Building Blocks

2-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)ethan-1-ol is a racemic mixture of two compounds with the same molecular formula. The two enantiomers have different chemical properties and can be separated by specific techniques such as chromatography. 2-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)ethan-1-ol is an ether that is made from methylmalonic acid and ethylene oxide. It is hydrolysed to release methylmalonyl chloride or demethylated to produce methyl ether acetate. This compound has been used in the synthesis of various esters and sesquiterpenoids.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

n-Butyrylglycine is a compound that was first identified in human urine as a metabolite of the amino acid glycine. It is an intermediate in the conversion of glycine to succinic acid, which is required for the production of energy in mitochondria. Deficiency of this enzyme causes mitochondrial dysfunction and leads to various metabolic disorders including fatty acid oxidation disorders and homocysteine metabolism defects. n-Butyrylglycine can be detected by gas chromatography or liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Ethyl 5-oxoheptanoate is a clear, colorless liquid that can be synthesized by reacting benzene with acetone. The synthesis of ethyl 5-oxoheptanoate is an example of a Friedel-Crafts reaction. This chemical is soluble in organic solvents such as acetone and cyclohexane and has low toxicity. It can be used as a reagent for the preparation of esters from alcohols, phenols, or carboxylic acids. Ethyl 5-oxoheptanoate can also be used to prepare resorcinol, which is a precursor to polymers and dyes, by hydrogenation of the molecule. Preparative methods are often used to produce this product because it has limited solubility in water.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-(Methylsulfonyl)benzyl alcohol is a ketone that inhibits the catalytic hydrogenation of benzyl groups. It also has been shown to be an antagonist of β-adrenergic receptors. 3-(Methylsulfonyl)benzyl alcohol is used as a catalyst in catalytic bromination and has also been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Bromo-2-butoxybenzene is a chemical compound that is used in the manufacture of zinc oxide. It is also used as an electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells. In these cells, 1-bromo-2-butoxybenzene acts as an electron donor, which provides electrons to the redox dye on the surface of the semiconductor. This process leads to recombination, where electrons and holes recombine to produce electricity. The introduction of alkoxy groups into 1-bromo-2-butoxybenzene molecules allows for increased stability and efficiency in dye-sensitized solar cells.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Chloro-6-(chloromethyl)pyridine (2C6CP) is a chloride precursor that can be used for the synthesis of metal chlorides, such as copper chlorides. 2C6CP is synthesized by reacting thionyl chloride with the substituted pyridine under anhydrous conditions at -78°C. The resultant 2C6CP is then hydrolyzed to produce the desired chloride.
2C6CP has been shown to act as a ligand in coordination chemistry. It was first synthesized by reacting 3-chloropyridine with thionyl chloride and then hydrolyzing it to 2-chloropyridine. This method was later modified to use 4-chlorobenzoyl chloride instead of 3-chloropyridine, producing 2,4-dichloropyridine.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Bromo-7-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one is a coumarin derivative that has been shown to cause liver lesions in rats. The compound can also inhibit locomotor activity, as well as have a significant effect on the levels of serum prolactin. 3-Bromo-7-methoxy-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one is a ligand for the 5HT2 receptor, and it has been suggested that this may be due to its coordination geometry. In addition, 3BMOP binds to DNA with high affinity and specificity, which suggests that it could be used as an antitumor agent.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N-(2-Phenylethyl)benzenesulfonamide is a biodegradable and aerobic catalyst that is used in the production of nitrates. It can be recycled and has a high solubility, which allows for efficient extraction from wastewater effluents. The reactor system can be operated at an aerobic or anaerobic conditions. N-(2-Phenylethyl)benzenesulfonamide is soluble in water and can be hydrolyzed by acids or bases to release ammonia gas. The process can also be sustainable due to the use of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, tidal, or biomass power.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Di-n-octylamine is a reactive chemical that is chemically stable in the presence of nitrogen. It is used in chemical biology as a transport agent for amines and other organic compounds. Di-n-octylamine has been shown to have optimum solubility in glycol ethers, magnesium salts, and trifluoroacetic acid. This compound reacts with fatty acids to form hydroxyl groups and can be used as an extractant for glycol ethers. The mechanism of this reaction involves intramolecular hydrogen transfer from the hydroxyl group on the fatty acid to the n-octyl amine molecule.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)piperazine is a piperidine derivative that has been shown to have antidepressant activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. It acts as an antagonist at the 5-HT1A receptor and as an agonist at the 5-HT2A receptor. 1-(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)piperazine has been shown to inhibit the production of dopamine, serotonin, and citric acid by inhibiting the enzyme citrate synthase. This drug also increases the concentration of chloride ions in cells. 1-(2,3-Dimethylphenyl)piperazine is used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, and other conditions that may be related to chemical imbalances of serotonin.

1-Ethyl-2-ethynylbenzene is an indene that can be synthesized by the reaction of 1-ethylbenzene with ethynylmagnesium bromide and trifluoroacetyl chloride. 1-Ethyl-2-ethynylbenzene reacts as a nucleophile with electrophiles, such as phenylsulfonyl and acetylene compounds, to form sulfones and acetylenes. It can also react with tetrafluoroborates to form indenes.