Benzimidazole and Imidazole Derivatives

<p>The human red blood cell (RBC) is a non-nucleated cell in the human blood that carries oxygen to the body's cells. The erythrocyte is characterized by its biconcave shape and its lack of organelles. It has a volume of about 80 fL, and a diameter of about 7 micrometers. The RBCs are produced in bone marrow from precursor cells that differentiate into erythroid progenitor cells. This drug binds to the hemoglobin molecules in the red blood cells and alters their shape, causing an increase in their deformability. In addition, this drug decreases the viscosity of the plasma outside of the red blood cell, which increases its extravascular sensitivity. Evaluations have been performed on low doses to evaluate sensitivities within capillaries with microscopy parameters such as magnification and resolution. These evaluations have shown that this drug can be used for quantifying changes in capillary size due to low doses (</p>

<p>Amino albendazole sulfone is an anthelmintic drug that is used to treat worm infestations in animals. It is the active metabolite of fenbendazole sulfone and has a terminal half-life of 12 hours in humans. Amino albendazole sulfone can be prepared by chromatographic methods, such as liquid chromatography or gas chromatography, and it can be analyzed with a fluorescence detector. This drug has been shown to have a concentration–time curve following administration to rats and results in an increase in the number of worms eliminated from the body.</p>

<p>2,12-Dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-9-methoxy-12-thioxobenzo [4,5] pyrido [1,2-c] imidazo [1,2-a] imidazol-2-one is a synthetic compound that has not been evaluated in humans. This compound is an impurity standard for the synthesis of an API. The purity of this compound is &gt;98% and it has been shown to be stable under acidic conditions.</p>

<p>Albendazole is an anti-helminthic drug that is structurally classified as a benzimidazole. It has been shown to be effective against a variety of helminths, including roundworms, pinworms, hookworms, and tapeworms. Albendazole impurity F is an analytical standard for the determination of albendazole in pharmaceutical products by HPLC. It also serves as a reference substance to establish the purity of drug products containing albendazole and its metabolites. Albendazole impurity F is not considered to be a metabolite of albendazole because it has been shown to be stable under acidic conditions and can be synthesized from other starting materials.</p>

<p>Desdifluoromethoxy hydroxy pantoprazole is a synthetic compound that is used as an impurity standard for the drug product Pantoprazole. It has a purity of ≥98% and is stable under ambient conditions. Desdifluoromethoxy hydroxy pantoprazole is not active on its own, but it is a metabolite of pantoprazole. It can be used to study the metabolism of pantoprazole.</p>

<p>2-[[(4-Chloro-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-benzimidazole (CAS No. 168167-42-8) is a synthetic compound that is used as an analytical reference standard for HPLC. It is also used in the study of drug metabolism, and it has been shown to induce natural oxidation in vitro. 2-[(4-Chloro-3-methylpyridinium)methylsulfinyl]-1Hbenzimidazole is an impurity found in pharmaceutical products that are synthesized from 1-(2,4,6trichlorophenyl)-3-[(4chloromethyl)phenyl]urea.</p>

<p>2-(3-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid is a synthetic compound that is being researched as a potential drug product. It is an impurity standard for HPLC and has been used in the past to develop drugs. The chemical structure of this compound closely resembles that of the natural metabolite 4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, which is found in plants such as thyme. 2-(3-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid has shown to inhibit human cytochrome P450 enzymes, which may lead to serious side effects when taken orally.</p>

<p>Albendazole sulfone is a metabolite of the drug albendazole. It is used as an analytical standard to measure the concentration of albendazole in human plasma and urine samples. The concentration-time curve for albendazole sulfone can be determined using a nonlinear regression analysis, with the rate constant being calculated from the slope and intercept. This method has been shown to be accurate for predicting pharmacokinetic parameters in humans. Albendazole sulfone is also used as a probe in wastewater treatment studies, where it binds to colloidal gold particles that are used to visualize the removal of small particles by microorganisms.</p>

