Nucleótidos

<p>2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water is a nucleotide analog that inhibits the synthesis of RNA. It is used for the treatment of cancer. This agent binds to DNA and prevents the formation of RNA by inhibiting the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. 2'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine-5'-triphosphate sodium salt - 100 mM solution in water also has a perchloric acid component, which may be responsible for its haematopoietic effects.</p>

2'-Deoxy-5-methyl-isocytidine is an analog of cytidine that is used in the synthesis of oligodeoxynucleotides. It has shown to be complementary to dsDNA and to inhibit hepatitis B virus replication in cell culture. 2'-Deoxy-5-methyl-isocytidine is synthesized by solid phase chemistry on a polystyrene support with monomers, depyrimidination, and purification by column chromatography. The chemical stability of this compound has been shown by its ability to withstand heating at 100°C for 10 minutes without decomposition.

<p>7-Deaza-2'-deoxy-7-ethynyladenosine is a fluorescent analog of adenosine that has been synthesized to be used as an antimicrobial agent. This compound has shown to be effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. 7DDAE is also able to inhibit the growth of fungus and yeast, such as Candida albicans. This drug has been shown to have no cytotoxic effects on mammalian cells at concentrations up to 50 μM. 7DDAE has been found to be very photostable in solution, which means it does not degrade when exposed to light.</p>

<p>5-(Carboxyhydroxymethyl)uridine methyl ester is a modified form of uridine that is used in biochemical reactions. It is found in the ovary, where it interacts with acidic environments to produce the corresponding hydroxymethyl derivatives. The hydroxymethyl derivatives are then converted to the corresponding 5-carboxy-hydroxymethyl derivatives by conjugates and modifications, which can be analyzed using various assays. 5-(Carboxyhydroxymethyl)uridine methyl ester has also been shown to have epigenetic effects on cellular activity and cancer.</p>

<p>Polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C), an agonist of TLR3 toll-like receptors, is a synthetic double-stranded RNA analog, consisting of polyinosinic acid (poly I) paired with polycytidylic acid (poly C), forming a stable duplex structure. PolyI:C stimulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon through its interaction with endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and the cytoplasmic receptors melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This immunostimulant activity makes Poly I:C a useful vaccine adjuvant and is used in vaccine formulations.  Poly I:C and its stabilized analogs (e.g., poly-ICLC) are also being actively researched for their dual role in oncology: directly targeting tumors and acting as immune potentiators. For example Poly I:C can induce apoptosis in tumor cells and stimulate immunogenic cell death and is therefore being explored alongside chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors, helping to overcome resistance mechanisms and strengthen treatment outcomes. We can supply PolyI:C to all stages of your project - from R&amp;D and preclinical phases right up to GMP commercial manufacture. Contact our team for custom Poly I:C products.<br>For more on poly I:C read out blog 'Poly I:C: A Vaccine Adjuvant With Oncological Potential.'</p>

<p>Thymidine, also known as deoxythymidine (dT), is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside that pairs with deoxyadenosine (dA) in a double stranded DNA. It’s used as a biochemical modulator of antimetabolites such as 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (Cytarabine) and methotrexate (MTX) in cancer therapy. It’s also the enantiomer of telbivudine, an antiviral drug used to treat hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.</p>

<p>5'-O-DMT-a-thymidine is a modified nucleoside that is used in the synthesis of DNA and RNA. This product is a high quality and pure monophosphate, which has been modified to reduce its potential for activation by phosphatases. It is suitable for use in anticancer drugs and antiviral agents.</p>

<p>Diquafosol Impurity 2 is a high-purity phosphoramidite that can be used for the synthesis of DNA, RNA, and deoxyribonucleosides. This product is also a novel activator for phosphoramidites. Diquafosol Impurity 2 has CAS No. 63785-59-1 and a molecular weight of 228.24 g/mol. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in most organic solvents.</p>

<p>3'-O-Methyluridine is a nucleoside that is used in the preparation of oligonucleotides and as a substrate for uridine phosphorylase. It is used to study the termination of RNA synthesis, which occurs when there are no more ribose residues in the RNA template strand. When this happens, an adenosine residue is added by polyphosphate kinase to the 3' end of the RNA strand. This addition causes a release of pyrophosphate and leads to end of DNA synthesis. The acid hydrolysis technique can be used to separate 3'-O-methyluridine from other nucleotides. This reaction produces guanosine, which can be detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques such as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE).</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-2'-fluoro-5-iodouridine is a nucleoside analog that is a modified version of uridine, where the 2'-fluoro modification is added to the sugar (deoxyribose), and an iodine atom is attached at the 5' position of the uracil base. This combination of modifications provides unique properties that may be useful for research and therapeutic applications.</p>

