Toxicologie

Applications Linear Daptomycin Hydrochloride Salt is the hydrochloride salt of L466470, which is the open-conformation of Daptomycin (D193350), cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic derived from a fermentation product of Streptomyces roseosporus; disrupts plasma membrane function in gram-positive bacteria. Antibacterial. Daptomycin Impurity
References Allen, N.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1093 (1987), Tully, F.P., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 8, 1223 (1999),

Applications N-Boc Gatifloxacin N-Oxide is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Gatifloxacin N-Oxide (G250005), which is an impurity of Gatifloxacin (G250000), an antibacterial agent.
References Bauernfeind, A.: J. Antimicro. Chemother., 40, 639 (1997), Fukuda, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 1917 (1998),

Applications Ethyl 3-(4-bromo-2-chlorophenyl)-3-oxopropionate (CAS# 131994-22-4) is a useful research chemical compound.

Applications Artemether Succinate Dimer is a derivative compound of Artemisinin (A777500), an antimalarial.
References Klayman, D.L., et al.: Science, 228, 1049 (1985); Price, R.N., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 9, 1815 (2000); Meshnick, S.R., et al.: Int. J., Parasitol., 32, 1655 (2002);

Applications [2R-[2α(S*),4β]]-4-[[(2,2-Dimethyl-1-oxopropoxy)methoxy]carbonyl]-α-[[(hexahydro-1H-azepin-1-yl)methylene]amino]-5,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolidineacetic Acid is an impurity of Pivmecillinam (P550700), an orally active prodrug of Amdinocillin (A576300), an broad spectrum penicillin antibiotic that binds specifically to penicillin binding protein 2.
References Ejim, L., et al.: Nature. Chem. Biol., 7, 348 (2011); Lees, G.M., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 73, 535 (1981);

Applications Ethyl-d5 Butyrate is the labeled analogue of Ethyl Butyrate (E900690), which is used in the preparation of novel 2-cyanopyrimidines as cathespin K inhibitors. Also used in the synthesis of pyridobenzimidazole derivatives exhibiting antifungal activity by the inhibition of β-1,6-glucan.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References By Rankovic, Z. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.,, 20, 1524 (2010); Takeshita, H. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 3893 (2010)

Applications 4-[4-(4-Aminophenyl)-1-piperazinyl]phendiamineol is an intermediate of Posaconazole (P689600), which is orally active antifungal triazole.
References Cacciapuoti, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 44, 2017 (2000); Herbrecht, R., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Pract., 58, 612 (2004); Panackal, A., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 44, 1740 (2006); Yan, X., et al.: Guangzhou Huagong, 41, 107 (2013);

Applications Methyl (1R,4S)-4-Amino-2-cyclopentene-1-carboxylate (2S,3S)-2,3-Dihydroxybutanedioic Acid is an intermediate used in the synthesis of ent-Abacavir (A105015), which is an enatiomer of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.

Applications O-Desmethyl-O-ethyl Albendazole-d5 is the isotope labelled analog of O-Desmethyl-O-ethyl Albendazole (D291825); an impurity of Albendazole (A511610) which is an anthelmintic.
References Li, A., et al.: Zhongguo Yiyao Gongye Zazhi, 22, 360 (1991); Zhao, Y., et al.: Org. Biomol. Chem., 6, 4509 (2008); Sanderson, H., et al.: Toxicol. Lett., 187, 84 (2009)

Applications Lopinavir O-Sulfate is a metabolite of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral. It is a COVID19-related research product.
References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)

Applications (5R)-Flucloxacillin N4-Acetyl Penilloic Acid is an impurity of Flucloxacillin (F419200), a new semisynthetic penicillin.
References Markovich, M., et al.: Antibiot. Med. Biotekhnol., 31, 603 (1986); Rahman, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 46, 1721 (1993); Silva, D., et al.: Med. Biol. Res., 37, 963 (2004);

