Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Standards

<p>Applications Trichloroethylene is a common industrial solvent that is used in dry cleaning and metal degreasing. Trichloroethylene is also a suspected carcinogen to humans, and is a common groundwater contaminant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Little, D., et al., Appl. Env. Microb., 54, 951 (1988); Vogel, T. &amp; McCarty, P.: Appl. Environ. Microb., 49, 1080 (1985); Wartenberg, D., et al.: Environ. Health Persp., 108, 161 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorodiphenyl Ether is a standard for environmental testing and research. Biodegradability studies with organic priority pollutant compounds.<br>References Tabak, H. H., et al.: J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 53, 1503 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications 1,2-Dichloroethylene (Mixture of cis and trans) is a chlorinated solvent used in organic synthesis. Environmental pollutant found in river ecosystems contributing to habitat degradation.Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schaefer, R. et al.: Freshwater Biol., 61, 2116 (2016);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Pentanediol is used in synthesizing quinoxalines from biomass-derived glycols. Also used in the synthesis of propiconazole (P770100) a fungicide as well as other antifungals.<br>References Climent, M. et al.: J. Catal., 292, 118 (2012); Zhou, Y. et al.: Carbo. Res., 344, 1289 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Bromodiiodomethane, is a Iodinated trihalomethanes (ITHMs),which can be used for several medicinal or pharmaceutical taste and odor events in drinking water.<br>References Cancho, B. et al.: Wat. Res,, 34. No. 13, 3380 (2000);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl trisulphide (CAS# 3658-80-8) is a useful research chemical compound.<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1,2-Dichloroethane-D4 is a labelled analogue of 1,2-Dichloroethane (D434325). 1,2-Dichloroethane is one of the major waste products of the Vinyl Chloride industries, and has also been classified as a potential human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hung, W., et al.: Appl. Surf. Sci., 255, 2205 (2008); Rannug, U., et al.: Chem.-Biol. Int., 20, 1 (1978)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Diethoxyethane is from the group of glycol ether class of industrial solvents, widely used in the manufacture of protective coatings.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References George, J.D., et al.: Toxicol Sci., 19, 15 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 2-Pentylfuran is a volatile compound that is detected in meat smoke aerosol, rice aroma and tomato paste volatiles.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rogge, W., et al.; Environ. Sci. Technol., 25, 1112 (1991); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 36, 1006 (1988); Buttery, R., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 38, 336 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexylene Glycol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of functionalized boronic esters. Also used in the preparation of vinylboronates.<br>References Demory, E. et al: Org. Proc. Res. Dev., 15, 710 (2011); PraveenGanesh, N. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 72 4510 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Methanesulfonate is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-Methyllamotrigine (M315350); an impurity of Lamotrigine (L173250) which is an anticonvulsant that inhibits glutamate release, possible through inhibition of sodium, potassium and calcium currents. Also used in treatment of bipolar depression.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Miller, A.A., et al.: Epilepsia, 27, 483 (1986); Grunze, et al.: Neuropsychobiology, 38, 131 (1998); Calabrese, J.R., et al.: J. Clin. Psychiatry, 60, 79 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,8-Cineol is the chief constituent of oil of eucalyptus. Used as pharmaceutic aid (flavor).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jori, et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 9, 362 (1970); Maugh, T.H., Science, 218, 278 (1982),<br></p>

<p>Applications The main metabolite of o-xylene.<br>References Gregus, Z., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 1082 (1998), Gregus, Z., et al.: Xenobiotica, 29, 547 (1999), Gonzalez-Reche, L., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 77, 80 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2-Dichloroethanol is a reagent in the preparation of tunable molecular catalysts via functionalizing methylene bridge of bis(N-heterocyclic carbene) ligands.<br>References Zhong, R., et al.: ChemPlusChem, 79, 1294-1303 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Dichlorobenzene was used to study the effect of solvent vapor pressure on the vertical nanowire of C60 molecules. It can be detected in environmental samples using an advanced Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy-attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) sensor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kim, J.: ACS Nano, 7, 9122 (2013); Lu, R., et al.: Scientific Reports, 3, 2525 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Volatile<br>Applications Allyl chloride is a chlorinated hydrocarbon that is considered to be a hazardous air pollutant because of its potential human health effects. Allyl chloride is also a known mutagen towards Salmonella typhimurium, and induces gene conversion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.