Amino Acids (AA)

<p>Impurity Verapamil EP Impurity K<br>Applications (Verapamil EP Impurity K)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Fluoro-4-methylphenylboronic Acid (cas# 170981-26-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)glycine (~90%) (cas# 5835-28-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamic acid 5-methyl ester is a protected form of L-Glutamic acid (G596960). L-Glutamic acid is a nonessential amino acid that is important to the mammalian central nervous system. L-Glutamic acid is also a neurotransmitter for cone photoreceptors in the human brain and is used as a treatment for patients who have liver disease accompanied by encephalopathy (a condition termed ‘hepatic coma’).<br>References Anderson, H., et al.: J. Nutr., 99, 82 (1969); Brandon, C. &amp; Lam, D.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 80, 5117 (1983); McDermott Jr, W., et al.: New Engl. J. Med., 253, 1093 (1955)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methyl-6-(methylamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2(1H)-one is a heterocyclic Triazine based building block useful in organic synthesis. It is related to 2-Amino-4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine (A616880), which is used to synthesize pesticides.<br>References Klein, J., et al.: J. AOAC Intrnational, 86, 1015 (2003); Pang, G., et al.: J. Chromat. A, 1125, 1 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Iohexol EP Impurity K<br>Applications 5-Amino-2,4,6-triiodoisophthalic Acid (Iohexol EP Impurity K) is an intermediate for nonionic iodinated X-ray contrast agents.<br></p>