<p>2',3',5'-Tri-O-acetyl-2-fluoroadenosine is nucleoside analog of adenosine for use in research. The addition of a fluorine to an adenosine can change adenosine's properties such as its hydrogen bonding ability and how it interacts with water and other biological molecules. It can also increase the stability of adenosine and increase its half-life in biological systems.</p>

<p>Coenzyme A trilithium salt is a synthetic cofactor that is used in the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids. It is membrane permeable and has minimal toxicity, making it an attractive candidate for treating hepatic steatosis. Coenzyme A trilithium salt also activates human mitochondrial beta-oxidation by increasing the availability of substrate and enhancing the expression of genes involved in beta-oxidation. This molecule has been shown to be effective in improving the symptoms of X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) by stimulating creatine kinase activity and suppressing lysosomal accumulation of long chain fatty acids.</p>

<p>1-(5-O-Acetyl-2,3-dideoxy-ß-L-glycero-pent-2-enofuranosyl)-5-fluorouracil is a modified nucleoside analog with structural alterations that enhance its biological properties and stability. The compound features 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase, a fluorinated pyrimidine often used in chemotherapy due to its ability to interfere with DNA replication. The sugar component is 2,3-dideoxy-β-L-glycero-pent-2-enofuranose and has a specific glycerol and enol configuration, which alters its interactions with enzymes involved in nucleic acid metabolism. The compound includes a 5-O-acetyl protecting group at the 5'-position, which shields the hydroxyl group during synthesis.</p>

<p>Cytidyl-3'-5'-uridine ammonium salt is a nucleoside analog that is used as an antiviral and anticancer agent. Cytidyl-3'-5'-uridine ammonium salt inhibits the synthesis of DNA by inhibiting the activity of enzymes such as DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase, or reverse transcriptase. It also has antitumor properties and can be used to treat leukemia and other types of cancer. Cytidyl-3'-5'-uridine ammonium salt has been shown to be more potent than cytidyl-2',4',6'-triaminopyrimidine (CTAP) in inhibiting the growth of lymphocytic leukemia cells.</p>

<p>N6-Benzyladenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is a nucleoside that is not identified. It has been shown to be metabolized by adenosine deaminase and may have antitumor activity. N6-Benzyladenosine 5'-monophosphate sodium salt is also a radioactively labeled adenine analog that has been used in the study of metabolic pathways.</p>

<p>5-Iodocytidine is a nucleoside analogue that has been shown to possess potent antitumor activity. It is also used as a fluorescent probe for detection of uridine in biological samples. 5-Iodocytidine is structurally similar to uridine, which allows it to be taken up by cells and incorporated into RNA. This analog can also be detected with antibody response, as well as with the use of a fluorescence microscope. 5-Iodocytidine may have the potential to treat infectious diseases and autoimmune diseases because it binds to response elements on DNA and activates gene transcription.</p>

<p>7-Cyano-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the growth of virus by competing with deoxyadenosine for incorporation into DNA and RNA. 7-Cyano-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine also stabilizes dna duplexes and prevents them from breaking down. It has been shown to be effective against herpes simplex virus, which causes painful blisters on the skin or genitals. This drug has been used in clinical trials as an antiviral agent. 7-Cyano-7-deaza-2'-deoxyadenosine is synthesized from 2',3'-didehydrocytidine under the following conditions:</p>

<p>3'-Amino-3'-deoxy-5'-O-DMT-thymidine is a specifically designed building block for introducing a 3'-amino group into oligonucleotides, primarily at the 3' terminus. The DMT protecting group facilitates incorporation during standard solid-phase synthesis, and the 3'-amino group provides a versatile handle for post-synthetic modifications and conjugations.</p>

<p>2',3'-O-Isopropylideneadenosine is a nucleoside that has a possible usage as an organic chemical synthesis intermediate</p>

<p>L-Cytidine is a nucleoside that is found in the body, and is also used as a drug. It is a precursor to other nucleosides, such as cytidine triphosphate, which is involved in DNA synthesis and repair. L-Cytidine has been shown to be effective against HIV infection by inhibiting the activity of the enzyme ns3 protease. This inhibition prevents viral proteins from being released from cells and infecting other cells. L-Cytidine has also been shown to be an inhibitor of creatine kinase and glycosidation, two enzymes that are necessary for cell metabolism. L-Cytidine has also been shown to be reactive with halides, which may lead to unwanted side effects.</p>