<p>2-Methoxy-5-methyL-N,N-bis(1-methyLethyl)-gamma-phenyLbenzenepropanamine fumarate (DMXBPC) is an analgesic that has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of the cytosolic phospholipase A2 and is also cytotoxic. DMXBPC has significant cholinergic activity and can inhibit the synthesis of prostaglandins in the prostate gland. DMXBPC binds to the pyridine ring of DOPA and inhibits its conversion to dopamine. The enantiomers of DMXBPC have different effects on inhibition of phospholipase A2, with the (+) form being more potent than the (-) form. This is due to the fact that (+)DMXBPC binds more tightly to the enzyme than (-)DMXBPC does.</p>

<p>1-[[3-Methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]-2-[[[3-methyl-4-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-2-pyridinyl]methyl]sulfinyl]-1H-b enzimidazole is an impurity of a drug product. It is a metabolite that has been shown to be present in human plasma and urine. This compound is synthetically produced and is not found in nature. It has been shown to have niche applications in both analytical chemistry and pharmacopoeia.</p>

<p>1-[[4-(3-Methoxypropoxy)-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl]methyl]-2-[[[4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl]methyl]thio]-1H-benzimidazole is a drug product with analytical applications. It has been shown to have natural and synthetic origins, as well as impurities of its own. It is a custom synthesis and research and development compound that is used for HPLC standardization. The compound has been synthesized for the purpose of drug development and it is intended for niche use.</p>

<p>Solifenacin Impurity D is a synthetic impurity of solifenacin. Solifenacin is an anti-cholinergic drug used to treat overactive bladder and urinary incontinence. The purity of this product is 99%. It is soluble in methanol, ethanol, chloroform, and acetone. Solifenacin Impurity D can be used as a reference material for analytical purposes or as an impurity standard in the development of new drugs.</p>

<p>Pantoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. It is used in the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease and other conditions involving excessive stomach acid production. The chemical name for Pantoprazole impurity is (E)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl-3-[(pyrrolidin-2-yl)oxy]propanediol. This substance is an enantiomer of pantoprazole, which has been determined to be inactive. Pantoprazole impurity can be identified by its melting point, crystallizing habit, and optical rotation. Active carbon filtration can be used to remove this substance from the final product.</p>

<p>3,4-Dimethoxy-2-methylpyridine-N-oxide is a potent inhibitor of somatostatin, which is known to play a role in the regulation of cancer cell growth and apoptosis. This compound has been shown to inhibit the activity of human kinases, including those involved in tumor cell proliferation. 3,4-Dimethoxy-2-methylpyridine-N-oxide is an anticancer agent that can be used to treat various types of cancer. It has also been found to have inhibitory effects on urine quetiapine and Chinese hamster ovary cells. The compound is a potent analog of kinase inhibitors and can be used as a lead compound for developing new drugs with anticancer properties.</p>

<p>Lactose conjugate degradation product of pregabalin</p>

<p>Tiotropium Bromide EP Impurity G is an anticholinergic bronchodilator that is used in the treatment of asthma. Tiotropium Bromide EP Impurity G has been shown to have long-acting properties, with a half-life of about 20 hours. It has a high affinity for the muscarinic receptor and acts as a competitive antagonist at this site. Tiotropium Bromide EP Impurity G also has a cavity, which may be necessary for its activity.</p>

<p>Carbamazepine is a drug that has been used to treat epileptic seizures and trigeminal neuralgia. Impurities in the drug are removed by using chromatographic methods, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The rotarod test is an animal model of motor coordination and balance that can be used to assess the effects of drugs on these functions. Carbamazepine impurities may cause depression and have an epileptic effect on animals. Chronic exposure to carbamazepine can lead to drug reactions and gene polymorphisms, which may alter the metabolism of the drug. Analytical methods for determining carbamazepine impurities include HPLC, gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and thin-layer chromatography (TLC).</p>

<p>Lactose conjugate degradation product of pregabalin</p>

<p>2-Hydroxy-5-methylphenylbenzenepropanol is an aliphatic phenol that is used as a treatment for benzene poisoning. It is also used as a precursor to other compounds, such as the chlorides and alkylates of 2-hydroxy-5-methylphenylbenzenepropanol. This compound can be synthesized by reacting ethyl benzoylacetate with diisopropylamine in the presence of oxygen and chlorine gas. It is often immobilized using nutrients, l-tartaric acid, or cinnamic acid.</p>