<br> E0<br>References Mc Coy, E., et al.: Mut. Res./Fund. Mol. Mech. Mutagen., 57, 11 (1978); Shepson, P., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 21, 568 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-BUTYLPYRROLIDIN-2-ONE (cas# 3470-98-2) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Isopropylthioxanthone is a thioxanthone derivative useful as photoinitiators.<br>References Ginex, T., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 27, 279 (2014); Reitsma, M., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 133, 345 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-Dichlorobenzene-d4 is labelled 1,4-Dichlorobenzene (D431875), a versatile building block and a small bioactive molecule, used in various organic synthesis. It is also used as disinfectant, deodorant, and pesticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fahey, D. R., et al.: Macromolecules, 24 (15), 4242 (1991); Rossberg, M., et al.: Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, (2006);<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture Sensitive<br>Applications Ethyl Methanesulfonate is used in studies as DNA damage specific control of cell death by cryptochrome in p53-mutant Ras-transformed cells.<br>References Lee, J.H., et al.: Cancer Res., 73, 785 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive, Volatile<br>Applications Dibromoiodomethane was found as a disinfection byproducts in European drinking water.<br>References Jeong, C.H., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol. 46, 12120 (2012); Krasner, S.W., et al.: Proceed. Water. Qual. Technol. Confer., 1592 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Dibromoacetonitrile is a carcinogenic nitrogenous disinfection byproduct. Dibromoacetonitrile in drinking water was linked to oral cavity cancer in rats and forestomach cancer in mice. In addition, Dibromoacetonitrile may cause oxidative damage in rat brain.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Guo, Z., et al.: Chem. Eng. J. 306, 1180 (2016); Krasner, S. W., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol. 50, 9583 (2016); Natl Toxicol Program Tech Rep Ser. 544, 1 (2010); Klattisaksiri, P., et al.: Water Res 98, 160 (2016); Sayed, R. H., et al.: Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 34, 849 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated alcohol used in the study of lignite liquefaction.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kuznetov, P.N. et al.: Fuel, 70, 559 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications tert-Butyl Methyl Ether is used in the preparation of gasolines, acting as an oxygenate to improve octane index and combustion efficiency (1). A mutagenic component of the mixtures present in the environment through degredation (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Landmeyer, J. et al.: Ground Water Monit. R. 1998 Nov:18(4) p93-1022. Fayolle, F. et al.: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2001 Aug;56(3-4):339-49.<br></p>

<p>Applications n-Heptane is used a component of blended fuel compositions as well as a solvent in organic chemical reactions.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Ding, Y. et al.: J. Haz. Mat., 271, 82 (2014); Xu, H. et al.: J. Chem. Eng. Dat., 59, 1281 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Α substituted hippurate analog as substrates and inhibitor of peptidylglycine α-hydroxylating monooxygenase (PHM).<br>References Kruse, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 33, 781 (1990), Jeng, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 272, 14666 (1997), Schally, A., et al.: Horm. Metab. Res., 40, 315 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Benzoylglycine also known as Hippuric Acid is the glycine conjugate of benzoic acid commonly found in ruminant urine. Hippuric acid is synthesized in the liver and its production is greatly increased following consumption of benzoic acid. In itself it does not have a direct biological function, however p-hydroxy-hippurica acid can be used as an inhibitor of Ca2+ ATPase.A possible biomarker of Parkinson’s disease.<br>References Jankowski J. T. et. al.: Kidney Int. 78, 84 (2001); Chem. and Eng. News p. 13, Apr. 1, (2019)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Picoline is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-Picolineborane, a non-toxic alternative to sodium borohydride for the labelling of oligosaccharides.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Renee Ruhaak, L., et al.: Proteomics, 10, 2330 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Bromopropane, is used as a solvent and for the cleaning of metal surfaces, removal of soldering residues from electronic circuit boards. It is anticipated to be human carcinogen.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lingyo Zh., et al.: Toxicology, 304, 76 (2013); Samukawa, M. et al.: Archives Internal Med., 172(16), 1257 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorbutanol Hemihydrate acts as a fish anaesthetic, primarily on members of the octopus species. Also used as an ophthalmic antimicrobial preservative agent (1).