<p>Applications D,L-β-Chloroalanine Methyl Ester Hydrochloride (cas# 33646-31-0) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-[(Benzyloxy)carbonyl]glycylglycine is a reagent in the synthesis of Glycylglycyl-L-tyrosine (G718500), which is a fungal tyrosinases and their capability to oxidize peptide-bound tyrosine residues is important in a view of applicability of tyrosinases.<br>References Bowness, J., et al.: Biochem. J., 53, 620 (1953), Cuff, M., et al.: J. Mol. Biol., 278, 855 (1998), Kubo, I., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 5349 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Indole-3-acetic-L-alanine is a derivative of the phytohormone indole-3-acetic acid (I577340) used in studies for the isolation and characterization of Arabdopsis thaliana mutants.<br>References Rampey, R.A., et al.: G3 (Bethesda), 3, 131-141 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Allo-isoleucine-d10 is a derivative compound of L-allo-isoleucine (A548200), which has been suggested to induce epithelial β-defensin expression. In addition, L-allo-isoleucine is utilized in the biosynthesis pathway for coronamic acid.<br>References Fehlbaum, P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 12723 (2000); Parry, R. J., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 1849 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methyl-5-nitrobenzenesulfonamide is a chemical reagent in the synthesis of good inhibitors of cancer-related carbonic anhydrase. Also used in the synthesis of novel deacetylase inhibitors used in anti-tumor therapy.<br>References Moeker, J. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 57, 3522 (2014); Han, L. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 22, 1529 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Applications Increased levels lead to hyperhomocysteinemia; a cardiovascular risk factor in prediction of coronary heart disease as well as being associated with congenital birth defects, pregnancy complications and cancer.<br>References Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003); Geisel, J. et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 41, 1513 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications Butyl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate (cas# 778-28-9) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Methyl-3,4-diphenylisoxazole is a reagent for the preparation of valdecoxib and valdecoxib analogues.<br>References Di Nunno, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 4881 (2004); Reddy, A. R., et al.: Synth. Commun., 42, 639 (2012); Huang, Y., et al.: Zhongguo Xiandai Yingyong, 26, 456 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Methyl-5-thiazoleethanol is used in the synthesis of novel HldE kinase inhibitors used against gram negative bacteria. Also used in the synthesis of potential antimalarial agents from bis-thiazolium analogues.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Desroy, N. et al.: J. Med. CHem., 56, 1418 (2013); Caldarelli, S. et al.: J. Med. CHem., 496, (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(methyl-d3)-1H-Indole-2,4,5,6,7-d5 is the labeled analogue of 3-Methylindole (M313470), a naturally abundant pneumotoxin, found primarily in mammalian feces providing its strong fecal odor; however in lower concentrations the compound has a pleasent aroma, giving orange blossoms and jasmine their pleasing scent. It is often a component of commercial fragrances and perfumes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Nakashima, T., et al.: Biol. Pharm. Bull., 32, 832 (2009), Xu, H., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 57, 321 (2009), Bodoor, K., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 52, 3753 (2009), Naskar, S., et al.: J. Chem. Res., 3, 174 (2009), Sollner, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 4319 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications E677525<br>References Shimizu, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 53, 313 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic Acid Mono 4-Methyloctan-1-ol Ester is a possible metabolite of the di(isononyl)cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate (DINCH) monoester (MINCH).<br>References Koch, H., et al.: Arch. Toxicol., 87, 799 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Glutamine (Alpha-15n, 98%) (cas# 80143-57-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetylglycine-d5 is an isotopic analog of N-Acetyl-glycine (A178260), a derivative of Glycine (G615990). It is an intermediate used to synthesize rac 3-O-Methyl DOPA (M303805) which is an impurity of Levodopa.<br>References Tabar, et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 33, 139 (1989), De Souza Silva, et al.: J. Neurochem., 68, 233 (1997), Feigin, A., et al.: Neurology, 57, 2083 (2001), Perera, A., et al.: J. Labelled Comp. Radiopharm., 46, 389 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cysteine is a non-essential amino acid that can be synthesized by the human body under normal physiological conditions if a sufficient quantity of methionine is available. Cysteine is commonly used as a precursor in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Cysteine is used as a processing aid for baking, as an additive in cigarettes, as well as in the preparation of meat flavours.<br>References Hui, N. et al.: Meat Sci. Appl., 74 (2001); Kiviharju, K. et al.: J. Biotechnol., 117, 299 (2005); Pecivova, P. et al.: J. Sci. Food Agric., 90, 1681 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Bromo-4'-methylpropiophenone (cas# 1451-82-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Methoxy-3,4-dihydro-1-naphthalenyl-acetonitrile (cas# 861960-34-1) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Fructose-histidine is an amadori compound formed in food.<br>References Wang, J., et al.: J. Mass Spec., 43, 262 (2008); Hashiba, H.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 24, 70 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methylpropylboronic Acid is used in the preparation of isocoumarin analogs as inhibitors of γ-secretase cleavage. Also used in the preparation of peptide boronc acid.<br>References Peuchmaur, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 1018 (2013); Roemmele, R. et al.: Org. Proc. Res. Devel., 17, 422 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Methyl-2-furoic Acid-d is a deuterated version of 3-Methyl-2-furoic Acid (M219553), a useful reactant in the synthesis of therapeutic agents.<br>References Dragovich, Peter S., et al.: Bioorg. &amp; Med. Chem. Let., 24(3), 954-962 (2014);Garcia-Barrantes, Pedro M., et al.: J. of Med. Chem., 58(20), 7959-7971 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Asparagine-d3 Hydrate is an isotope labelled L-Asparagine Hydrate, a naturally occurring amino acid that is not a essential for humans and can be synthesized from central metabolic pathway intermediates.<br>References Burda, P., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1426, 239 (1999); Yamane, H., et al.: Animal. Sci. J., 80, 286 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 3-Methylglutaconic acid is a glutarate which builds up in the urine in 3-methylglutaconic aciduria. 3-methylglutaconic aciduria is a term used to describe five different disorders that impair the functioning of energy-producing centers within cells (mitochondria)<br>References Walsh, R., et al.: J. Inherit. Metab. Dis., 22, 251 (1999); Gonzalez, I., et al.: Am J Med Genet A., 134, 409 (2005); MacKenzie, J., et al.: Biochim Biophys Acta., 1772, 509 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-5-ol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of tethered indoles as functionalizable ligands for estrogen receptor.<br>References Trogden, B.G., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 19, 485 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-(3-Methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)piperazine is an intermediate used to prepare nonracemic γ-bicyclic heteroarylpiperazine- and heteroarylpiperidine-substituted prolinylthiazolidines as selective and orally active dipeptidylpeptidase 4 inhibitors for use as antidiabetic agents.<br>References Yoshida, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 5705 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications (4-Hydroxyphenyl)glycine, is a key intermediate for the synthesis Cefpiramide (C243400), used as a β-lactam antibiotic.<br>References Xiao, R. Q., et al.: Guangzhou Huagong, 41, 111 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Alanine-d3 is the labeled analogue of L-Alanine (A481500), which is used to make in-vivo measurement of glucose and alanine metabolism in studies of patients with diabetes. L-Alanine is a non-essential amino acid for human development. L-Alanine is one of the 20 amino acids encoded by the genetic code.<br>References Bier, D.M. et al.: Diabetes, 26, 1005 (1977); Capaldo, B. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 71, 1220 (1990); Giacca, A. et al.: Diabetes, 47, 1763 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methylcaprolactam is a reagent that is used in the synthesis of 3-Chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone-13C5, which is a chlorinated furanone that accounts for more of the mutagenic activity of drinking water than any other disinfection byproduct.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Cbz-L-aspartic acid is an N-Cbz-protected form of L-Aspartic acid (A790024). L-Aspartic acid is a nonessential amino acid that is used to biosynthesize other amino acids within the human body. L-Aspartic acid also increases membrane conductance of mammalian neurons by voltage-dependent means, causing depolarization and nerve impulses that travel to key areas of the central nervous system.<br>References Anderson, H., et al.: J. Nutr., 99, 82 (1969); Honey, C., et al.: Neurosci. Lett., 61, 135 (1985); MacDonald, J., et al.: Brain Res., 237, 248 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-methoxy-3-methylaniline (cas# 136-90-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications Thiodiglycolic Acid-d4 acts as a reagent for the synthesis of metabolites of S-carboxymethyl-L-cysteine and S-methyl-L-Cysteine and of some isotoically labelled (2H, 13C) analogs.<br>References Meese, C. O., et al.: Archiv der Pharmazie, 323, 957 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Levothyroxine beta-Hydroxy Impurity / Levothyroxine beta-Hydroxy T4 Impurity<br>Applications It has been prepared for testing as possible antithyroid. It showed some thyromimetic activity.<br>References Wawzone, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 6, 442 (1963),<br></p>