<p>Oxybutynin impurity C is a metabolite of the drug product Oxybutynin (CAS No. 1199574-70-3). It is an analytical standard for HPLC, and a natural impurity in the synthesis of Oxybutynin. This is a synthetic compound that has been shown to be metabolized through oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. Oxybutynin impurity C has been used as an analytical reference material for drug development and research and development.</p>

<p>(R)-1-Phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline is a chiral molecule with four stereocenters. It is synthesized by the reaction of sulfamic acid and cyclohexene in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid. The product formed is then dehydrogenated to produce (R)-1-phenyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline. This compound is soluble in organic solvents such as benzene and ethane and can be used as an acceptor for chiral stationary phases.</p>

<p>Dehydrodeoxy donepezil is an analytical standard that is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals. It is a synthetic drug impurity, and its CAS number is 120013-45-8. Dehydrodeoxy donepezil can be found in the API impurity grade of various drugs, including those that are manufactured by Custom synthesis and natural synthesis. The pharmacopoeia states that dehydrodeoxy donepezil has a purity level of 98% or greater. This product can also be found as a metabolite in humans, with its half-life being approximately 40 minutes.</p>

<p>cis-(±)-4-[4-[4-[4-[[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy]phenyl]-1-piperazinyl]phenyl]- 2,4-dihydro-2-propyl-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one is a drug product that is used as a research and development tool. It is an impurity standard for HPLC. This compound has a chemical name of cis-(±)-4-[4-[4-[4-(hydroxymethyl)phenyl]-1piperazinyl]phenyl]-2, 4dihydro 2propyl 3H 1 2 4 triazol 3one. The CAS number for this compound is 7485591 7. This compound</p>

<p>1-[[4-(3-Methoxypropoxy)-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl]methyl]-2-[(4-(3-methoxypropoxy)-3-methyl-2-pyridinyl)methylsulfonyl]-1H-benzimidazole (MKC1807) is a synthetic drug product. MKC1807 is an analytical standard in the HPLC assay for the determination of Epiandrosterone sulfate and its metabolites. 1-[4-(3-Methoxypropoxy)-3,5,6,7,8 -pentamethylcyclohexyl]methyl 2-[(4-(3 -methoxypropoxy) 3,5,6,7,8 -pentamethylcyclohexyl)methylsulfonyl]-1H benzimidazole has been shown to be a natural metabolite of Epiandrosterone sulfate. This compound</p>

<p>N,N-Dimethylaminoethyl-a-(1-Hydroxycyclopentyl)phenylacetate hydrochloride (DMAEA) is a drug that is used as an ophthalmic. It has been shown to be safe and effective in patients with chronic open angle glaucoma, and it may also have some efficacy for the treatment of other conditions such as uveitis and retinal detachment. DMAEA is thought to work by binding to the DNA in the eye’s optic nerve cells and blocking the production of leukotrienes. This drug has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.</p>

<p>(S)-4-(2-Methylpropyl)-2-pyrrolidinone is a lactam that has been synthesized in the laboratory. It is an organic solvent that is used in the synthesis of other compounds. The compound has a potential for producing impurities, such as isopropyl and phosphite, during synthesis. (S)-4-(2-Methylpropyl)-2-pyrrolidinone can be synthesized by reacting 2-methylpropionic acid with one equivalent of methylamine. This reaction takes place in an organic solvent and requires kinetic control to avoid side reactions.</p>

<p>Omeprazole Sodium is a proton pump inhibitor(PPI) and suppresses gastric acid secretion.</p>

<p>Prochloraz: broad-spectrum imidazole fungicide; blocks placental aromatase (IC50=40nM), estrogen/androgen receptors; activates aryl hydrocarbon receptors.</p>

<p>Metopimazine is a selective and peripherally restricted dopamine D3 and D2 receptors antagonist.</p>

<p>(R,R)-Glycopyrrolate is an agent of anticholinergic, has the ability to reduce the frequency of drooling in vivo with developmental disabilities.</p>