<br>References (1) Amin, A. et al.;Pharm. Dev. Tech., 17, 614 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Labelled Methylene Chloride used in organic chemical reactions as a general solvent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fulmer, G. et al.: Organometal., 29, 2176 (2010); Kobayashi, M. et al.: J. Porph. Pthalo., 16, 359 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1-Chlorobutane is used in biological studies to evaluate the activity of haloalkan dehalogenase from Sphingomonas paucimobilis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oakley, A.J., et al.: Biochem., 41, 4847 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isobutyric acid is used in biological studies to discriminate between the different volatile compounds found in wines and beers.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Dourtoglou, V., et al.: Food Chem., 159, 181 (2014); Webber, V., et al.: Food Chem., 159, 391 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Recent studies suggest that there might be a relationship between administration of isoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lewis, M.C. et al.: Med. Hypoth., 68, 484 (2007); Mellon, R.D. et al.: Anesth. Analg., 104, 509 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Borneol is found in the composition of essential oils extracted from Kaempferia Galanga L. Also used to promote absorption of drugs into various foods, liquids and edible items.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wong, K. et al.: Flav. Frag. J., 7, 263 (1992); Yang, L. et al.: J. Zhejiang. Univ. Sci. B., 12, 143 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Bromo-2-chloroacetonitrile is a disinfection byproduct in drinking water. Discharges of produced waters from oil and gas extraction via wastewater treatment plants are the sources of disinfection byproducts to receiving streams.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Raymer, J. H., et al.: J. Expo. Anal. Env. Epid., 10, 808-815 (2000); Hladik. M. L., et al.: ; Sci. Total. Environ. 466-467, 1085-1093 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications p-Benzoquinone is used as a catalyst in the preperation of allyl silyl ethers. p-Benzoquinone is a superoxide scavenger that has been used in the characterization of carnation-like SnS2 nanostructure photocatalysts for photodegredation. p-Benzoquinone is a toxic metabolite found in human blood.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kinoshita, H., et. al.: Org. Lett., 15, 5538 (2013); Liu, H., et. al.: J. Mol. Catal. A-Chem., 288, 19221 (2013); Du, H., et. al.: Environ Sci. Technol., 47, 2823 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications The labelled version of Bromobenzene (B680145), used as a general reagent in palladium-catalyzed reactions and in the synthesis of Grignard reagents.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Miyaura, N. et al.: Synth. Commun., 11, 513 (1981); Nahm, S. et al.: Tetra. Lett., 22, 3815 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isolated from the basic fraction of coal tar. A semi-volatile compound in tobacco.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Van den Dool, H., et al.: J. Chromatogr.,11, 463 ( 1963), Radulovic, N., et al.: Phytother. Res., 20, 85 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromoethane is used in the synthesis of novel non-competitive antagonists of kainate Glu1/Glu2 receptors (1). Bromoethane is a useful reagent to prepare tryptophan analogues and the antibiotic, Tamoxifen (2).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References (1) Kaczor, A. et al.: Lett Drug Discov 9, 891 (2012) (1) Ma, C. et al.: J. Org Chem. 66, 4525 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,​3-​Dichloro-​1-​propene is a chemical reagent used in organic synthesis. Used as a reagent to synthesize the intermediate [(difluorophenyl)propenyl]propanediol diacetate for Posazonazole (P689600).Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Chen, Y. et al.: Synth. Comm., 45, 734 (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromo-2-chloroethane is a reagent used in the preparation of potent P-glycoprotein inhibitors carrying a polycyclic scaffold.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bisi, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem, 49, 3049 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N-Dimethyl-1,3-propylenediamine is a useful catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation. It is also a useful hardening agent for expoxy resin.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Li, G. et al.: Green Chem., 13, 1828 (2011); Kroupa, J. et al.: Cgem. Prum., 26, 477 (1976); Caldwell, J. et al.: Polym. Preprints, 8, 687 (1967);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrahydropyran is a useful synthetic intermediate. Tetrahydropyranyl (THP-) ethers derived from the reaction of alcohols and dihydropyran are common intermediates in organic synthesis. In organic synthesis, the 2-tetrahydropyranyl group is used as a protecting group for alcohols.