Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Methyl 4-(dimethylamino)-2-hydroxybenzoate (DMAHB) is an organic compound that is used to detect the presence of aldehydes in air. It can be used as a shift reagent for the analysis of anthracene and other aromatic hydrocarbons. The fluorescence emission spectrum of DMAHB shifts from 380 nm to 430 nm when it interacts with aldehydes, which provides an easy way to identify the presence of these substances. DMAHB is also sensitive to amines, chlorides, and amide groups. An interesting property of this molecule is that it has two chromophores, which makes it useful for monitoring solvents during chemical reactions.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Tricyclo[4.3.1.0,3,8]decan-4-one is a heterocyclic compound that has been used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical formulations. It is synthesized by the reaction of cyclopentadiene with oxirane and reacts with trimethylsilyl chloride to produce the corresponding sulfonium salt. Tricyclo[4.3.1.0,3,8]decan-4-one is also a synthetic precursor to hypoxia-targeted prodrugs that act via c1-4 alkyl and 1-4 alkyl intermediates to inhibit the growth of cancer cells.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>1,2,5,6,7,8-Hexahydroquinoxalin-2-one is a stimulant that has been shown to be effective for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of diabetes. It is also a prophylactic agent for the prevention of pyrazinone. This drug has been shown to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells in vitro. 1,2,5,6,7,8-Hexahydroquinoxalin-2-one stimulates the release of insulin by stimulating exocytosis and inhibiting vesicle fusion in response to glucose. It can also inhibit or stimulate the release of insulin in response to other stimuli such as amino acids and fatty acids.</p>

7-Methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine is an optimised molecule for the treatment of various cancers. It has a hydrophobic nature and can be used to prevent the spread of cancer cells through the body by blocking their ability to attach to other cells. The 7-Methyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine molecule is composed of a pyridine ring with a hydrogen atom at the 4th position and is capable of forming hydrogen bonding interactions with complementary molecules. This chemical also blocks DNA polymerase enzymes that are responsible for copying genetic information from DNA to RNA, which prevents cell division.

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>2-(Hydroxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ol is a potassium salt that is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of other chemicals. It has been shown to be a strong inhibitor of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase in vitro, which leads to increased levels of acetylcholine and neurotransmission. The compound has also been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by inhibiting protein synthesis through an unknown mechanism. 2-(Hydroxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ol is isolated from a variety of sources, including wood tar, coal tar, and petroleum.<br> 2-(Hydroxymethyl)cyclohexan-1-ol can be synthesized by solvolysis with potassium hydroxide or tetrafluoroborate followed by acetolysis with acetic anhydride.<br> Potassium acetate can also be used to synthesize 2-(hydroxymethyl)-cyclohexan-1-</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>4-Formyl-3-methylbenzonitrile is a glutamate antagonist that binds to metabotropic glutamate receptors, which inhibit the release of glutamate. It has been shown to be a potent and selective antagonist at mGluR1, with an IC50 of 3.3 μM. The potency of this drug was found to be 10 times lower than that of LY354740, another mGluR1 antagonist. Substituents on the 4-formyl group have been shown to affect the binding affinity and potency of this compound.</p>

<p>5-(1-Hydroxyethyl)oxolan-2-one (5-HEOL) is a chiral compound. It is a potential new drug for the treatment of fungal infections. 5-HEOL has been shown to inhibit growth in vitro, and it also shows good efficacy in an animal model that mimics human infection with Candida albicans. This compound has been found to be safe and effective when administered orally to mice. The effect of 5-HEOL is stereoselective; it inhibits the growth of C. albicans yeast cells by blocking fatty acid synthesis at the level of transcription, while not affecting the production of fatty acids by mammalian cells.</p>

