Toxicología

<p>Applications Isotope Labelled 1-Cyclopropyl-8-ethoxy-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid is an impurity in the synthesis of Moxifloxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Woodcock, J.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 101 (1997), Stass, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 2060 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin-d3, is the labeled analogue of N-Deschlorobenzoyl Indomethacin (D288845), a metabolite of Indomethacin (I641000).<br>References O'Brien, W., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 9, 94 (1968), Duggan, D., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 181, 563 (1972), Abourashed, E., et al.: Curr. Med. Chem., 6, 359 (1999), Chatterjee, P., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 62, 761 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of (R)-Linezolid, an enatiomeric impurity of Linezolid (L466500).<br>References Bednarek, E. et al.: J. Chrom. A, 1193, 164 (2008); Nirogi, R. et al.: J. Chrom. Sci., 46, 764 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Nitrophenylhydrazine Hydrochloride acts as a reagent in the preparation of isosteviol-fused pyrazolines and pyrazoles as potential anticancer agents, preparation of pyrazolobenzothiazines as inhibitors of hepatitis C virus replication.<br>References Zhu, S., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 65, 70 (2013); Barreca, M. L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 2270 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Butyl-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)oxirane is an impurity of Hexaconazole (H293555), a fungicide of the triazole class. Hexaconazole has a broad spectrum antifungal activity and is commonly used in the control of apple, coffee and peanut diseases.<br>References Brown, M.C. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pest. Dis., 1, 229 (1988); Gozzo, F. et al.: Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 40, 68 (1991)<br></p>

<p>Applications Mucochloric Acid is an intermediate product of the herbicide Burex that can cause poisioning and skin damage upon exposure. Mucochloric Acid is also a chlorine disinfection byproduct in drinking water with mutagenic activity.<br>References Kolesar, D. et al.: Bratsilav. Lek. Listy, 64, 132 (1978); Romancik, V.E.: Ces.-Slov. Hyd., 21, 319 (1976); Jansson, K. et al.: Environ. Mol. Mutagen., 25, 284 (1995);<br></p>

<p>Applications Sesamol-d2 is the isotope labelled analog of Sesamol (S280600), which is a natural component of sesame oil with antioxidant activity. Sesamol has potential protective effects against free radicals as well as some antifungal activity. Sesamol can also be used as an intermediate in the preparation of antidepressants such as Paroxetine (P205750).<br>References Kim, J.Y. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 3460 (2003); Toshiko, O.: New Food Indust., 33, 1 (1991); Wynn, J.P. et al.: Lipids, 32, 605 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled fluorinated quinolone antibacterial. An enantiomer of Levofloxacin (L360000).<br>References Hwangbo, H.J. et al.: Eur. J. Pharmac. Sci., 18, 197 (203); Gascon, A.R. et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol, 40, 869 (2000); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 346 (1987); Drlica, K., Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 2, 504 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Desmethyl Quinine Hydrobromide, is a salt form of O-Desmethyl Quinine (D292145), a metabolite of Quinine (Q694000).<br>References Small, D.L., et al.: J. Chem. Med., 22, 1014 (1979), Guentert, T.W., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 7, 31 (1982), Rakhir, A., et al.: J. Pharmacokinet. Biopharm., 12, 1 (1984), Christie, D.J., et al.: J. Lab. Clin. Med., 112, 92 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Lopinavir O-β-D-Glucuronide is a metabolite of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications O-Ethyl O-Phenyl S-Propyl Phosphorothioate is an organophosphates pesticide/insecticide. A pesticide in herbal medicines.<br>References Nie, C., et al.: Jingxi Huagong Zhongjianti, 38, 59 (2008); Bi, F., et al.: Huaxue Gongye Yu Gongcheng, 18, 156 (2001); Ivashina, S. A.: Gigiena i Sanitariya, 11, 76 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications 21-O-Acetyl Allo-3α-tetrahydro Cortisol 3-(2’,3’,4’-Tri-O-acetyl)-β-D-Glucuronide methyl ester is a Cortisol derivative. A potential corticoid metabolite. a<br>References Okihara, R. et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 58, 344 (2010); Hosoda, H. et al.; Chem. Pharm. Bull. 32, 4023 (1984)<br></p>

