Toxicología

<p>Applications Pranoprofen is an anti-inflammatory used in ophthalmology.<br>References Ayaki, M., et al.: Biocont. Sci., 15, 97 (2010); Lee, X., et al.: For. Toxicol., 28, 96 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Quinethazone is a thiazide diuretic used to treat hypertension.<br>References DeLuca, F.M.: Sett. Med., 54, 747 (1966); Dettli, L. et al.: Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci., 139, 471 (1966);<br></p>

<p>Applications An impurity of Zolpidem (Z650000).<br></p>

<p>Impurity Mometasone Furoate EP Impurity B<br>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications (11β,16α,17α)-9-Chloro-17-(2,2-dioxido-5H-1,2-oxathiol-4-yl)-17-[(2-furanylcarbonyl)oxy]-11-hydroxy-16-methyl-androsta-1,4-dien-3-one (Mometasone EP Impurity B) is an impurity of Mometasone Furoate, a topical corticosteroid used as an anti-inflammatory.<br>References Shapiro, E.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 30, 1581 (1987); Graft, D., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 98, 724 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluconazole EP Impurity D<br>Applications 2-Desfluoro Fluconazole (Fluconazole EP Impurity D) is an impurity of the antifungal agent Fluconazole (F421000).<br>References Ramesh, B. et al.: J. Pharm. Res., 4, 1401 (2011); Al-Rimawi, F.: Jor. J. Chem., 4, 357 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications A protected metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin.<br></p>

<p>Applications An anti-inflammatory and analgesic agent. Anesthetic (local).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Reynolds, et al.: Br. J. Anaesth., 43, 33 (1971), Tullar, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 14, 891 (1971), Aberg, G., et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 31, 273 (1972),<br></p>

<p>Applications Methyl Benzilate is a reactant in the synthesis of Trimethadione (T796155), an anticonvulsant and antiepileptic agent used in the treatment of pregnant women. Prenatal exposure to snti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) has indicated increased risk of major or minor congenital malformation.<br>References Pastore, V., et. al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 21, 841 (2013); Ahir, B. et al.: Toxicol. Vitro., 28, 948 (2014); Pastore, V. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 21, 841 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications ent-Lamivudine Triphosphate Triethylammonium Salt is a metabolite of Lamivudine (L172500), which is a potent nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Antiviral. Lamivudine has been used for treatment of chronic hepatitis B.<br>References Burgess, K., et al.: Chem. Rev., 100, 2047 (2000), Gallois-Montbrun, S., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 68, 1749 (2004); Morris, D.M., J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 12, 255 (1944), Nevens, B.F., et al.: Gastroenterology, 113, 1258 (1997), Perry, C.M., et al.: Drugs, 53, 657 (1977)<br></p>

<p>Applications Sedative, hypnotic.Controlled substance (depressant).<br>References Lomen, P., et al.: J. Int. Med. Res., 4, 55 (1976), Allens, G.S., et al.: J. Int. Med. Res., 6, 343 (1978), Pakes, G.E., et al.: Drugs, 22, 81 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aminopyralid is used as a herbicide for control weeds and arthropods.<br>References Mitich, L., et al.: Weed Technol., 14, 231 (2000), Berisford, Y., et al.: Weed Sci., 54, 391 (2006), Westra, P., et al.: Proc. Weed Sci. Soc. America, 49, 407 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Decapeptide LH-RH antagonist. Used in treatment of infertility.<br>References Strickley, R.G., et al.: Pharm. Res., 7, 530 (1990), Jung, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 3942 (1992), Rabinovici, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 75, 1220 (1992), Devroey, P., et al.: Hum. Reprod., 13, 3023 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Glutaurine Sodium Salt is the salt of Glutaurine (G597350) which has been observed to display antiepileptic effects with anti-amnesia properties. Mimics anxiolytic drug Diazepam (D416855).<br>References Bittner, S. et al.: Amino Acids., 28, 343 (2005); Uemura, S. et al.: Brain. res., 594, 347 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cetirizine EP Impurity G Dihydrochloride<br>Applications 4-(p-Chloro-α-phenylbenzyl)-1-piperazineethanol is used in the synthesis of antifungal triazole and imidazole derivatives. Impurity of an intermediate in the formation of Cetrizine.<br>References Rezaei, Z. et al.: Archiv. Pharm., 344, 658 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzyl Trisulfide is a secondary metabolite of Petiveria alliacea, on erythrocyte elasticity, relaxation time and membrane morphol. An antibacterial and antifungal agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Mohandas, N., et al.: Semin. Hematol., 20, 225 (1983), De Sousa, J., et al.: Phytochem., 29, 3653 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Moxifloxacin EP Impurity B<br>Applications Moxifloxacin (M745000) impurity B.<br>References Langlois, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 37, 389 (2005), Salem, M., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 54, 1625 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Fluazifop-d4 is a labeled analogue of (±)-Fluazifop (F407430), a grass-selective herbicide which inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase in sensitive plant species.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Walker, K.A., et. al.: Biochem. J., 254, 307 (1988); Hajslova, J., et. al.: J. Chrom., 438, 55 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled δ-Tocopherol. One of the naturally occurring forms of Vitamin E. Isolated from soybean oil.<br>References Emerson, et al.: Science, 83, 421 (1936), Bieri, J.G., et al.: J. Nutr., 104, 850 (1974), Jiang, Q., et al.: Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 74, 714 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Bromo-2-chlorophenol<br></p>

