Toxicología

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of L-Carnitine (C184110).<br>References Millington, D., et al.: J. Inherit. Metab. Dis., 13, 321 (1990), Chace, D., et al.: Clin. Chem., 49, 1797 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled rac-Nicotine (N412420). Nicotine is an alkaloid isolated from plants. Nicotine is an active stimulant, having both addictive and carcinogenic properties. Nicotine can be absorbed through the alimentary canal, respiratory tract and intact skin. Nicotine is used in the treatment of smoking withdrawal syndrome. Nicotine has been used as an anthelmintic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Guillen, M., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 53, 1093 (2005), Alburges, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 573, 124 (2007), Roy, K., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 44, 1941 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenoprofen is a positive allosteric modulators at melanocortin receptor 3 for treatment of inflammatory diseases in human and mouse model.<br>References Montero-Melendez, T., et al.: Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 74, 1335 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cyproheptadine is a first-generation antihistamine with additional anticholinergic, antiserotonergic, and local anesthetic properties. Cyproheptadine is a 5-HT2/5-HT1C serotonin receptor antagonist; H1 histamine receptor antagonist; antipruritic.<br>References Marchei, E., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 41, 1633 (2006); de-Benedictis, F., et al.: Allergy, 63, 1395 (2008); Feas, X., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 50, 1044 (2009); Yu, C., et al.: Talanta, 2011, 83, 1376 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Naphthylacetic acid can be used to synthesize hydrolase inhibitors. It can also be utilized for developing γ-dipeptide derivatives that can bind human somatostatin receptors.<br>References Tarzia, G., et al.: J. Med. Chem. 46, 2352 (2003); Seebach, D., et al.: Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 42, 776 (2003)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Acetamide (A133060) which is often used as plasticizer and as industrial solvent (1). It can also be used for the transamidation of carboxamides in 1,4-dioxane in the absence of a catalyst (2) . Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br>References 1. Ma, X. et al.: Carb. Polym. 2004 Aug:57(2):197-2032. Vanjari, R. et al.: Tetrahedron. Lett. 2013 MayL54(20):2553-5<br></p>

<p>Applications Acrivastine is an allergy medication that is histamine H2 antagonists.<br>References Manna, V.K., et al.: J. Int. Med. Res., 20, 106 (1992);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 4-Hydroxyestradiol 4-O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt, is a glucuronide derivative of 4-Hydroxy-17β-estradiol (H941895); a metabolite of Estradiol (E888000) which is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.<br>References Bucala, R., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 60, 841 (1985); Telang, N., et al.: Anticancer Res., et al.: 11, 1021 (1991); Seeger, H., et al.: Med. Sci. Res., 26, 481 (1998); Bolton, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 13, 135 (2000); Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986); Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications Cortisol 21-m-Maleimidobenzoate is a derivative of Cortisol which is a topical corticosteroid (1), more specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland (2). Cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis (3); suppress the immune system; and aid in fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications EPTC is a pesticide, S-Ethyl-N,N-dipropylthiocarbamate<br></p>

