Toxicología

<p>Applications A related labelled impurity of Albuterol (A514500) (Salbutamol) (EP).<br>References Price, A., et al.: Drugs, 38, 77 (1989), Beaulieu, N., et al.: J. Pharm. Biom. Anal., 8, 583 (1990), Sagar, K., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 11, 533 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-carbamoylformimidamide Tritosulfuron is a metabolite of Tritosulfuron (T886903) is a sulfonylurea herbicide found in in ground, surface and wastewater.<br>References Fenoll, J., et al.: Talanta, 101, 273 (2012); Huntscha, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1268, 74 (2012); Reemtsma, T., et al.: Water Res., 47, 5535 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Tyrosol 3-Sulphate is a metabolite of Hydroxy Tyrosol (H977000).<br>References Owen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer., 36, 1235 (2000), Bakalbassis, E., et al.: Lipids, 36, 181 (2001), Nenadis, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1874 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications LEE011 is an orally bioavailable and highly specific CDK4/6 (cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6) inhibitor. LEE011 in combination with LGX818 (a V600E BRAF specific inhibitor) or BYL719 (a PIK3CA specific inhibitor) leads to robust anti-tumor activity in melanoma and breast cancer tumor models.<br>References Kim, S., et al.: Mol. Cancer Ther., 12, PR02 (2013); Rader, J., et al.: Clin. Cancer Res., 19, 6173 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Carbamazepine (C175840). Used in treatment of pain associated with trigeminal neuralgia. Anticonvulsant.<br>References Stenger, E.G., et al.: Med. Exp., 11, 191 (1964), Pynnonen, S., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 1, 409 (1979), Sidebottom, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharm. Ther., 20, 31 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Applications Metriram is a polymeric dithiocarbamic fungicide used in agriculture. Metiram is present as a mixture rather than a complex and is not assigned an ISO name. Metiram is used commonly in the protection of grapevines, apples, tomatoes, potatoes as well as other crops.<br>References Golyshin, N.M&gt; et al.: Khim. Sel. Khoz., 4, 897 (1965); Ross, R.G. et al.: Can. J. Plant Sci., 58, 601 (1978); Newsome, W.H. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 24, 999 (1976);<br></p>

<p>Applications Aziprotryne is a pesticide.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic, related to sisomicin. Antibacterial.<br>References Miller, G.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 10, 827 (1976), Raab, W., et al.: Adv. Clin. Pharmacol., 15, 91 (1978), Noone, P., et al.: Drugs, 27, 548 (1984),<br></p>

<p>Applications Xiaochongliulin is used in methods and formulations for preventing downward migration of agricultural materials.<br>References Essig, Kenneth J., et al.: PCT Int. Appl.,(2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications Oxyisofenphos is a stable degredation product of Isofenphos, a soil insecticide.<br>References Felsot, A.: J. Environ. Sci. Health. B, B19, 13 (1984); Hsin, C.Y., Coats, J.R.: Pestic. Biochem. Phys., 25, 336 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled S-Enantiomer of Pregabalin (P704790). A GABA analogue used as an anticonvulsant. Anxiolytic analgesic used to treat peripheral neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia.<br>References Taylor, C.P., at al.: Epilepsy Res., 14, 11 (1993), Field, M.J., et al.: Pain, 80, 391 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A vitamin needed to synthesize DNA, conduct DNA repair and methylate DNA, it also acts as a cofactor in biological reactions involving folate.<br>References Xu, L., et al.: Mol. Pharm., 7, 1311 (2010), Everette, J., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 8139 (2010), Alshatwi, A., et al.: Food, Chem., Toxicol., 48, 1881 (2010), McKay, D., et al.: Nut. J., 9 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Stearalkonium chloride. A compound used in products for promoting skin cleanliness and health.<br>References Lin, J., et al.: Biotechnol. Bioeng., 83, 168 (2003), Gabriel, M., et al.: Bioconjug. Chem., 17, 548 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Topical anti-infective<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Kim, S., et al.: Food Sci., Biotechnol., 17, 971 (2008), Mary, G., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 56, 888 (2008), Noda, Y., et al.: Int. J. Pharm., 372, 85 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Aprepitant-d4 is a labeled analogue of Aprepitant (A729800), A novel selective neurokinin-1 (NK-1) receptor antagonist. In vitro studies using human liver microsomes indicate that Aprepitant is metabolised primarily by CYP3A4 with minor metabolism by CYP1A2 and CYP2C19, and no metabolism by CYP2D6, CYP2C9, or CYP2E1. Aprepitant-d4 is a potential treatment for chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting.<br>References Hale, J.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 4607 (1998); Campos, D., et al.: J. Clin. Oncol., 19, 1759 (2001); Van Belle, S., et al.: Cancer, 94, 3032 (2002); Majumdar, A.K., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 291 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tropisetron-d5, is the labeled analogue of Tropisetron Hydrochloride (T892700), which is specific serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonist. It is also an antiemetic.<br>References Richardson, B.P., et al.: Nature, 316, 126 (1985), Williams, F.M., et al.: J. Cardiovasc. Pharmacol., 7, 550 (1985), Waeber, C., et al.: Neuroscience, 31, 393 (1989), Seynaeve, C., et al.: Anti-Cancer Drugs, 2, 343 (1991), Fischer, V., et al.: Dug Metab. Dispos., 20, 603 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Acetylmethadol Hydrochloride is a synthetic opioid similar in structure to Methadone (M225865, HCl) used in the treatment of opiate dependence. It acts as a μ-opioid receptor agonist. It also acts as a potent, noncompetitive α3β4 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist.<br>References Billings, R.E., et al.: Life Sci., 14, 1437 (1974); Galici, R., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 81, 626 (2005); Xiao, Y., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 299, 366 (2001)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tebufenpyrad is a pyrazole acaricide and insecticide commonly used in commercial greenhouses.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tomera, J., et al.: J. Food Sci. Technol., 10, 129 (1999), Zhang, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 57, 4019 (2009), Cus, F., et al.: Food Control., 21, 1512 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Diquat Monopyridone Bromide, is an metabolite of Diquat (D492900) a contact herbicide used also to produce desiccation and defoliation.<br>References Fuke, C., et al.: Legal. Med., 4, 156 (2002); Ameno, K., et al.: J. Liq. Chorma., 18, 2115 (1995); Brian, et al.: Nature, 181, 446 (1958); Gaines, T.B., et al.: Fundam. Appl. Toxicol., 7, 299 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications An antibacterial agent.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Piipari, R., et al.: Clin. Exp. Allergy, 28, 358 (1998), Kanerva, L., et al.: Contact Dermatitis, 44, 193 (2001), Frauen, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 25, 965 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Phthalimide-d4 is the isotope labelled analog of Phthalimide (P384550); a reagent used to transform allyl- and alkyl halides into protected primary amines. Phthalimide analogues have been extensively used in medicinal chemistry owing to their wide spectrum of applications as anti-convulsant, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hypolipidimic and immunomodulatory activities.<br>References Sharma, U., et al.: Med. Chem., 10, 678 (2010); Reddy, P.Y., et al.: J. Org. Chem., 62, 2652 (1997); Le, Z.G., et al. Synthesis., 208 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications Deuterated Zolpidem, a selective non-benzodiazepine GABAA receptor agonist. Sedative, hypnotic. Controlled substance (depresssant).<br>References Arbilla, S., et al.: Arch. Pharmacol., 330, 248 (1985), Cashman, J.N., et al.: Brit. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 21, 205 (1986)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxydiazinon is an organophosphorus pesticide.<br>References Xu, H.: Shijie Nongyao, 29, 42 (2007).<br></p>

