Oligosaccharides

<p>Man-6 N-Glycan is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It is also classified as a polysaccharide and carbohydrate. The glycosylation of this product involves the addition of a sugar to the glycan, which is then modified by methylation or fluorination. This product has been shown to be stable in a buffer solution at pH 7 and can be used for click chemistry. The purity is high with no detectable impurities.</p>

<p>Verbascotetraose is a disaccharide that is found in plants. Its chemical structure is composed of one glucose molecule and one fructose molecule. Verbascotetraose is produced by the plant tissue through a biosynthetic process, which involves the transfer reactions of phosphorylated hexoses. The resulting product is then converted to stachyose and oligosaccharides by dephosphorylation, glycan synthesis, and chromatographic method.<br>The production of verbascotetraose has been demonstrated in soybean products incubated with cellotriose and glycoside derivatives.</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-4GlcNAcb1-3Gal (B antigen pentasaccharide Type II)</p>

2'-Fucosyllactose-APD-BSA is a high purity, custom synthesis, glycosylation, polysaccharide that is Click modified and methylated. 2'-Fucosyllactose-APD-BSA is a complex carbohydrate with a CAS number of 6440-85-3. This product is synthesized from the monosaccharide 2'-fucosyllactose and the oligosaccharide, APD. It has been shown to inhibit bacterial growth and supports the immune system by promoting antibody production after antigen stimulation. The fucose sugars on this product are linked to the phosphate backbone through an amide bond. This product can be used in glycoprotein research, molecular biology work, or as an adjuvant for vaccine formulation.

<p>Gala1-3Gal-HSA is a modified glycan with three terminal alpha-galactoside units. It is synthesized by the modification of Gala1-3Gal (saccharide) with HSA. This product is also fluorinated, methylated and click-modified. The chemical name for this product is 3-[(2S,3S)-2,3-bis[(carboxymethyl)amino]propyl]-alpha-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→4)-O-[(carboxymethyl)(hydroxyethyl)]-.</p>

<p>GalNAca1-3(Fuca1-2)Gal-HSA (6 atom spacer)</p>

<p>Agarose is a polysaccharide found in red algae, typically Gelidium and Gracilaria. It is a strictly alternating polysaccharide of α-1,3 linked D-galactose and β-1,4 linked L-3,6 anhydrogalactose with occasional sulfation at position 6 of the anhydrogalactose residue. Agaro-oligosaccharides result from cleavage at galactose residues and neoagaro-oligosaccharides from cleavage at 3,6-anhydro residues. A number of publications have suggested that agarodecaose has properties that include: anti-microbial, antiviral, prebiotic, anti-tumoral, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, glucosidase inhibitory, and hepatoprotective properties.</p>

<p>A2 N-glycan is a complex carbohydrate that is found in invertebrates and mammals. The A2 N-glycan was found to be the most abundant of all glycoproteins in invertebrates, with a relative abundance of over 50%. It has been shown that the A2 N-glycan can be modified by covalent linking to proteins, differentiating it from other glycans. These modifications may have an effect on the structural stability of the molecule and its susceptibility to environmental degradation. The A2 N-glycan also plays an important role in immunity, as it is immunogenic and can stimulate antibody production. This carbohydrate is uniquely found in humans, which suggests that it may have some importance in human physiology.</p>

<p>Fluorogenic substrate is used for detection of hyaluronidase activity. Urinary hyaluronidase activity is elevated in patients with intermediate and high grade bladder cancer; the expression of hyaluronidase and hyaluronan synthase-1 mRNA in malignant tissue can predict bladder cancer metastasis and disease recurrence (Kramer, 2011). These findings underscore the potential utility of the hyaluronidases to serve as biomarkers for bladder cancer. A novel fluorescent substrate labelled with two dyes: fluorescein as a green donor fluorophore, and rhodamine B as a red acceptor fluorophore, was therefore developed to measure hyaluronidase enzyme kinetics (Zhang, 2008). It was then demonstrated that simultaneous measurements of green and red emission of HA–FRET could be used to measure hyaluronidase presence and activity (Fudala, 2011).</p>

Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Galb1-3GlcNAcb1-3Gal (B antigen pentasaccharide Type I)

<p>N-Glycolyl GM1 ganglioside has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with N-glycolyl sialic acid linked α2,3 to the central galactose residu,e and ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue (Ledeen, 2009). SV40, Py, and the human BK viruses are unusual among viruses in that they use glycolipids as their major cell surface receptors. SV40 uses the N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) analog of the ganglioside GM1 [GM1(Gc)] as the cell surface receptor and it gave markedly stronger binding signals than the NeuAc analog [GM1(Ac)] (Campanero-Rhodes, 2007).</p>

<p>3-O-b-D-Galactosylsucrose is a synthetic, fluorinated, high purity, oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that contains an O-linked glycosylated monosaccharide. This product has been modified with a click modification. The CAS number for this product is 686717-73-7 and it can be synthesized to order.</p>

<p>N-Acetylneuraminic acid pentamer penta sodium is a modification of the N-acetylneuraminic acid monomer. It is a carbohydrate that is made up of five saccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds. The first four saccharides are N-acetylneuraminic acid and the fifth unit is D-mannose. This molecule has been synthesized for use as a vaccine adjuvant to increase the body's immune response to vaccines.</p>

<p>GM1-biotin ganglioside (sodium salt) has a core tetrasaccharide structure (Galβ1,3GalNAcβ1,4Galβ1,4Glc) with sialic acid linked α2,3 to the inner galactose residue, ceramide linked β to position 1 on the reducing terminal glucose residue, and biotin to position 5 on sialic acid (Ledeen, 2009). GM1 ganglioside is abundant in all mammalian brains where it covers 10%-20% of the total ganglioside mixture. It is found in epithelial membranes and is a key element for bacterial toxicity and viral infection as it is the intestinal receptor for the cholera toxin, the B-subunits of heat-labile toxin, rotavirus, and simian virus 40. GM1 ganglioside functions as a neurotrophic and neuroprotective compound, and has been used therapeutically for diabetic and peripheral neuropathies. GM1 ganglioside also has the ability to bind amyloid-β proteins and is involved in Alzheimer’s pathogenesis (Chiricozzi, 2020).</p>

α-1,4-glucododecasaccharide derived from starch by hydrolysis and chromatography

<p>The glycoconjugate is a glycosylation of an oligosaccharide with a monosaccharide. It is synthesized by the reaction of an activated saccharide with an alcohol or amine, and is modified by methylation, click modification, fluorination or acetylation. The glycoconjugate has been shown to be used as a potential treatment for cancer.</p>

<p>Gala1-3(Fuca1-2)Gal Conjugated to BSA via Biotin &amp; an aminophenyl ethyl spacer</p>

<p>Maltohexaose is a polysaccharide formed by 6 units of glucose and can be metabolised inside the cell to a substrate-based inhibitor of fucosyltransferases. It can also be converted to GDP-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-L-fucose, a competitive inhibitor of α-1,3-fucosyltransferase. Matohexaose is used as acceptor for measuring the activity of 4-Alpha-Glucanotransferase.</p>

<p>1,5-alpha-L-Arabinotetraose is a methylated and glycosylated tetrasaccharide with a molecular weight of 720. It is a custom synthesis product with high purity and it can be used for the modification of proteins, polysaccharides, or other compounds. 1,5-alpha-L-Arabinotetraose has been shown to have fluoroquinolone resistance due to its methylation and glycosylation. The compound is an oligosaccharide that is synthesized from arabinose. It can be modified by click chemistry to introduce fluorine atoms at desired positions.</p>

<p>a-Tetrasaccharide-APE-KLH is a modification of the original tetrasaccharide APE-KLH conjugate. This modified conjugate has increased stability and higher binding affinity to the Fc receptor, which is required for antibody therapy. It is synthesized by custom synthesis and has high purity, with a CAS number of 674797-36-5. The monosaccharides in this conjugate are methylated and glycosylated, with a molecular weight of 1254. The saccharides are fluorinated and saccharide with a molecular weight of 1354.</p>