<p>2-(Propan-2-yl)hexanoic acid is a fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH(CO2H)CH2COOH. It is used as an emulsifier and plasticizer in food. 2-(Propan-2-yl)hexanoic acid is also used in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and textiles.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>4-Hydroxy-N-methylbenzamide (4HMB) is an organic compound that consists of a benzene ring with a methyl group attached to the 4 position. It has been found to have amide, chloride and hydrogen bonding interactions with other molecules. The filtrate was collected by passing the reaction liquid through a filter paper. This stepwise process allowed for the isolation of 4HMB from the mixture of compounds called benzenes.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Adamantane derivatives are a class of organic molecules that are stable in the solid state but undergo rapid decomposition in solution. Adamantane derivatives with labile functional groups, such as 2-(Adamantan-1-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one, can be used to study the interaction of radicals and metal salts. The photocyclization reaction of 2-(Adamantan-1-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one has also been studied by irradiation. A number of synthetic methods exist for the preparation of this compound, including its synthesis from phenacyl bromide and an amine. 2-(Adamantan-1-yl)-1-phenylethan-1-one is insoluble in water and has a low solubility in other solvents. It is chiral, which means that it will have two nonidentical mirror images (enantiomers).

3-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole is a haloalkyl that is used in the form of a reaction solution for electrochemical polymerization. The 3-phenyl-1H-pyrrole reacts with chlorine gas to form a chloride, which is then dehydrogenated to produce formamide. This process can be used as an alternative to microbicidal treatment. 3-Phenyl-1H-pyrrole has been shown to improve prostatic hypertrophy and bladder conditions when administrated in the form of an organic solvent.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>3-(Naphthalen-1-yl)propan-1-ol is a tannin isolated from the bark of the naphthalene tree. It has been shown to have hepatoprotective effects, normalizing hepatic enzyme activity and protecting against environmental pollution. 3-(Naphthalen-1-yl)propan-1-ol also has antidiabetic properties, and may act as an acetate extract by inhibiting the absorption of glucose in the gut. The laxative effect of 3-(Naphthalen-1-yl)propan-1-ol may be due to its ability to stimulate intestinal peristalsis.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ol is a thienopyridone that is an inhibitor of the bromodomain. It has been shown to inhibit the bromodomain, which is a protein domain that also binds acetylated histones. The inhibition of this domain leads to chromatin condensation and DNA compaction, inhibiting transcription and replication. Thieno[3,2-c]pyridin-4-ol has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in vivo and in vitro.</p>

<p>Tranexamic acid is a small molecule inhibitor of the enzyme plasmin. It binds to the active site and blocks the binding of plasminogen, preventing its activation. Tranexamic acid has been shown to inhibit the activity of urokinase in rat experiments. Tranexamic acid also interacts with picolyl groups on proteins, which may be an important factor in its selectivity for plasmin. The tert-butyl group is a good leaving group, allowing for a high level of selectivity for plasmin.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Cyclohexanecarbonyl isothiocyanate (CHITC) is a reactive thiocyanation agent that can be used to modify proteins. CHITC reacts with amines in the presence of an organocatalyst to form a new molecule, N-isothiocyanato-L-cysteine. This reaction produces reactive intermediates that react with other amine groups on the same protein or with other proteins present in solution. This process has been shown to lead to the selective modification of proteins without affecting the biological activity of these proteins.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Methyl 2-bromo-3-methoxypropionate is a nucleophilic alcohol. It has been used as a reagent in the preparation of an ether, diethyl ether, and hexane. Methyl 2-bromo-3-methoxypropionate is stable in the presence of light and heat, but reacts very quickly with water. The reaction time can be decreased by using dicarbonate or acetonitrile instead of water. This chemical is also used to study tumour growth and tumor development in animals.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Ethyl cyclobutylideneacetate is a compound that is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrimidine compounds. It has autophagy-inducing activity and can stimulate the growth of epidermal cells. This compound has not been shown to have any direct effects on kinases, but it is known to act as a modulator for factors such as epidermal growth factor, which can regulate cell proliferation. Ethyl cyclobutylideneacetate is active in the presence of solvates and regulators. The tautomers of this compound are stereoisomers that are also homologues, with some polymorphs possible depending on the solvent conditions.</p>

