hydrogen Carbonate.<br>References Karaagac, M., et al.: Turk. Pat. Appl., (2017);<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive (Oxidize)<br>Applications 3,3-Dimethylbutyraldehyde is an intermediate used to prepare spiro-oxindoles as potent, specific small-molecule Inhibitors of the MDM2-p53 Interaction.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ding, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 3432 (2006); Yu, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 7970 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications A useful wittig reagent.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Ethoxyamine Hydrochloride acts as a reagent in the preparation of biflorin derivatives (hydrazones, oximes, terpene ketones) and determination of their activity as antibacterial and anticancer agents.<br>References Souza, L. G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 26, 435 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 2-Furfurylamine is used in the synthesis of 2-Amino-N-(2-furylmethyl)propanamide, as a novel alanylglycine equivalent synthesized by bacilysin synthetase.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mah, R., et al.: Appl. Microbiol., 15, 866 (1967), Faber, K., et al.: Pure Appl. Chem., 69, 1613 (1997), Marahiel, M., et al.: Chem. Biol. 4, 561 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Semisynthetic camptothecin which inhibits DNA topoisomerase I. Prodrug of 9-aminocamptothecin. Antineoplastic.<br>References Stehlin, J.S., et al.: Int. J. Oncol., 14, 821 (1999), Verschraegen, C.F., et al.: Curr. Opin. Oncol. Endocr. Metab. Invest. Drugs, 1, 184 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications (-)-DIBENZOYL-L-TARTARIC ACID MONOHYDRATE (cas# 62708-56-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications rac 1,2-Diaminopropane is used as model precursor in the electron induced deposition of amorphous carbon nitride films. It is also used to synthesize cage peroxide, 1,6-diaza-3,4,8,9-tetraoxa-11-methylbicyclo[4.4.2]dodecane.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wnuk, J., et al.: J. Phys. Chem., 113, 12345 (2009); Edward, J., et al.: Can. J. Chem., 77, 1057 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Chloro-4-fluorobenzoic Acid s a useful synthetic intermediate. It can be used to prepare aryl aminopyrazole benzamides as oral non-steroidal selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists. It can also be used to synthesize (4,4-difluoro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-5H-1-benzazepin-5-ylidene)acetamide derivatives as arginine vasopressin V2 receptor agonists.<br>References Barnett, H., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 158 (2009); Tsukamoto, I., et al.: Bioog. Med. Chem., 16, 9524 (2008)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichlorobis(triphenylphosphine) Palladium (II) is used primarily in organometallic catalytic reactions due to the palladium content of the compound. It is also involved in crystalized structures of metallacyclic complexes which show antiinflammatory and antifungal properties.<br>References Paul, P. et al.: J. Organometal. Chem., 724, 281 (2013); Pandiarajan, D. et al.: J. Organometal. Chem., 708-709, 18, (2012); Shhaheen, F. et al.: J. Organometal. Chem., 693, 315 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications GSK 2606414 acts as a potent and selective inhibitor of protein kinase R and similarly endoplasmic reticulum kinase affecting numerous diseases such as cancer.<br>References Axten, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 7193 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ammonium Vanadium Oxide is used in pharmaceutical composition of metformin decavanadate for prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, obesity and diabetes. Chimeric design, synthesis, and biological assays of new nonpeptide insulin-mimetic vanadium compounds to inhibit protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Scior, T., et al.: Drug Des. Devel. Ther., 4, 231 (2010); Gonzalez V., et al.: Pat. Appl. (2016), MX 2015003461 A 20160919;<br></p>

<p>Applications (3R,5R)-Atorvastatin Sodium Salt is an Atorvastatin impurity in bulk drug and tablets.<br>References Posvar, E., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 36, 728 (1996), Lea, A., et al.: Drugs, 53, 828 (1997), Miao, X., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 998, 133 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate is a biocide that is added to biodiesels to inhibit and remove microbial growth. It can rapidly penetrate the skin and cause aberrations in the activities of the glycogenic, lipogenic, and tricarboxylic acid metabollic pathways. It also causes delayed and pain-free dermal burns.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Poon, R., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 85(11), 1419-1427 (2011); Klain, George J., et al.: Fund. Appl. Toxicol., 10(4), 730-5 (1988); Slovak, A. J. M., et al.: Contact Dermatitis, 11(1), 29-30 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications A 769662 is an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activiator. A 769662 selectively activates cardiac AMPK heterotrimeric complexes contg. α2/β1-subunits.<br>References Timmermans, A.D., et. al.: Am. J. Phys., 306, H1619 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-(-)-2-Methylbutanol is a reagent in the isolation of KM-01 from the two fungi Drechslera avenae and Pycnoporus coccineus<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kim, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 6, 1975 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel prodrug of dual vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 kinase inhibitor. Antitumor agent.<br>References Ellis, L., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer, 32A, 2451 (1996), Klagsbrun, M., et al.: Chem. Biol., 6, R217 (1999), Auguste, P., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 1717 (2001), Bhide, R., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 2143 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetraethyl Orthocarbonate is used in the synthesis of chemokine receptor-5 inhibitors against HIV-1. Also used in the synthesis of benzobisoxazoles used in the preparation of organic semiconductors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kazmierski, W. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 54, 3756 (2011); Mike, J. et al.: Org. Lett., 10, 4915 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-Diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane is an aliphatic amine that is used as a catalyst in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Baghernejad, B.: Eur. J. Chem., 1, No pp. given (2010); Guzonas, D., et al.: Langmuir, 6, 11002 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Plerixafor, it is a hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) mobilizer that inhibits the CXCR4 chemokine receptor and blocks binding of its ligand, stromal cell-derived factor-1-α (SDF-1-α). This agent was approved on Dec. 15, 2008, as treatment in combination with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) to mobilize HSCs to the peripheral blood for collection and subsequent autologous transplantation in patients with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and multiple myeloma (MM).<br>References Xie, T., et al.: Science, 290, 328 (2000), Leone, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 305, 1150 (2003), Chigaev, A., et al.: J. Immunol. 178, 6828 (2007), Kiel, M., et al.: Cell Stem Cell, 1, 204 (2007),<br></p>