Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Tetrahydroquinolin-2(1H)-one is a hydrobromide that has been found in the environment as an environmental pollutant. Tetrahydroquinolin-2(1H)-one is used to synthesize amides and has been studied by single-crystal x-ray diffraction. The molecule is centrosymmetric, with a molecular weight of 244.06 g/mol. Tetrahydroquinolin-2(1H)-one can be used as a ligand for metals such as chlorine and magnesium. It does not dissolve in water but does dissolve in organic solvents such as ethers, chloroform, or benzene.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Ethylpentanoic acid is a fatty acid that is naturally found in the human body and can be synthesized by the body from other fatty acids. 3-Ethylpentanoic acid has been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity, which may be a possible mechanism for its antitumor effects. HDAC inhibitors are being studied as potential anticancer drugs. 3-Ethylpentanoic acid also inhibits the enzymatic activity of fatty acid synthase, thereby preventing the production of branched-chain fatty acids that are toxic to the liver. In addition, 3-ethylpentanoic acid has been shown to have pharmacokinetic properties in rats and mice with high levels of enzymes that convert it into a more hydrophobic form, which may lead to better absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and decreased metabolism by enzymes in the liver.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

The enzyme 5S-5-[(1H-Indol-3-yl)methyl]imidazolidine-2,4-dione is a multiphase enzyme that has two binding sites for the substrate. The first site is at the top of the cavity and the second site is at the bottom of the cavity. The first site binds to substrates with a low yield, while the second site binds to substrates with a high yield. The multiphase mechanism allows for transport of substrates through the enzyme by an alternating flow or plenum. This enzyme also has magnetic properties, which can be used in calibration and tabulation.

1-Benzyl-4-chlorophthalazine (1BCP) is a heterocyclic compound that inhibits the piperazine pathway. It has been shown to be a lead compound for inhibiting the growth of medulloblastoma cells in vivo and allografts in vitro. 1BCP inhibits the proliferation of mouse cells by blocking the production of pyrimidine nucleotides and DNA synthesis. This inhibition is due to its ability to inhibit the enzymes involved in pyrimidine biosynthesis, including dihydropteroate synthase, dihydrooratase, and ribonucleotide reductase. The observed effects are mediated through inhibiting key enzymes in the pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, which leads to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Aminoperimidine hydrobromide sesquihydrate (2AP) is a sulfonamide antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the ribosome. 2AP is a potentiometric titrant, with an endpoint of 1.5 M NaOH. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, in vitro. The synthesis of 2AP can be achieved through a two-step reaction between ammonium salt and sulfate ester. This chemical synthesis uses the following parameters:

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Ethyl 4-amino-3-methylbenzoate is a dimer that can be formed by the reaction of ethyl benzoate with anilines. This dimer has been shown to have an asymmetric center and can form hydrogen bonds with other molecules. The reactivity of this molecule is similar to benzocaine, which is also a dimer, but it does not contain any nitrogen atoms.

2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)butanoic acid is a solvate of ethoxycarbonyl butanoic acid. It is a weak antibiotic that inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This active form is metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. 2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)butanoic acid has been shown to be effective in the treatment of tuberculosis and other mycobacterial infections. It is also used as an antifungal agent against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans. 2-(Ethoxycarbonyl)butanoic acid binds to DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and prevents transcription and replication, which leads to cell death in susceptible bacteria.