Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Dec-9-ynoic acid is a synthetic fatty acid that is a precursor to several biologically important substances. It is labile and easily oxidized by air, light, or heat. Dec-9-ynoic acid has been shown to be a central metabolic intermediate for the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It can also be converted into linolenic acid, which is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. Dec-9-ynoic acid exists in two geometric isomers: cis and trans. The cis form exhibits kinetic properties that are different from the trans form. Dec-9-ynoic acid has been studied as a potential treatment for human diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression.

Benzyl Methyl Malnonate (BMM) is a polycarboxylic acid that has an inhibitory effect on the receptor binding of inorganic acids. It is used as a solid catalyst for the oxidative carbonylation of olefins and dienes. BMM can also be used to prepare heterocycles by the reaction of an active methylene with malonic acid and fluorine. The hydroxyl group on the benzyl methyl malonate molecule can undergo thermally induced oxidative carbonylation, which produces benzoic acid and formaldehyde.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Oxirane-methanamine, N,N-diethyl (ODME) is a surface active agent that can be used in the treatment of cancer. It is also a hydrophobic molecule that has been shown to bind to cellulose derivatives and sodium carbonate. ODME has been shown to have an optimal reaction at pH 7 and a reaction time of 3 minutes. The ODME molecule can form base with the amines present in the tissue and this leads to cellular damage. ODME is linear polymer and its structure can be seen below:

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

TH1020 is a polyolefin with a molecular weight of approximately 10,000 Da. It is soluble in water at low concentrations and insoluble in organic solvents. TH1020's ability to interact with proteins has been shown through cell-based assays on human dermal fibroblasts and other cells. The interaction of TH1020 with the TNF-α receptor has been demonstrated by pharmacophore modeling studies. TH1020 also interacts with toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), which is involved in the inflammatory response. The interaction of TH1020 with TLR4 may be responsible for its anti-inflammatory properties.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)-ethanone is a hydrogen bond donor and an enolate anion. It has tautomeric and zwitterionic properties. The protonation of the methyl ketones in 1-phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)ethanone will lead to the formation of the enolate anion, which can act as a proton acceptor. The intramolecular hydrogen bonding in 1-phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)-ethanone leads to its tautomeric properties, because it can exist as both the keto form or enol form. When 1-phenyl-2-(2-pyridinyl)ethanone is deprotonated, it forms a carbonyl group that acts as an acceptor for hydrogen bonding with other molecules.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

5-Bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine is a ligand that can transfer electrons. It has been shown to be an efficient photosensitizer with a high quantum yield in a photoinduced electron transfer reaction. 5-Bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine absorbs light most strongly at 300 nm, which is why it is used in the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants. The substitution pattern on the ring influences the efficiency of electron injection and the excited state lifetime. 5-Bromo-2-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)pyridine also has cationic character, which may facilitate its binding to anionic sites on surfaces.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Ethyl 2,2-diethylacetoacetate is an organic solvent that can be used for the production of electrophotographic toner. It is reactive and has a particle diameter of about 0.1 µm in the liquid state. The chemical formula for ethyl 2,2-diethylacetoacetate is CH3COCH2COOC2H5. Ethyl 2,2-diethylacetoacetate reacts with silicon and zirconium to form coatings that are useful in the manufacture of carboxyalkylated insulin analogues as well as acceptor materials for electron transfer layers in electrophotographic toners.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N-Acetyl-dl-tyrosine is a biologically active form of tyrosine that inhibits the activity of protein tyrosine phosphatases. It has been shown to inhibit the acylation reaction of acetylcholine esterase, which leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft and enhances its effects on postsynaptic receptors. N-Acetyl-dl-tyrosine also binds to metal ions such as copper, zinc, or iron and can be used in metal chelation therapy. The drug has been shown to produce light emission when exposed to UV radiation and has been used for detection of biochemical abnormalities.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold