Ácidos Grasos y Derivados Lipídicos

<p>Applications Labelled Lubiprostone is a bicyclic fatty acid metabolite analog of Prostaglandin E1. It activates specific chloride channels in the gastrointestinal tract to stimulate intestinal fluid secretion, increase gastrointestinal transit, and improve symptoms of constipation.<br>References Farthing, M., et al.: Drugs, 56, 11 (1998), Pare, P., et al.: Am. J. Gastroenterol., 96, 3130 (2001), Sloots, C., et al.: Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther., 16, 759 (2002), Coremans, G., et al.: Digestion, 67, 82 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hexadecyl-octadecanoic Acid is a branched saturated fatty acid.<br>References Gronowitz, S., et al.: Lipids, 28, 889 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications (1R,​3R)​-1-​(1,​3-​Benzodioxol-​5-​yl)​-​2,​3,​4,​9-​tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,​4-​b]​indole-​3-​carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride is an impurity of Tadalafil (T004500) and is a β-​carboline derivative. (1R,​3R)​-1-​(1,​3-​Benzodioxol-​5-​yl)​-​2,​3,​4,​9-​tetrahydro-1H-pyrido[3,​4-​b]​indole-​3-​carboxylic Acid Hydrochloride can be used to produce Tadalafil.<br>References Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., Slovenia: Eur. Pat. Appl., EP 2107059 A1 20091007 (2009)<br></p>

<p>Applications Phospho(enol)pyruvic Acid Monopotassium Salt is a reactant used in the preparation of substrate analogs of creatine kinase with anticancer activity.<br>References Bergnes, G., et. al.: Oncol. Res., 8, 121 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications An inactive metabolite/product of Thromboxane A2 (TBXA2): a compound involved in platelet activation and aggregation in case of a wound. Urinary analysis of TXB2 accurately reflects intrarenal TXA2 synthesis while measurement of 11-dehydro TBX2 (D230555) and 2,3-dinor thromboxane metabolites gives the best estimate of systemic TXA2 secretion.<br>References Needleman, P. et al.: Nature, 261, 558 (1976); Patrono, C. et al.: J Clin. Invest., 77, 590 (1986); Patrono, C. et al.: Adv. Prostaglandin Thromboxane Leukot. Res., 11, 493 (1983);<br></p>

<p>Applications (4S3-[(2R,5S)-5-(4-Fluorophenyl)-2-[(S)-[(4-fluorophenyl)amino][4-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]phenyl]methyl]-1-oxo-5-[(trimethylsilyl)oxy]pentyl]-4-phenyl-2-oxazolidinone is used in the synthesis of Ezetimibe (E975000), an antihyperlipoproteinemic; a cholesterol absorption inhibitor.<br>References Bankowski, K., et. al.: Przemysl Chemiczny, 91, 289 (2012); van Heek, M., at al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 283, 157 (1997); van Heek, M., at al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 129, 1748 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Palmitoleic Acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid which contributes to reduced protein oxidation in mammals.<br>References Mendez, L. et al.: Free Rad. Biol. Med., 55, 8 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tadalafil EP Impurity A N-Desmethyl Impurity<br>Applications (6R,12aS)-N-Desmethyl Tadalafil (Tadalafil EP Impurity A N-Desmethyl Impurity) is an intermediate in the synthesis of novel potent arylated analogues of tadalafil (T004500).<br>References Beghyn, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 17, 789 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hexacosanoic Acid (cas# 506-46-7) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>

<p>Applications Ontazolast is a leukotriene biosynthesis inhibitor.<br>References Lazer, E., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 37, 913 (1994); Hauss, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 87, 164 (1998);<br></p>

<p>Applications Erucic acid is a long-chain alcohol that acts as an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation in the heart. Erucic acid originates in rapeseed plants, and is the major fatty acid constituent of rapeseed plant oil extracts and canola oil.<br>References Christophersen, B. &amp; Bremer, J.: BBA-Lipid. Lipid Met., 280, 506 (1972); Ecke, W., et al.: Theor. Appl. Gen., 91, 972 (1995); Metz, J., et al.: Plant Phys., 122, 635 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Vardenafil Intermediate.<br>References Terrett, N.K., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 1819, (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triphenylphosphine is used in the synthesis of Chlorambucil with cytotoxicity in breast and pancreatic cancers. Also used in the preparation of α-Tocopherol analogues for monitoring antioxidant status.<br>References Millard, M. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 9170 (2013); Krumova, K. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 135, 17135 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Formic Acid is used as a potential energy source in the preparation of fuel cells. Also used in chemical synthesis of various anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Yu, X. et al.: J. Power Source., 182, 124 (2008); Bekhit, A. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 12, 1935 (2004);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt can be otained from 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) which is a derivative of the bile acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid (C291900). 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) is a potent activator of the farnesoid X nuclear receptor which reduces liver fat and fibrosis in animal models of fatty liver disease.<br>References Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., et al.: Lancet., 385, 956 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acyl Glucuronide is a bile acid and steroid conjugate.<br>References Maekawa, M., et al.: Steroids, 80, 80 (2014); Goto, J., et al.: Steroids, 63, 180 (1998); Murao, N., et al.: Chromatography, 19, 276 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tadalafil Hydroxypiperidone, is an impurity of Tadalafil (T004500), a phosphodiesterase 5-inhibitor used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction.<br>References Carrier, S., et al.: Can. J. Urol., 10(1), 12 (2003), Doggrell, S.A., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 75 (2005), Forgue, S.T., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 61, 280 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications ω-Muricholic Acid is used in the regulation of weight gain and lipid metabolism by bacterial bile acid modification in gut for the control of obesity and hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Joyce, Susan A., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 111, 7421 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tadalafil (T004500) derivative. Used in the preparation of pyrazinopyridoindole derivatives for their PDE5 inhibitory activity.<br>References Beghyn, T. et al.: Bioorgan. Med. Chem. Lett. 17, 789(2007)<br></p>

<p>Stability Very Hygroscopic, Unstable in Solution<br>Applications A metabolite of Clofibric Acid.<br>References Ding, A., et al.: Drug. Metab. Dispos., 23, 369 (1995), Sallustio, B., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 147, 459 (1997), Akira, K., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 26, 457 (1998), Sallustio, B., et al.: Curr. Drug Metab., 1, 163 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Tolfenamic Acid. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A derivative of anthranilic acid, related structurally to Mefenamic and Flufenamic acids. Anti-inflammatory, analgesic.<br>References Pentikaeinen, P., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 19, 359 (1981), Bundscherer, A., et al.: Oncol. Rep., 19, 547 (2008), Elwood, P., et al.: Lancet, 373, 1301 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Bezafibrate EP Impurity D<br>Applications Bezafibrate Ethyl Ester is a derivative of Bezafibrate (B341000); an antilipemic.<br>References Zimmerman, R., et al.: Atherosclerosis 29, 477 (1978); Monk, J.P., et al.: Drugs, 33, 539 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A labelled metabolite from endophytes of the medicinal plant Erythrina crista-galli.<br>References Stadler, M., et al.: Planta Med., 60, 128 (1994), Kopcke, B., et al.: Phytochemistry, 60, 709 (2002), Chu, M., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 66, 1527 (2003), Weber, D., et al.: J. Antibiot., 57, 559 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid-d5 Sodium Salt is the labelled version of Tauro 6-Ethlchenodeoxycholic Acid Sodium Salt (T009025) which can be otained from 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810), a derivative of the bile acid Chenodeoxycholic Acid (C291900). 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholic Acid (E899810) is a potent activator of the farnesoid X nuclear receptor which reduces liver fat and fibrosis in animal models of fatty liver disease.<br>References Neuschwander-Tetri, B.A., et al.: Lancet., 385, 956 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labeled Lauric Acid which may be used in combination with drug loading to reduce side effects, such as irritation with clarithromycin.<br>References Liu, X. et al.: Int. J. Pharma., 443, 318 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications Tadalafil-13C2,d3 is labelled Tadalafil (T004500) which is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. It is a phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor.<br>References Carrier, S., et al.: Can. J. Urol., 10(1), 12 (2003), Doggrell, S.A., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 6, 75 (2005), Forgue, S.T., et al.: Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 61, 280 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications S-Desethylpiperidino S-[2-Carboxyl-2-oxo-ethyl-(2-aminoethyl)amino] Vardenafil is an impurity of Vardenafil (V098001, 2HCl); a selective phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor.<br>References Bischoff, E., et al.: J. Urol., 165, 1316 (2001); Kim, N.N., et al.: Life Sci., 69, 2249 (2001); Kendirci, M., et al.: Expert Opin. Pharmacother., 5, 923 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications S)-4-Phenyl-2-oxazolidinone is an intermediate for the synthesis and development for cholesterol absorption inhibitor AZD4121.<br>References Soloshonok, V.A., et al.: Tetrahedron. Lett., 46, 1107 (2005); Luo, Y., et al.: Chinese. Chem. Lett., 17, 1551 (2006); Karlsson, S., et al.: Org. Process.Res. Develop., 16, 586 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Atorvastatin 2-Hydroxy Lactone<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A metabolite of Atorvastatin, a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br></p>

<p>Applications A novel C-11 epoxy fatty acid, from timothy chokes, stromata of E. typhina, has antifungal activity against Cladosporium herbarum.<br>References Koshino, H., et al.: Agric. Biol. Chem., 53, 2527 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications (2Z)-2,3-Dehydroxy Atorvastatin is an intermediate in synthesizing (2E)-2,3-Dehydroxy Atorvastatin (D230045), which is an impurity in the synthesis of Atorvastatin (A791750).<br>References Kearney, A.S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 1461 (1993); Heinonen, T.M., et al.: Clin. Ther., 18, 853 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-α-Lipoamide may be used in treatment of insulin resistance by stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. When used in combination with Alprostadil, it has shown to have a good therapeutic effect on early diabetic nephropathy.<br>References Shen, W., et al.: MCBU, 31, 93 (2012); Li, Z., et al.: Chongqing Yixue, 40, 2514 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Simvastatin impurity.<br>References Vuletic, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 37, 715 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications The N-oxide impurity of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor Dapoxetine (D185700).<br></p>

<p>Applications Atorvastatin-d5 tert-Butyl Ester is the labeled analogue of Atorvastatin tert-Butyl Ester (A791740), an impurity arising in the synthesis of Atorvastatin (A791750), a selective, competitive HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. Atorvastatin is the only drug in its class specfically indicated for lowering both elevated LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides in patients with hypercholesterolemia.<br>References Kearney, A.S., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 1461 (1993); Heinonen, T.M., et al.: Clin. Ther., 18, 853 (1996); Whitfield, L.R., et al.: Eur. J. Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet., 25, 97 (2000)<br></p>

<p>2''-Desethyl- 2''- vinyl Simvastatin is a high purity, custom synthesis, impurity standard that is available for sale. The CAS number for this product is 1449248-72-9. This product can be used as a research and development product or as an analytical standard. It has an Impurity Standardization (IS) of 10% at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. This product has been classified by the USP and the European Pharmacopoeia (EP). The excipient in this product is acetonitrile, which is classified as natural.</p>