<p>Applications p-Methoxytoluene is a building block that has been used as a reactant for the preparation of electrophilic fluorinating agents.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Baudoux, J., Cahard, D.: Org. Reactions, 69, 347 (2007)<br></p>

<p>Applications L-Tyrosine-13C9 ,15N is labelled analogue of L-Tyrosine (T899975), one of the 22 proteinogenic amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. L-Tyrosine is biologically converted from L-phenylalanine and is in turn is converted to L-DOPA and further converted into the neurotransmitters: dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine.<br>References Rasmussen D.D. et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 57, 760 (1983); Bagchi, S.P. et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 26, 900 (1977)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Methoxy-2-propanol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of 2-amino-3-carboxy-4-phenylthiophenes as novel atypical protein kinase C inhibitors. Also used as a reagent in the synthesis of Metolachlor (M338700); a selective pre-emergence herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Titchenell, P.M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 3034 (2013); Zhang, H.: Nongyao Kexue Yu Guanli, 32, 26 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Useful in the study of tyrosine-phosphorylation, which has been linked with the malignant transformation of cells by some RNA tumour viruses.<br>References Sefton, B.M., et al.: Cell, 20, 807 (1980), Erikson, R., et al.: Perspect. Virol., 11, 93 (1981), Lee, E-S, et al.: J. Org. Chem., 59, 2086 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbamoyl-guanidine Amidino Urea Salt, Hydrochloride salt (cas# 926-72-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Boc-L-glutamic Acid 5-Methyl Ester is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Isodesmosine Chloride Hydrate (Synthetic) (I815051), which is a component of elastin and also it is extremely hygroscopic and must be stored over a desiccant such as silica gel.<br>References Partridge, S., et al.: Nature, 209, 399 (1966)<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite common to all triazole fungicides: free triazole, 1,2,4-triazole (T), and its 2 conjugates: triazolylalanine (TA) and triazolylacetic acid (TAA).<br>References Hrudey, S., et al.: Water Sci. Technol., 20, 55 (1988), Froese, K., et al.: Water Res., 33, 1355 (1999), Hengel, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 50, 3412 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Methoxyresorcinol (cas# 2174-64-3) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications D-Lysine, HCl<br></p>

<p>Applications L-alloisoleucine is a stereo-isomer of L-isoleucine (I820175) and is produced as a byproduct of isoleucine via transamination.  L-allo-isoleucine has been suggested to induce epithelial β-defensin expression. In addition, L-allo-isoleucine is utilized in the biosynthesis pathway for coronamic acid.<br>References Fehlbaum, P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 12723 (2000); Parry, R. J., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 113, 1849 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Formyl-5-methylbenzoic Acid<br></p>

<p>Applications Glycyl-D-phenylalanine (cas# 34258-14-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Aminobutyl-d8 Guanidine is the labelled analog of the decarboxylation product of the amino acid arginine (A769500) and also an intermediate in polyamine biosynthesis.<br>References Golding, B.T., et al.: Biochem. Soc. Trans., 22, 391S (1994);<br></p>

<p>Applications (S)-2-Amino-4-[(3-aminopropyl)amino]-butanoic Acid is used in the reaction of carboxynorspermidine decarboxylase of Vibrio alginolyticus.<br>References Nakao, H., et al.: J. Gen. Microbiol. 136, 1699-704 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Methoxy-4-nitroaniline is a derivative of 4-Nitroaniline (N491770), which is used in the synthesis of photorefractive polymers, as novel chromophores in analytical study. As well, due to the absorption spectrum associated with 4-Nitroaniline, it is used to determine catechol derivatives in syntheses.<br>References Nagaraja, P. et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 25, 417 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl-DL-aspartic acid (cas# 2545-40-6) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>