<p>Applications Tetraoctyltin was coupled to C-H bonds of 2-aryl- and 2-benzyl-substituted 4,4-​dimethyl-​2-​oxazolines and pyridines to give the benzene ring-​alkylated products in good yields by using 5 mol % Pd(OAc)​2 as the catalyst.<br>References Chen, X., et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 128, 78 (2006).<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chlorophenylamine is an organic chemical reagent and precursor in the synthesis of various drugs and dyestuffs. It is a building block and a degredation product of Chlorhexidine (C335045), an antiseptic as well as azo dyes and pigments in printing and textiles.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Leucea, D. et al.: Ind. Text., 61, 304 (2010); Below, H. et al.: Microchim. Acta 146, 129 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nelfinavir Mesylate is an antiviral. HIV protease inhibitor. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Patick, A.K., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 292 (1996), Bardsley-Elliot, G.L., et al.: Drugs, 59, 581 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Hawkinsin is a urinary metabolite from the rare disorder of tyrosine metabolism, known as Hawkinsinuria; Also, it is derived from 4-Hydroxyphenylacetic Acid (H949060), which is a compound present in olive oil. An important fine chemical intermediate with broad prospects for application development.<br>References Gomez-Ospina, N., et al.: J. Inherit. Metab. Dis., 39, 821-829 (2016); Shu, Y., et al.: Guangdong Huagong, 37, 108 (2010), Papadopoulos, G., et al.: J Am Oil Chem Soc, 68, 669 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled quinoline methanol antimalarial agent.<br>References Carroll, F.I., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 17, 210 (1974), Davidson, M.W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 20, 1117 (1977), Brown, R.E., et al.: Life Sci., et al.: 25, 1857 (1979), Lim, P., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 14, 157 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications An α2-Adrenergic agonist. Sedative; analgesic.<br>References Scheinin, M., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 24, 443 (1987), Stenberg, D., et al.: J. Vet. Pharmacol. Ther., 10, 319 (1987), Virtanen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 150, 9 (1988), Cullen, L.K., et al.: Br. Vet. J., 152, 519 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications It is a potent and selective inhibitor of Aurora B kinase. Cells treated with ZM-447439 progress through interphase, enter mitosis and assemble bipolar spindles but chromosome alignment, segregation and cytokinesis all fail. It induces apoptosos in Hep2 cancer cells and in acute myeloid leukemia cell lines but its propensity to induce polyploidy does not inevitably result in apoptosis.<br>References Ditchfield, C., et al.: J. Cell Biol., 161, 267 (2003), Long, Z.J., et al.: J. Cell Cycle, 7, 1473 (2008), Walsby, E., et al.: Haematologica, 93, 662 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(Trifluoromethyl)benzoic Acid is used in biochemical genetics studies such as Plasmid-encoded phthalate catabolic pathway in Arthrobacter keyseri 12B.<br>References Eaton, Richard W., Journal of Bacteriology, 183, 3689-3703, (2001)<br></p>