<p>Applications 20(3'-Oxo-caspofungin) Triflate Salt is derived from Pneumocandin B0 (P645300), which is the major analogue of a family of lipopeptides isolated from several species of several different genera, such as Cryptosporiopsis, Glarea and Pezicula. Pneumocandin B0 is a potent antifungal and acts by inhibition of the synthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan, an essential component of the cell wall of susceptible fungi.<br>References Schwartz, R., et al.: J. Antibiot., 45, 1853 (1992); Petersen, L., et al.: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 62, 263 (2003), Petersen, L., et al.: Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 62, 263 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,4-Dimethoxybenzenesulfonyl Chloride is used in the synthesis of aryl sulfonamides as selective carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rosatelli, E., et. al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 3422 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Sodium Methanesulfonate-d3,13C is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Methanesulfonyl Chloride-d3,13C (M258847), which is a labeled analogue of Methanesulfonyl Chloride (M258845). Methanesulfonyl Chloride used in the synthesis of phosphodiesterase 9A Inhibitors, used in treatments for Alzheimer’s disease. It is also used in the preparation of sulfonamide derivatives showing antibacterial activity.<br>References Reddy, N. et al.: J. Chem. Sci., 124, 723 (2012); Claffey, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 9055 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-epi Emtricitabine is an epimer of Emtricitabine (E525000), a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor approved for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1, and also has antagonistic activity against the hepatitis B virus. 5-epi Emtricitabine is also used as a reagent for the synthesis of β-L-(2R,5S)- and α-L-(2R,5R)-1,3-oxathiolane-pyrimidine and -purine nucleosides as potential HIV agents.<br>References Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993); Lim, S. et al.: Arch. Intern. Med., 166, 49 (2006); Smith, K., et al.: AIDS, 23, 1547 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3'-Deoxyadenosine 5’-(2,2,2-Trifluoroacetic Phosphoric Anhydride) is an intermediate in the synthesis of 3'-Deoxyadenosine 5’-Triphosphate Triethylamine Salt (D232070), a salt form of 3'-Deoxyadenosine 5’-Triphosphate(D232070). 3'-Deoxyadenosine 5’-Triphosphate is a nucleotide and was shown to inhibit the replication of hepatitis C virus in human hepatoma cells.<br>References Arnold, Jamie J., et al.: PLoS Pathogens, 8(11), e1003030 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Deschloroacetylmetolachlor Propanol is a pesticide that is detected in drinking water.<br>References Hladik, Michelle L. et al., Water Research. 42, 4905-4914(2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications An aminopyridine derivative with potential herbicidal activity.<br>References Xiao, Y. et al.: Nongyao, 42, 15 (2003);<br></p>