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Earl, R., et al.: Org. Synth., 7, 334 (1990); Kluge, A.: Org. Synth., 7, 160 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbon tetrabromide is commonly employed as an electron acceptor in organic synthesis reactions. Carbon tetrabromide is also an efficient catalyst for regioselective ring opening of epoxides with alcohols.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rosokha, S., et al.: Heteroatom Chem., 17, 449 (2006); Yadav, J., et al.: Synthesis, 2005, 2897 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Iodobutane is one of the most universally useful substrates in the assessment of haloalkene dehalogenase activity.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Koudelakova, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 435, 345 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications Isopropylamine is an organic compound is a widely used for the synthesis of pharmaceutical and agricultural goods such as glyphosphate herbicides and as an additive for petroleum industry.<br> E0<br>References Dam, J.H. et al.: Chem. A. Eur. J., 16, 6820 (2010); Latli, B. et al.: J Labelled. Compd. Radiopharm., 48, 447 (2005); Guadry, D., et al.: Biomed. Mass. Spectro., 12, 269 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Isobutyrate is an odor-active compound found in pineapples.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pino, J.A.: Int. J. Food Sci. Tech., 48, 564 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications sec-Butyl Mercaptan is used in the preparation of arylsulfides via palladium catalyzed thioetherification of aryl bromides and iodides.<br>References Fernandez-Rodriguez, M. et al.: J. Org. Chem., 74, 1663 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications trans-1,3-Dichloropropene is used in a biological study to evaluate the fumigant emission and distribution in relation to soil moisture and texture.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Qin, R., et al.: Chemosphere, 90, 866 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-DICHLOROBUTANE (cas# 110-56-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Bromopropane is a compound that induces hemapoietic and reproductive effects on humans. It is known to cause male infertility and primary ovarian failure in humans as well. In the industry, 2-bromopropane is used as an alternative solvent to ozone depleting chlorofluorocarbons (e.g. 1,1,1-Trichlorotrifluoroethane [T774305]).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Park, J., et al.: J. Occup. Health, 39, 138 (1997); Takeuchi, Y., et al.: Occup. Heal. Ind. Med., 38, No pp given (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethyl Carbonate is used in the synthesis of phosphine-boranes in the preparation of new bidentate ligands. Also used in the synthesis of flavonoid analogs.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Imamoto, T. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 112, 5244 (1990); Cushman, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34, 798 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isopropenyl Acetate, is an enol acetate of acetone. It is used as a solvent for cellulose, plastics, oil and fats. It is also a building block used for various organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Walters, M., et al.: e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reag. for Organ. Synth.(2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-CHLOROHEXANE (cas# 544-10-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Nitro-1,2,3-triazole is a highly impact sensitive and explosive material.<br>References Politzer, P. et al.: Int. J. Quant. Chem., 61, 389 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Substrate specificity of haloalkane dehalogenases.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Koudelakova, T., et al.: Biochem. J., 435, 345 (2011),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Acetylfuran is a widely used reagent in manufacturing pharmaceuticals and aroma compounds.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Bertero, M., et al.: Fuel, 95, 263 (2012); Dang, Q., et al.: J. Medn. Chem., 54, 153 (2011); Candu, N., et al.: Topics. Catalysis., 52, 571 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexachloroethane is a highly efficient chlorinating agent in the preparation of chlorosilanes from hydrosilanes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Pongkittiphan, V., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 50, 5080 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dichloroacetonitrile is commonly used with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument to evaluate and quantify the common halogenated disinfection by products using the headspace technique.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Montesinos, I., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A., 1310 113 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Dibutyl Carbonate is a potential fuel substitute due to the observed decrease in CO2 emissions. Also used in CO2 catalytic activation.<br>References Hellier, P. et al.: Energy Fuel, 27, 5222 (2013); Shang, J. et al.: Green Che,., 14, 2899 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications (Z)-1,2-Dichloroethene is a synthetic intermediate of solvents and chlorinated compounds. It is mainly used as a solvent for resins, fats, perfumes, dyes, paints, plastics thermosensitive, phenols, etc., also used to extract sensitive products cold to heat (caffeine, rubber, fragrant fat, etc). It is also used in some degreasing metals.