<p>Zolazepam (CI 716), a pyrazole and diazazone derivative, is a benzodiazepine-like veterinary anesthetic.</p>

<p>Abeprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker targeting acid-related diseases without acid activation.</p>

<p>Isopropyl 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate is an inorganic acid that is used as a solvent and as a reagent for sample preparation. It has been shown to be able to dissolve hydroxy methyl cellulose, which is a common component of membranes. In addition, it can be used as an electrospray ionization source and has been shown to have a phase transition temperature of -24 degrees Celsius. Isopropyl 2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetate has also been shown to inhibit the action of cholic acid on kinetics in high-performance liquid chromatography. This chemical compound also contains an ethyl group, which may be due to its derivation from acetone.</p>

<p>5,6-Dimethoxy-2-(4-pyridylmethylene)-1-indanone is a hydroxide that is obtained by the reflux of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with an alkali metal hydroxide. It can be used in the synthesis of benzylated donepezil hydrochloride. 5,6-Dimethoxy-2-(4-pyridylmethylene)-1-indanone condenses with pyridinecarboxaldehyde to produce 1-(4'-pyridylmethylene)indane. This reaction produces a mixture of products, including benzoic acid and the indane derivative.</p>

<p>Orphenadrine is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist that inhibits clonal HERG channels in a concentration-dependent manner,</p>

<p>Troriluzole is a glutamate modulator with anticancer activity and is used in the study of spinocerebellar ataxia.</p>

<p>Amino-acids and their esters other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, excluding aromatic amino-acids, nesoi</p>

<p>(S)-Rabeprazole sodium is an anticancer drug that acts as a kinase inhibitor. It is an analog of Rabeprazole and has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium inhibits the activity of kinases, which are enzymes that play a key role in cell signaling pathways. This inhibition leads to apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium has been tested against various types of cancer, including Chinese hamster ovary cells and tumor xenografts in mice. It has also been shown to inhibit elastin degradation, which is important for preventing metastasis of cancer cells. (S)-Rabeprazole sodium may be a promising candidate for the development of new anticancer drugs that target specific kinases and proteins involved in cancer cell growth and survival.</p>

<p>Pantoprazole sulphide is a benzimidazole derivative that has been synthesized in an asymmetric synthesis. The purified compound was characterized by its nmr spectra, which showed the presence of the carboethoxy group and the chromatographic method. The compound belongs to a family of inhibitors known as benzimidazole derivatives and has shown inhibitory activity against a number of bacterial species including Staphylococcus aureus, Clostridium perfringens, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pantoprazole sulphide has been used as an inhibitor to treat gastric acid pump disorders such as Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. It is also used for treating pathological conditions such as duodenal ulcers or gastroesophageal reflux disease.</p>

<p>(1-Nitroethyl)benzene is a chloride that belongs to the family of muscarinic receptor antagonists. Its amide form is used in medicine as an antiviral agent, and it has been shown to be effective against HIV. (1-Nitroethyl)benzene also binds to the adenosine A3 receptor, which inhibits autoimmune diseases by preventing the proliferation of lymphocytes. The nitro group on this molecule can undergo a number of chemical reactions, including addition with alkylsulfonyl chloride or nitration with nitric acid.</p>

<p>Morinidazole has antibacterial properties for researching anaerobic infections like appendicitis and PID.</p>

<p>L-163491: partial agonist at angiotensin II receptor type 1, less so at type 2, used in research, may treat viral lung inflammation.</p>

<p>Aclidinium, a dual-action compound, serves as a long-acting muscarinic antagonist and a β2-adrenoceptor (β2-AR) agonist, exhibiting bronchodilator properties. It effectively reduces lung hyperinflation, enhances lung function, and prolongs exercise endurance time. This compound is commonly utilized in studies focusing on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).</p>

Amino-acids and their esters other than those containing more than one kind of oxygen function, excluding aromatic amino-acids, nesoi

Compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring in the structure, nesoi

Acyclic amides (including acyclic carbamates) and their derivatives and salts thereof, nesoi

<p>Compounds containing an unfused pyridine ring in the structure, nesoi</p>