<p>Applications Gabapentin Lactam-d6, is the labeled analogue of Gabapentin Lactam (G117275), that reduces protein aggregates and improves motor performance in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington’s disease. It opens mitochondrial ATP-dependent potassium channels.<br>References Zucker, B.,et al.: Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol., 370, 131 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Clonidine is an α2-Adrenergic agonist. Antihypertensive; analgesic for neuropathic pain.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Roach, A.G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 227, 421 (1983); Glassman, A.H., et al.: Science, 226, 864 (1984); Abounassif, A.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 21, 109 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Oxacilloilyl (+)-6-Aminopenicillanic Acid Disodium Salt is a derivative of Oxacillin which is used as an antibiotic related to Penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971);<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Hydroxy Albaconazole-d3, is the labeled analogue of 6-Hydroxy Albaconazole (H761395), a metabolite of Albaconazole (H761395), an antifungal agent as neuroprotectant.<br>References Pujol, I., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 39, 163 (1997), Gilgado, F., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 43, 4930 (2005), Raad, I., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 42, 1398 (2006), Nucci, M., et al.: Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 20, 695 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Biggs, S., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 299, 83 (1996), Mannisto, P., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 51(4), 593 (1999), Fisher, A., et al.: Neuroscience, 95(1), 97 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications A cyclopropyldipyridodiazepinone derivative for use as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors.<br>References Couture, R., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 429, 161 ( 2001), Kuduk, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 47, 6439 (2004), Feng, D., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 15, 2385 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Prothioconazole S-Glucuronide is derived from Prothioconazole (P838830), which is an antifungal metabolite used in agricultural fungicides and herbicides.<br>References Aristimuno Ficoseco, M.E., et al.: Nat. Prod. Res (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Stearoyl Ethanolamide-d4 is the labelled analogue of Stearoyl Ethanolamide (S686608), which is a prolific fatty acid ethanolamide produced by PLD hydrolysis of membrane phospholipids.<br>References Kasatkina, L. A., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol. 174, 113783 (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications A Quinidine labelled metabolite.<br>References Small, D.L., J. Chem. Med., 22,1014 (1979), Guentert, T.W., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 7, 31 (1982), Chang, Y.F., et al.: Neurochem. Res., 13, 455 (1988),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetrabromobisphenol S Dimethyl Ether-d6 is the isotope labelled analog of Tetrabromobisphenol S Dimethyl Ether (T291115); a useful insecticide against house flies and sugar beet aphids. Also found in coating mixtures used for fireproofing of polyester fibers.<br>References Pisanenko, D. A., et al.: Vestn. Kievskogo Politekhnicheskogo Instituta Khimicheskoe Mashinostroenie i Tekhnologiya, 25, 79 (1988); Tomita, M., et al. Fireproofing of polyester fibers and their blends. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho. JP 54006996 A 19790119. Jan 19, 1979<br></p>

<p>Applications (R)-6,7,8-Trifluoro-1,4-dihydro-1-(2-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid Ethyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Ofloxacin (O245750), an fluorinated quinolone based antibacterial agent.<br>References Mitscher, L. A., et la.: J. Med. Chem., 30, 2283 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Applications trans-Methacrifos is used as a pesticide used to protect crops and vegetation.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tigar, B. et al.: Pest. Sci., 25, 175 (1989);<br></p>

<p>Applications Asomate is an organoarsenic fungicide used for various agricultural goods. Research has shown that arsenic pollution manifested permanently and extensively when asomate was used continuously in apple orchard.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhao, Z.Y., et al.: Xuanyi. Xueboa., 34, 117 (2007); Kim, N., et al.: Food. Sci. Biotechnol., 14, 554 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Miconazole-d5 Nitrate (2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy-d5) (CAS# 1398065-80-9) is the labelled version of Miconazole Nitrate (M342500(P)), which is an anti-fungal. Miconazole Nitrate’s corrosion inhibition performance has been studied with 5083 aluminum alloy.<br>References Godefroi, E.F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 12, 784 (1969); Brugmans, et al.: Arch. Dermatol., 102, 428 (1970); Heel, R.C., et al.: Drugs, 19, 7 (1980); Zhang, T., et al.: Corros. Sci., 176, 108930 (2020)<br></p>

<p>Applications 17β-Estradiol 2-Acetate is an intermediate in synthesizing Estradiol Valerate Impurity I (E888865), a derivative of Estradiol (E888000) and Estradiol 17-Valerate (E888860) which is an estrogen.<br>References Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986); Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Atraton is a toxic herbicide and an environmental contaminants.<br>References Lu, Y. C., et al.: Chemosphere, 165, 487 (2015); Dong, X., et al.: Soil Sediment Contam., 24,573 (2015); Gonzalez-Cadena, J., et al.: Sustainable Environment Research, 23, 253 (2013)<br></p>