<p>4-Chloro-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid is an intermediate in the synthesis of pyrroles. It can be demethylated with formaldehyde and hydrochloric acid to 4-chloropyridine, or chlorinated with phosphorus pentachloride to 4-chloroquinoline.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Cyclohexylmethylboronic acid is a hydroxyalkyl, triazine, formyl, cyanoalkyl, carboxy, sulfur, triazines, heterocycle and alkoxycarbonyl. Cyclohexylmethylboronic acid has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by inhibiting the enzyme DNA gyrase. It also inhibits protein synthesis by blocking the formation of aminoacyl-tRNA complexes. Cyclohexylmethylboronic acid is also able to bind to nitro groups and form a stable adduct with nitrogen atoms in other molecules.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>4,5,6,7-Tetrahydro-benzo[d]isoxazol-3-ol (THI) is a chromatic integrating device that utilizes an algorithm and coding to update circuitry and devices. THI interacts with the optical vector techniques in order to position itself. The circuitry updates in response to the interaction with the optical vector techniques. THI can be utilized for many purposes such as updating bandwidth, devices, or interaction.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>11-Aminoundecan-1-ol is a bifunctional molecule that binds to the receptor and stabilizes it. It can be used as an antimicrobial agent against human pathogens, such as HIV, by preventing the virus from attaching to cells. 11-Aminoundecan-1-ol also has activity against plant viruses. This compound is an anhydroglucose with hydroxamic acid groups that are responsible for its antiviral properties and also contains a particle with azide functionalities. 11-Aminoundecan-1-ol has shown efficacy in inhibiting the replication of human Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV) in vitro, which may be due to its ability to bind to the HSV glycoprotein B envelope protein GP2.<br>11-Aminoundecan-1-ol can also bind to the receptor lysine and stabilize it. This binding prevents azides from reacting with l</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>2-Methoxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester is an enolate that is formed by the demethylation of cinchonidine. The proton of the methyl group can be displaced and 2-methoxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester becomes a nucleophile, attacking the electrophilic carbon atom in malonate to form an intermediate. The molecular modeling and optimized structures have been obtained using quantum mechanics calculations. The chloride ion is used as a counterion to stabilize the negative charge on the phenyl groups, which are substituted with isoflavonoid. Metal ions such as lithium cations are also important for stabilization purposes. Ammonium nitrate is used as an efficient method to produce this compound in high yield.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Azepane-1-carbonyl chloride is a molecule that has been shown to be efficacious in the treatment of trypanosomiasis. It is a urea derivative that works by inhibiting the activity of a specific enzyme, adenylate kinase, which is essential for the metabolism of nucleotides and nucleosides. Azepane-1-carbonyl chloride binds to this enzyme and prevents it from converting ATP into AMP, which leads to cell death. This molecule has been shown to have antiviral properties against murine leukemia virus and trypanosoma cruzi. However, it does not seem to work as well on human cells. The efficacy of azepane-1-carbonyl chloride in vivo has also been demonstrated using an animal model. The effects of this molecule are dose dependent and there may be potential for optimization by changing its structure or metabolic stability.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Ethyl trans-2-Hexenoate is a natural compound that has been found to inhibit the absorption of drugs in the intestine. It has an inhibitory effect on the enzyme diethyl succinate, which is involved in drug metabolism. Ethyl trans-2-hexenoate also inhibits sulfonic acid and fatty acid synthesis. The mechanism of action may be due to its ability to bind to the intestinal surface and form a fatty acid layer that prevents drug absorption into the bloodstream. This natural compound has shown promising results in animal studies using a perfusion model of rat intestine and is currently being investigated for use as a drug delivery system.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>(S)-1-(Pyridin-3-yl)ethanamine is a chiral, hydroxylamine derivative that acts as a catalyst for the asymmetric synthesis of pyridines. It is used in the preparation of enantiomerically pure (R)-(+)-2-hydroxy-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid and its derivatives. The catalytic enantioselective synthesis of (R)-(+)-2-hydroxy-3-pyridinecarboxylic acid has been achieved using this compound as a catalyst. This reaction can be carried out in tetrahydrofuran at room temperature with good to excellent yields.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>4-Chloro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid is an organic compound that is classified as a phenolic acid. It is used to treat bacterial infections, specifically those caused by pathogenic bacteria such as Pasteurella and Actinomyces. 4-Chloro-2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid is a prodrug that can be metabolized in the body to form arginine and ornithine. This compound has antimicrobial activity against a number of different strains of microbes. It also has the ability to reduce the amount of microbial growth in the gastrointestinal tract by binding to arginine and ornithine, which are both essential for microbial metabolism.</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>Cyanomethanesulfonyl chloride is the precursor to a series of pharmaceuticals that are tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These compounds inhibit the growth and proliferation of cells by binding to the receptor tyrosine kinase, preventing it from activating and regulating other proteins. Cyanomethanesulfonyl chloride has been shown to inhibit inflammatory bowel disease in animal models. It also inhibits the production of amines and chloride, which may be responsible for its anti-inflammatory effects.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