<p>N6-Benzoyl-2',3'-isopropylideneadenosine is a nucleoside that is structurally related to the natural nucleosides adenosine, deoxyadenosine, and deoxyguanosine. It is an antiviral agent that has been shown to be an activator of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. N6-Benzoyl-2',3'-isopropylideneadenosine is a modified nucleoside with high purity and high quality. The CAS number for this compound is 39947-04-1. This compound has not been found in nature, but it can be synthesized by modifying nucleosides or by using phosphoramidites.</p>

<p>5-Methylcytidine is a nucleoside that is found in DNA and RNA. It is used in structural biology to probe the structure of DNA. 5-Methylcytidine binds to the enzyme methyl transferase, which catalyzes the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine to produce 5-methyluridine. This reaction occurs in long-term toxicity studies using primary cells, such as lymphocytes and fibroblasts. 5-Methylcytidine has been shown to inhibit tumour growth in mice by binding to nuclear dna polymerase and blocking transcription. The binding site for this drug on the polymerase is located at the same site as that for nucleoside analogues like azidothymidine (AZT) and zidovudine (AZT).</p>

<p>N4-Acetyl-2'-deoxy-5-methylcytidine is a novel nucleoside analog of cytidine. It has been shown to be an activator of the immune system, and has antiviral and anticancer properties. This synthetic nucleoside is phosphorylated by kinases in cells to form N4-acetyl-2'-deoxy-5'-methyluridine monophosphate. The phosphate group can be removed by phosphatases in cells to yield N4-acetyl-2'-deoxycytidine, which is a precursor for DNA synthesis.</p>

<p>N2-DMF-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methylguanosine is a novel nucleoside analog that has antiviral, anticancer and immunomodulating properties. It is synthesized from 2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate by the condensation of 2,6-dimethylaniline with methylguanosine 5′-monophosphate and 5,6-dimethylaniline. The modification of the guanine base in N2-DMF-5'-O-DMT-2'-O-methylguanosine to an O6 -methyl group results in increased affinity for the ribonucleotide reductase enzyme (RNR) and inhibition of DNA synthesis.</p>

<p>Polyinosinic acid is a single stranded RNA analog which is combined with polycytidylic acid (poly C) to form a stable duplex structure known as Polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C). PolyI:C stimulates the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and type I interferon through its interaction with endosomal Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR-3) and the cytoplasmic receptors melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA-5) and retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I). This immunostimulant activity makes Poly I:C a useful vaccine adjuvant and is used in vaccine formulations.  Poly I:C and its stabilized analogs (e.g., poly-ICLC) are also being actively researched for their dual role in oncology: directly targeting tumors and acting as immune potentiators. For example Poly I:C can induce apoptosis in tumor cells and stimulate immunogenic cell death and is therefore being explored alongside chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and checkpoint inhibitors, helping to overcome resistance mechanisms and strengthen treatment outcomes. We can supply PolyI:C to all stages of your project - from R&amp;D and preclinical phases right up to GMP commercial manufacture. Contact our team for custom Poly I:C products.<br>For more on poly I:C read out blog 'Poly I:C: A Vaccine Adjuvant With Oncological Potential.'</p>

<p>2',3'-O-Isopropylidenecytidine is a nucleoside for use in research applications</p>

<p>2-Hydrazinoadenosine is an active analogue of adenosine. It is a potent agonist for the adenosine receptor subtypes A1 and A2A with high affinity. 2-Hydrazinoadenosine has been shown to inhibit cardiac contractility in animal models, as well as to produce hypotension, bradycardia, and bronchodilation in humans. This drug also has a functional effect on the heart by binding to adenosine receptors, which leads to the inhibition of catecholamine release. This drug is used clinically as an antiarrhythmic agent and a vasodilator in coronary artery disease.</p>

<p>Uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt is a phosphotriester that is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of nucleosides. It is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, which means it inhibits the breakdown of cyclic nucleotides and allows them to accumulate. This drug has been shown to increase platelet production and has anti-inflammatory effects. Uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt is a human metabolite that can be synthesized from uridine, which is present in DNA, RNA, and food sources such as meat, eggs, and milk. The synthesis of uridine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt requires phosphoramidite as a precursor.</p>

<p>Abacavir 5'-phosphate is a nucleoside analog that inhibits the replication of the herpes virus by covalently binding to the viral DNA polymerase and blocking its ability to polymerize dNTPs. Abacavir 5'-phosphate's anti-viral potency has been shown in vivo using a model with herpes simplex virus, and it has been shown to inhibit viral replication in cell culture. The drug also reacts with cellular components such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, which may lead to drug reactions. Abacavir 5'-phosphate is chemically stable, so it can be subjected to analytical methods without degradation. It is an analog of zidovudine (AZT).</p>