<p>Applications Alloxydim-sodium can be used to prepare methods and formulas for prevention of downward migration of agricultural materials, as well as, controlling of herbicide resistant or tolerant weeds.<br>References Essig, K., et.al., PCT Int. Appl., 84,(2020); Kraus, H., et.al., PCT Int. Appl., 75,(2019);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ropinirole-d7 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Ropinirole Hydrochloride (R641000), an antiparkinsonian agent. A selective dopamine D2-receptor agonist.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eden, R.J., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 38, 147 (1991); Rascol, O., et al.: Mov. Disord., 13, 39 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Amiodarone is a non-selective ion channel blocker. Antiarrhythmic (class III).<br>References Bonati, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 829 (1984); Plomp, T.A., Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 1 (1991); Chow, M., et al.: Ann. Pharmacother., 30, 637 (1996), Singh, B.N., et al.: Clin. Cardiol., 20, 608 (1997)<br></p>

<p>Applications Amfenac is an antibacterial agent for the treatment of otitis externa.<br>References Sofia, R.D., et al.: Pharmacol. Res. Communications, 11, 179 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications Flupyradifurone (F598615), the unlabelled version of Flupyradifurone-d5, can be used as an insecticide.<br>References Anon, IP.com J., 12, 19 (2011)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloramphenicol Succinate Sodium is a derivative of Chloramphenicol (C325030) which are broad spectrum antibiotic obtained from cultures of the soil bacterium Streptomyces venezuelae. It has a broad spectrum of activity against Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Antibacterial; antirickettsial.<br>References Bartz, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., et al.: 172, 445 (1948), Gottlieb, et al.: J. Bacteriol., 55, 409 (1948), Szulczewski, D., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 4, 47 (1975), Price, A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 118 (1981), Shalit, I., et al.: Drugs, 28, 281 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of Oseltamivir. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Williams, M., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 7, 1837 (1997),<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromacil is a compound used as an herbicide to control weeds in crop fields (such as pineapple fields). Bromacil is absorbed into the soil, and is utilized as the sole carbon source for soil microbes and degrades within 4 to 6 months of first application. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).Environmental toxin on US EPA Toxic Release Inventory list (TRI) list.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gerstl, Z. &amp; Yaron, B.: Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J., 47, 474 (1983); Leistra, M., et al.: Weed Res., 15, 243 (1975); Madhum, Y. &amp; Freed, V.: Chemosphere, 16, 1003 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Cefixime EP Impurity B Acetic Acid Salt is an impurity of the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Cefixime (C242800).<br>References Bian, L. et al.: Yao. Fen. Zaz., 30, 872 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications (4R,6S)-rel-5,6-Dihydro-4-hydroxy-6-methyl-4H-thieno[2,3-b]thiopyran-2-sulfonamide 7,7-Dioxide is used as a reactant in the preparation of Dorzolamide Hydrochloride (D535100), which is a carbonic anhydrase inhibitor; antiglaucoma agent.<br>References Lippa, E.A., et al.: Ophthalmology, 98, 308 (1991); Wang, R.-F., et al.: Arch. Ophthalmol., 109, 1297 (1991); Whikehart, D., et al.: J. Ocul. Pharmacol., 7, 195 (1991); Sjoquist, B., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 745 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Vismodegib targets the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway. Inhibition of the Hh signaling may be effective in the treatment and prevention of many types of human cancers. Potent Hedgehog inhibitor.<br>References Gupta, S. et al.: Ther. Advances in Med. Oncology 2,237(2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications LEE011 is an orally bioavailable and highly specific CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6) inhibitor. LEE011 in combination with LGX818 (a V600E BRAF specific inhibitor) or BYL719 (a PIK3CA specific inhibitor) leads to robust anti-tumor activity in melanoma and breast cancer tumor models.<br>References Kim, S., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 12, PR02 (2013); Rader, J., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 19, 6173 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Widely distributed in small amounts in plants. Used as an antioxidant and food preservative.<br>References Smart, M.G., et al.: Aust. J. Plant Physiol., 6, 485 (1979), Chen, C., et al.: J. Food Lipids, 2, 35,1995, Benzie, I., et al.: Anal. Biochem. 239, 70 (1996), Nardini, M., et al.: Food Chem., 79, 119 (2002), Lee, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 52, 2647 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane a synthetic organochlorine insecticide. 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane functions by opening sodium ion channels in the insects’ neurons, causing them to fire spontaneously which in turn leads to death. 4,4'-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane is banned for agricultural use in North America, it is still commonly used in some countries and particularly as a means of malaria control.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Balkew, M. et al.: Paras. Vect., 3, No pp. given (2010); Kikankie, C.K. et al.: Malaria J., 9, No pp. given. (2010); Battu, R.S. et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 78, 173 (1989);<br></p>