<p>5-Iso-butyl-5-methylhydantoin is an organic compound that contains a sulphonic acid group. It has the chemical formula of CH3C(O)NHCH2SO3H. 5-Iso-butyl-5-methylhydantoin is soluble in water and has a pH between 1 and 4. It can be used as a solvent for substances with high solubility, such as additives, solutions, and inorganic materials. The flow properties of 5-isobutyl-5-methylhydantoin are dependent on the binder or carbon atoms present.</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Phenylethyl)propylamine is an aminophenol that is a monosubstituted aromatic compound. 2-Phenylethyl)propylamine has been shown to be a bifunctional substrate for the cytochrome P450 enzyme and is also a receptor affinity analog of cannabinoids. The liposome formulation of 2-phenylethylamine has been shown to have an enhanced blood stability, which makes it useful for analytical toxicology as well as in pharmaceutical research. The oxidase type of 2-phenylethylamine has been shown to have inorganic particles, which may cause particle aggregation during storage.

<p>(R)-2-(1-Hydroxyethyl)pyridine is an enantiopure compound that is used as a catalyst in the production of alcohols, carbinols and hydrocarbons. It has been shown to be a high yield preparative catalyst for catalytic asymmetric reactions. The enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase catalyses the oxidation of (R)-2-(1-hydroxyethyl)pyridine to form an intermediate that can then be oxidized by the enzyme carbinol dehydrogenase, which produces carbinols. This product has also been found to act as a vasodilator and nonselective inhibitor of phosphodiesterases 3 and 4.</p>

2,3-Dihydro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is a hydrocarbon with the molecular formula C10H8O3. It has a benzene and phenolic functional groups. The compound is quantified by gas chromatography, which can be preselected to identify specific compounds, such as hydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons. The compound can also be analyzed using spectrometric techniques, such as UV/Vis spectroscopy. 2,3-Dihydro-1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid is found in databases of mass spectrometry data. It can be used to determine the structure of benzylsuccinic acid and naphthalenes.

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>5-Chloro-2-methylbenzylamine is a chemical compound that has been shown to be an effective ozone depleter. It has also been used to study the relationship between chemical structure and reactivity, as well as in regression analysis. The ionic, nucleophilic, and electron properties of 5-Chloro-2-methylbenzylamine have been studied by looking at its affinity for different metal ions. This molecule can be used in organic pollutant remediation because of its ability to catalyze the regeneration of ozonide when it is oxidized by oxygen in water. This reaction is reversible, so 5-Chloro-2-methylbenzylamine can be regenerated from the ozonide product.</p>

<p>(Iodomethyl)cyclopentane is a potent cytotoxic agent that inhibits the proliferation of a wide range of cells. It binds to the DNA of proliferating cells and causes cross-linking and strand breakage, which leads to cell death. This compound also has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used in hyperproliferative diseases such as cancer, as well as infectious diseases such as tuberculosis. (Iodomethyl)cyclopentane is not available for sale in its pure form, but rather in a salt form.</p>

Butyl 4-chlorobenzoate is an organic compound that has a radical chain mechanism of action. It is used as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy and can be activated by ultraviolet light. The radical species generated by this drug attacks the DNA of the bacteria, leading to cell death. One of the key steps in the process is the transfer of a hydrogen atom from butyl 4-chlorobenzoate to an electron donor, such as hydroxyanisole, followed by irradiation with light to generate radical species. Butyl 4-chlorobenzoate also inhibits bacterial growth through its ability to act as an acid and cause acidic pH changes within cells.

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

<p>Versatile small molecule scaffold</p>

Versatile small molecule scaffold