Glycoscience

1,2-o-Isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose is a potent inhibitor of xylan, which is essential for the growth and development of cancer cells. This compound has been shown to inhibit the activity of several kinases involved in cancer cell proliferation, including protein kinase C and acetylcholine kinase. 1,2-o-Isopropylidene-α-D-glucofuranose exhibits anticancer properties and induces apoptosis in human cancer cells. It is an analog of aprepitant, a drug used to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients. This compound may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various types of tumors.

3,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-2-azido-2-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranosyl bromide - stabilised with 2% CaCO3 is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from 3,4,6-tri-O-acetylgalactose and 2-(bromoethyl) azide. This modification has been used to produce an oligosaccharide for use in the synthesis of glycoproteins. The modification was also used in the synthesis of a polysaccharide that is used as a reagent for the methylation of saccharides.

10-Beta-D-glucopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)-anthrone heptaacetate is a synthetic saccharide that can be used as a fluorescent probe. It is synthesized by reacting methyl anthrone with 10-beta-D-glucopyranosyl chloride and sodium hydroxide under basic conditions. The fluorination of the compound leads to its fluorescent properties. This product has been custom synthesized for use in click chemistry reactions.

Synthetic building block for nucleic acid research

Fluorogenic substrate is used for detection of hyaluronidase activity. Urinary hyaluronidase activity is elevated in patients with intermediate and high grade bladder cancer; the expression of hyaluronidase and hyaluronan synthase-1 mRNA in malignant tissue can predict bladder cancer metastasis and disease recurrence (Kramer, 2011). These findings underscore the potential utility of the hyaluronidases to serve as biomarkers for bladder cancer. A novel fluorescent substrate labelled with two dyes: fluorescein as a green donor fluorophore, and rhodamine B as a red acceptor fluorophore, was therefore developed to measure hyaluronidase enzyme kinetics (Zhang, 2008). It was then demonstrated that simultaneous measurements of green and red emission of HA–FRET could be used to measure hyaluronidase presence and activity (Fudala, 2011).

Desthiobiotin is a modified form of biotin that binds less tightly to biomolecules like proteins and carbohydrates than it does biotin, while still providing excellent specificity in affinity purification methods (Hirsch, 2002). The structure of GD2-oligosaccharide-desthiobiotin (sodium salt) comprises (GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) of its two sialic acids linked α2,3/α2,8 to the central galactose residue (Ledeen, 2009). The desthiobiotin is attached β to position 1 of the reducing glucose moiety. GD2 ganglioside is expressed at a low concentration in the central nervous system, nerves, skin melanocytes and stem cells in healthy adults. On the other hand, GD2 ganglioside is overexpressed in a number of tumors including: neuroblastoma, melanoma, small cell lung carcinoma and brain tumors. Recently, GD2 ganglioside has been found in low concentration on breast cancer stem cells (CSC) that possess: self-renewal properties (division without disrupting the undifferentiated state) and tumor-initiating capabilities. It has been suggested that GD2 ganglioside may be developed as an effective target antigen for CSC immunotherapy (Fleurence, 2017).

6'-Sialyllactose-APD-HSA is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the group of oligosaccharides. It has a CAS number of 102600-80-4 and it is a polysaccharide. This compound is modified with methylation, glycosylation, and click modification. It is also fluorinated and synthesized.

Phenyl a-D-thiogalactopyranoside is a sugar with a galactose and thioglucose residue linked by an alpha-1,6 glycosidic bond. It is obtained from the hydrolysis of starch or starch derivatives such as maltodextrin. This compound can be modified through various reactions, including fluorination, glycosylation, methylation, and modification. Phenyl a-D-thiogalactopyranoside has CAS number 5664-77-5 and molecular weight of 288.24 g/mol.

Pent-4-enyl-D-glucopyranoside is a kind of compound that reacts with acetonitrile to form sodium methoxide. The reaction of the sodium methoxide with the acetonitrile will produce 2-chlorobenzoic acid and conformation. The result of this reaction is the stereospecifically, which is a pyranose ring.

Phenyl a-L-thiorhamnopyranoside is a monosaccharide that is synthesized by the methylation of alpha-D-glucose. It is a custom synthesis that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and sugar drugs. Phenyl a-L-thiorhamnopyranoside can be fluorinated to create an active form that has antibacterial activity. This compound has shown no signs of toxicity in animal studies and has been used as a food additive.

3,4,5,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-myo-inositol is a carbohydrate that can be used as a monosaccharide or an oligosaccharide. It is produced by the modification of inositol with acetate and fluoride. The compound has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as a drug target for treating inflammation. 3,4,5,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-myo-inositol is also methylated and glycosylated.

6-O-Desmethyl donepezil b-D-glucuronide is a sugar that is synthesized by the reaction of 6-O-desmethyl donepezil with β-D-glucuronic acid. This compound is a metabolite of donepezil and has been shown to have similar properties to its parent compound. 6-O-Desmethyl donepezil b-D-glucuronide is useful for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, as it prevents the breakdown of acetylcholine in the brain. It also binds to sigma receptors and has been shown to have antidepressant activity in mice.

Di-a-D-galactosyl-mannopentaose is a mannopentaose derivative that has been modified with a methyl group at the C2 position and fluorinated at the C6 position. This compound can be used as an intermediate in the production of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates that contain many sugar molecules. The product is of high purity, with no detectable impurities. It was synthesized using a custom synthesis approach, which allows for modification of the chemical structure to produce desired properties. This product is stable when stored at room temperature and does not require refrigeration. It does not contain any organic solvents or volatile compounds and is free from endotoxins or heavy metals.

2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranose is a chemical compound that is the product of the reaction between metabisulfite and anhydrous acetone in a refluxing process. The reaction can be done in two ways: one with thiourea and sodium metabisulfite or another with recycled acetone. The yield of this compound is dependent on the reaction time and process. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-glucopyranose has been used as a raw material for the production of pharmaceuticals such as steroids and antibiotics.

Methylation is a chemical reaction that transfers a methyl group to an organic molecule. It is one of the most common modifications in organic chemistry and can be used to synthesize saccharides and oligosaccharides, as well as to modify polysaccharides. This compound is a glycosylated benzylidene-N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-glucitol, which has been modified by Click chemistry. It was synthesized from 4,6-O-benzylidene-N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-mannitol with a custom synthesis protocol. The final product has high purity and is available for purchase at CAS No. 133697-16-2.