Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Propylpyrazole is a non-classical inhibitor of aldehyde oxidase that has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on pentane. 1-Propylpyrazole has peroxidase-like activity, which means it can bind to lipid hydroperoxides in the presence of hydrogen peroxide or peroxidase. It has also been shown to be an effective inhibitor of dehydrogenase, which is an enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of aldehydes and ketones to carboxylic acids. This drug is not active against classical aldehyde oxidases such as alcohol dehydrogenase, but it does inhibit polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis by binding with cytochrome P450 enzymes.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Piperazine-2-carboxamide is a synthetic drug that is used to treat tuberculosis. It binds to the mycolic acid of the bacterial cell wall, preventing it from forming an outer layer and disrupting its function. Piperazine-2-carboxamide also inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids and amines in bacteria, which are necessary for their survival. This drug can be synthesized by reacting piperazine with formaldehyde and acetamide.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)ethan-1-ol is a racemic mixture of two compounds with the same molecular formula. The two enantiomers have different chemical properties and can be separated by specific techniques such as chromatography. 2-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)ethan-1-ol is an ether that is made from methylmalonic acid and ethylene oxide. It is hydrolysed to release methylmalonyl chloride or demethylated to produce methyl ether acetate. This compound has been used in the synthesis of various esters and sesquiterpenoids.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene is a chemical compound that has been synthesized in an asymmetric reaction. The reactant is bromopropane and the product is 2,2,2-trifluoropropene. The methylene group on the propene molecule is activated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluoride ion from hydrogen fluoride to form a cavity with a highly strained bond. The kinetic study of this reaction revealed that the activation energy for the reaction is 42 kJ/mol. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are catalyzed by palladium and require nonpolar solvents such as toluene or dichloromethane. This type of reaction has been shown to be exothermic with an isolated yield of 1%.

3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.