<p>Applications An isotopically labelled version of Valsartan (V095750), a nonpeptide angiotensin II AT1-receptor antagonist. Antihypertensive.<br>References Criscione, L., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 110, 761 (1993), Muller, P., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 47, 231 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications (Z)-Hexadec-11-en-1-ol is a pheromone antagonist that regulates optimal mating time in moth Helicoverpa armigera.<br>References Chang, H., et al.: Curr. Biol., 27, 1610 (2017); Du, M., et al.: Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol., 87, 154 (2017)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An alpha agonist, causing constriction of conjunctival blood vessels. Used in over-the-counter eye drops, this compound relieves the redness left by ocular irritants.<br>References Marrero-Ponce, Y., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 13, 2881 (2005), Sandri, G., et al.: Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm., 62, 59 (2006), Rosenthal, R., et al.: J. Ocular Pharmacol. Ther., 22, 440 (2007), Sabio, S., et al.: J. App. Oral Sci., 16, 280 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Antiarrhythmic (class IA). Sodium channel blocker.<br>References Adelstein, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 16, 309 (1973), Czeisler, J.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 74, 750 (1985), Taylor, E.H., et al.: Ann. Clin. Lab. Sci., 16, 289 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenbuconazole is a conazole based fungicide used as a spray for the control of leaf spot, yellow and brown rust, powdery mildew and net blotch on wheat and barley and apple scab, pear scab and apple powdery mildew on apples and pears.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Reiss, R., et al.: Food. Chem. Toxicol., 50, 4421 (2012); Loos, M. et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 46, 9830 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Loperamide, which is used as an antidiarrheal.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Stokbroekx, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 1, 782 (1973), Carter, J.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 19, 341 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorophenylamine-13C6 (cas# 89059-39-2) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Isopropyl quaternary salt of Atropine. Nonselective muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist; bronchodilator.<br>References Groeben, H., et al.: Anesthesiology, 85, 867 (1996), Haddad, et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 127, 413 (1999), Barnes, P. J., et al.: Chest, 117, 63S (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications δ-Ketoendrin is an isomerization product of Endrin (E555530), a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide that produces hepatic and neurologic toxicity. Endrin is also known to produce hyperexcitability of the human central nervous system that could result in convulsions. δ-Ketoendrin is an endocrine disrupting compound that has been found in human fetal and newborn tissues.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Burton, W.B., Pollard, G.E.: B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 12, 113 (1974); Bagchi, M., et al.: Arch. Env. Contam. Toxicol., 23, 1 (1992); Coble, Y., et al.: JAMA, 202, 489 (1967); Eisler, R. &amp; Edmunds, P.: Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 95, 153 (1966); Cappiello, A., et. al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 406, 2779 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-Isopropylphenyl Methylcarbamate is a potential human-safe insecticide against the malaria mosquito.<br>References Hartsel, J. A., et al.: Bioorg. Medicinal Chem. Lett., 22, 4593 (2012); Naik, P. K., et al.: SAR QSAR Environ. Res., 20, 551 (2009); Shang, Z., et al.: Nongyaoxue Xuebao, 2, 17 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications (5Z)-rel-Cloprostenol Sodium Salt is the d-enantiomer of Cloprostenol (C587300), an aryl-oxymethyl analog of prostaglandin F2α.<br>References Gumen, A., et al.: J. Animal. Sci., 56, 279 (2011); Leterlier, C.A., et al.: Reproduct. Domestic. Animals., 46, 481 (2011); Martins, J.P.N., et al.: J. Diary. Sci., 94, 2815 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Coproporphyrin III-15N4 Tetramethyl Ester is a methyl ester derivative of Coproporphyrin III-15N4. Coproporphyrin I and III Tetramethyl Ester are nutritional requirements for the development of N. brasiliensis egg to third stage larvae. Coproporphyrin I and III Tetramethyl Ester are tetrapyrrole compounds excreted by Rhodobacter sphaeroides.<br>References Lida, K. et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 55, 1067 (2007); Bolla, R. et al.: Comp. Biochem. Physiol. Part B, 48, 147 (1974)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Labelled Thiamethoxam (T344180). A neonicotinoid insecticide. Reports show that when exposed to neonicotinid pesticides honeybees have probelms returnign home after foraging and bumblebee colonies grow poorly and produce fewer queens. Used in Cannabis testing.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oliver, J., et al.: J. Environ. Horticult., 28, 135 (2010), Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Entomol. Res., 34, 35 (2010), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Permethrinic Acid Methyl Ester is an impurity of the insecticide Permethrin (P288500), which is synthetic pyrethroid insecticide with low mammalian toxicity. Permethrinic Acid Methyl Ester is also used as a reactant in preperation of β-ketoesters via sodium hydroxide catalyzed crossed Claisen condensation of ketene silyl acetals and methyl esters.<br>References Elliott, M., et al.: Nature, 246, 169 (1973); Nowell, L., et al.: Sci Total Environ, 476-477, 144 (2014); Iida, A., et al.: Chem Commun (Camb), 25, 3171 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Ammelide (A633650), which is a metabolite of Melamine (1) (M208700), which acts as a non-protein nitrogen food additive (2). Also present in pet foods as well (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br>References 1. Mast R. et al.: Food Chem Toxicol. 1983 Dec;21(6):807-10. 2. Ehling S. et al.: Food Addit. Contam. 2007 Dec;24(12):1319-25.3. Vail T. et al.: J Anal Toxicol. 2007 Jul-Aug;31(6):304-12.<br></p>

<p>Applications An isotopically labelled metabolite of halopropanes; also the metabolite of 2 glycosylnitrosoureas (RFCNU and RPCNU).<br>References Madelmont, J.C., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 10, 662 (1982), Barr, D.B., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 22, 96 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyrasulfotole (P847008) is a 4-hydroxyphenylppvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitor herbicide, used in controlling post-emergence weeds in small grains cultures.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br></p>

