Sustratos fluorogénicos

Resorufin acetate is a fluorogenic substrate for esterase activity measurments in lipid metabolism studies. It is also used as a substrate for chymotrypsin, a digestive enzyme produced by the pancreas that aids in protein digestion in the small intestine.

5-(Pentafluorobenzoylamino)fluoroscein di-b-D-galactopyranoside, commonly referred as PFB-FDG or PFB-FDGal, is a cell-permeable enzyme substrate for β-galactosidase used in live cell imaging assays. After cleavage, 5-(pentafluorobenzoylamino)fluorescein (PFB-F) is released, generating a green fluorescence (Em ~520 nm)) of a higher intensity than fluorescein. Its main use is for bacterial detection (e.g. E. coli LacZ assays), but also for flow cytometry analytical assays.

Caspase substrates are a class of pharmacological agents that regulate apoptosis. Caspases are proteases that cleave specific proteins in the cell, leading to apoptosis. Pro-apoptotic proteins activate caspases, while anti-apoptotic proteins inhibit them. Caspase substrates can be either pro-caspase or anti-caspase, depending on the desired effect. They may also be used to regulate caspases without affecting their activity. The caspase substrate is cleaved by caspases and releases a polypeptide fragment that triggers apoptosis in some cells, but not others. For example, the Hl-60 cell line is resistant to the pro-apoptotic effects of the substrate because it contains an anti-apoptotic protein called Bcl-2. In contrast, myocardial cells contain pro-apoptotic proteins and are sensitive to the pro-apoptotic effects of the substrate. In

Colchicine fluorescein is the fluorogenic form of colchicine. It is used for staining assembly of tubulin. Colchicine-site inhibitors (abbrevated as CBSIs) disrupt tubulin polymerization. Colchicine fluorescein serves as a probe to study the binding of colchicine to tubulin, as the colchicine binding site is a promising target for discovering novel antitumour agents.

This Clips-O substrate 7-(4'-L-Alaninamido)-rac-(3'-octanoyloxy)butyloxy) coumarin allows the detection of three enzymatic activities (L-alanine aminopeptidase, C8-esterase and oxidation of 4-amino-3-hydroxybutyloxy either enzymatically or by exposure to sodium periodate) with one single substrate and give a positive fluorescent signal only in presence of all activities. The main virtues of Clips-O substrates are an increased stability towards non-enzymatic hydrolysis that results in a reduced background and high sensitivity.

4-Methylumbelliferyl 3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-trifluoroacetamido-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate specifically designed for the detection and quantification of hexosaminidase enzymes. Upon cleavage by the target enzyme, it generates a bright fluorescent signal facilitating the investigation of enzyme activity, screening of inhibitors, and diagnostics.

6-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin is a fungicide that inhibits the growth of fungi by interfering with their DNA synthesis. It does this by inhibiting the activity of two enzymes: the fungal enzyme oxime and the enzyme cinerea, which is found in many fungi. 6-Chloro-7-hydroxy-4-(trifluoromethyl)coumarin has been shown to be effective against Alternaria and Botrytis cinerea. The compound also has an antifungal effect against other types of fungi, such as Penicillium roqueforti, when used in combination with a solvent such as ether.