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mark, J.: Physical Properties of Polymer Handbook, Springer,? 2nd Edition, 1076 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Dichloropropane is an intermediate used to prepare analogs of tamoxifen with improved calmodulin antagonism.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hardcastle, I., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 38, 241 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pivalic Acid is a metabolite of oral cephem (β-lactam) antibiotics such as S-1108, containing pivaloyl moieties.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mizojiri, K. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents, Chemother. 39, 1445 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications A chloropropanol which shows toxic effects.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Andersen, H., et al.: Toxicology, 136, 67 (1999), Fry, J., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 37, 351 (1999), Garle, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 29, 533 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is the metabolite implicated in n-hexane neurotoxicity.<br>References Abou-Donia, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 27, 2055 (1978), Abou-Donia, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 27, 2055 (1978), DeCaprio, A., et al.: Brain Res., 586, 219 (1992), LoPachin, R., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 86, 214 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol is used in the synthesis of competitive inhibitors for phospholipase A2. Used in the preparation of a key Efavirenz (E425000) intermediate, a nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jain, M. et al.: Biochem., 30, 10256 (1991); Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995), Tan, L. et al.: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 38, 711 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications S-Rivastigmine is an isomer of Rivastigmine ( an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Howes, L et al.: Drug. Safe., 37, 391 (2014); Shahar, O. et al.: Nucl. Acids Res., 42, 5869 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromoform is a brominated organic solvent, sedative and flame retardant, in the past. Now it is mainly used as a laboratory reagent, for example as an extraction solvent.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs)<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Haag, W., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 26, 1005 (1992); Giesen, D., et al.: Theoretical Chem. Accounts, 98, 85 (1997); Shvakumar, D., et al.: J. Chem. Theory Compt., 5, 919 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Bromo-2-fluorobenzene is used as a reagent in the synthesis of organic compounds inlcuding that of brominated N-arylated carbazoles which are widely useful in organic chemistry.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Wang, L., Synthesis, pages ahead of print, (2015);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,3-Dimethyl-2-imidazolidone, is a solvent used in various synthetic organic transformations. Studied in the formation of functionally stabilized hydrosilanediyl-transition metal complexes produced photochemically from arylsilanes.<br>References Mukaiyama, T., et al.: Chem. Lett., 1507 (1980); Seebach, D., et al.: Chem. Ber., 115, 1705 (1982);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Dichloropropane is a byproduct in the production of epichlorohydrin (E582310), an important industrial chemical, is a bifunctional alkylating agent with the potential to form DNA cross-links.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Stratula, C., et al.: Revista. De. Chimie., 56, 677 (2005); Kaiser, E.W., et al.: J. Phy. Chem., 100, 9788 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nonadecane is a long chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon. Nonadecane is found in tar from coal and other forssil organic matter. Nonadecane is used as a fragrance agent in cosmetics and perfumes.<br>References Youtcheff, J.J. et al.: Org. Geochem., 5, 157 (1983): Etienne, J.J.: Riv. Ital. EPPOS, 15, 418 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-PENTEN-3-OL (cas# 616-25-1) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,​1,​1,​2-​Tetrachloroethane is a chlorinated hydrocarbon and used as a solvent for cellulose, acetate, fat, waxes, greases, rubber, and sulfur. It is a contaminant in groundwater. 1,​1,​1,​2-​Tetrachloroethane can also induce heptotoxicity.Environmental contaminants; food contaminants.<br>References Lorah, M. M., and Olsen, L. D. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33, 227 (1999); Zheng, R. D., et al.: J Dig Dis. 13, 321 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,4-Dimethoxybenzene is a useful chemical in organic synthesis.<br>References Digwal, Chander S., et al.: Asian J. of Org. Chem., 7(5), 865-869 (2018);Cai, Zhi-Bin, et al.: RSC Advances, 6(52), 46853-46863 (2016);Lin, Qi, et al.: Soft Matter, 13(39), 7222-7226 (2017)<br></p>