<p>Applications Cefprozil Monohydrate (cas# 121123-17-9) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Cinitapride Tartrate is the salt analogue of Cinitapride (C441990), a novel prokinetic benzamide-stimulating gastrointestinal motility agent and antiucer agent. It acts as an agonist of the 5-HT1 and 5-HT4 receptors and as an antagonist of the 5-HT2 receptors.<br>References Alarcon de la Lastra, C. et al.: Pharmacol, 54, 193 (1997); Robert, M. et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 35, 1149 (2007); Alarcon de la Lastra, C. et al.: Inflam. Res., 47, 131 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications β'-Phenyl Fentanyl is a potent analgesic and a derivative compound of the controlled substance Fentanyl (F274990). Fentanyl Analog.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhu, Y., et al.: Yaoxue Xuebao, 16, 199 (1981); Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995); Bot, G., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exper. Therap., 285, 1207 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Dimethachlor Oxalic Acid is a pesticide metabolite that is a pollutant found in untreated wastewater, surface water, and groundwater.<br>References Hollender, J., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 43, 7862 (2009); Huntscha, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1268, 74 (2012); Reemtsma, T., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1271, 95 (2013); Neale, P., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 576, 785 (2017);<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite of the pesticide Glyphosphate (G765000).<br>References Siehl, D.L. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 282, 11446 (2007); Env. Prot. Agen. EPA: Fed. Reg., 74, 67129 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications Zeatin, purified from Zea mays, is a member of the cytokinin group of plant growth factors, the activity of which is attributed to its more stable trans form. Trans-Zeatin inhibits UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-1 expression via MAP kinase signaling in human skin fibroblasts. Trans-Zeatin is a potential agent for the management of skin photoaging.<br>References Murashige, T., et al.: Physiol. Plant, 15, 473 (1962), Brenneisen, P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 273, 5279 (1998), Choi, M., et al.: J. Dermatol. Sci., 46, 127 (2007), Bae, J., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 1298 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Labelled Atropine. Mydriatic; antispasmodic; used in preanesthetic medication.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Brown, R.V., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 15, 170 (1960), Shutt, L.E., et al.: Anaesthesia, 34, 476 (1979), Hinderling, P.H., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 74, 703 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Stability Air Sensitive<br>Applications 4,5-Dichloro-2-octyl-3(2H)-isothiazolone (cas# 64359-81-5) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Stability Air sensitive, Material darkens in storage with no loss in purity<br>Applications Aniline is used in the manufacture of dyes, medicinals, resins, varnishes, perfumes, as a vulcanizing rubber or even as a solvent (1,2). Hazardous and noxious substance which affects the early life stages of marine animals (3). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants. Dyes and metabolites, Environmental Testing.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Barkov, A. et al.: Russ. Chem. Bull. 2012. Aug:61(8) pp1564-92. Zhang, X. et al.: Synthesis. 2013 45(10): 1357-13633. Cunha, I. et. al.: Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2017 Mar 10.<br></p>

<p>Applications An antitumor agent which also acts as a chemosterilant for male houseflies and other insects. Antineoplastic.<br>References Chang, S.C., et al.: Science, 144, 57 (1964), Ames, M.M., et al.: Cancer Res., 39, 5016 (1979), D’Incalci, M., et al.: Br. J. Cancer, 41, 630 (1980),<br></p>

<p>Applications Analgesic (narcotic). Preparation by electrolytic reduction of Morphine.Controlled substance (opiate).<br>References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941), Zernig, G., et al.: Life Sci., 57, 2113 (1995), Keith, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19021 (1996), Pawar, M., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 563, 92(2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Carbapenem is an antibiotic and antibacterial.<br>References Sunagawa, M., et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 519 (1990), Hurst, M., et al.: Drugs, 59, 653 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel labelled HIV reverse transcriptase inhibitor useful in treatment of HIV infection.<br>References Scholler-Gyure, M., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 48, 322 (2008), Thakur, A., et al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 43, 471 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Dexketoprofen Trometamol is an non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used for the treatment of mild to moderate pain.<br>References Gokce, B., et al.: J. Enzyme. Inhibit. Med. Chem., 27, 37 (2012); Sagiroglu, G., et al.: Eurosian. J. Med., 43, 23 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications An inhibitor of proliferation and supresses gene expression in bladder smooth muscle cells.<br>References Park, J.M., et al.: J. Urol., 162, 1110 (1999), Watson, M., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 127, 590 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Decarboxymethylated Indoxacarb is used in HPLC determination of DCJW in rat plasma and also has its application to pharmacokinetics studies<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Zhang. H., et al.: Chromatographia, 66, 493 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Propafenone-d5 Hydrochloride is labelled Propafenone which is a sodium channel blocker.<br>References Hollmann, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 33, 763 (1983), Bryson, H. M., et al.:Drugs, 45, 85 (1993), Rae, A. P., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 82, 59N (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications A carnitine ester which was tested for its ability to inhibit protein kinase C (PKC).<br>References Sakata, K., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 23, 505 (1989), Fulceri, R., et al.: Biochem. J., 325, 423 (1997), Yu, L., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 286, 1 (998),<br></p>