Applications Silodosin Dimer 7-Cyano Benzoate is used in the process for preparation of considerably pure Silodosin. Silodosin (S465000) is an α1a-adrenoceptor antagonist. It is used in treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy.
References Gangwar, K. S., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. 31 pp. (2016); Kawabe, K., et al.: BJU Int., 98, 1019 (2006);

Applications 11-Oxo-fluticasone Furoate is an impurity of Fluticasone(F599500); an anti-inflammatory agent and a steroid.
References Meltzer, E. O., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 86, 221 (1990), Mitchison, H. C., et al.: Gut, 32, 260 (1991)

Applications (S)-Naproxen-d3 is the labeled analogue of (S)-Naproxen (N377520), an anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Harrison, I.T., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 203 (1970)

Applications 4-Desmethylene-4-hydroxymethyl-efinaconazole is a degradation product and potentially a metabolite of the antifungal drug Efinaconazole (E435070).
References Sugiura, K., et. al.: Antimicrob. Agents CH., 58, 3837 (2014);

Applications An intermediate in the production of Zolpidem metabolites
References Klupsch, F., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 54, 1318 (2006),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Isotope labelled Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.
References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Used in the preparation of hydroxyalbuterol and bromo-dimethoxyphenyl oxadiazoles with anti-Parkinson’s properties.
References Tiwari, S. & Kohli, D.: Med. Chem. Res., 17, 386 (2008); Yee, N. et a.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 2279 (1996)

Applications Chloroneb is a fungicide that has selective activity against certain fungi (e.g. Mucor and Pythium fungi), and is most commonly used for cotton seedlings and bean plants.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Gutenmann, W. & Lisk, D.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 17, 1008 (1969); Lyr, H. & Werner, P.: Pest. Biochem. Phys., 18, 69 (1982); Rhodes, R., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 19, 745 (1971)

Applications 2’-Monodehydroxy-2’-chloro Ganciclovir-N-acetylmono-O-p-methoxybenzoate is an analogue of Ganciclovir (G235000), a nucleoside analog structurally related to Acyclovir (A192400). Ganciclovir is an antiviral medicine.
References Halloran, P.J. and Fenton, R.G.: Cancer Res., 58, 3855 (1998); Rubsam, L.Z., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 669 (1999); Yamasaki, H., et al.: C.R. Acad. Sci. III, 322, 151 (1999)

Applications alpha-Linolenoyl Ethanolamide is an endocannabinoid containing a-linolenic acid.
References Hanus, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 3032-3034 (1993)

Applications (1R,4S)-4-Amino-2-cyclopentene-1-carboxylic Acid Methyl Ester Hydrochloride is an intermediate used in the synthesis of ent-Abacavir (A105015), which is an enatiomer of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.

Applications Isotope labelled (2R)-3-Carboxy-2-[(9-carboxy-1-oxononyl)oxy]-N,N,N-trimethyl-1-propanaminium Inner Salt is a useful intermediate that is often used in the metabolic studies of insulin production in humans.
References Shah, S.H.; et al.: Diabetologia, 55, 321 (2012)

Applications 17α-Cyanomethyl-19-nortestosterone is a metabolite of Norethindrone (N676000), an progesteron used in combination with estrogen as contraceptive.
References Oettel, M., et al.: Pharmazie., 48, 541 (1993); Wong, T.C., et al.: J. Chem. Soc., Perk. Trans., 5, 765 (1988); Schubert, K., et al.: Org. Chem., 20, 143 (1985);

Applications Methyl (2E)-[2-(chloromethyl)phenyl)](methoxyimino)acetate is an impurity from the pesticide active ingredient, Trifloxystrobin, a broad-spectrum foliar fungicide used in plant pritection.
References Margot, P. et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pest Dis., 2, 375 (1998); Karadimos, D.A. et al.: Crop Prot., 24, 23 (2005); Prom, L.K. et al.: Plant Dis., 87, 252 (2003);

Applications Protected Moxifloxacin metabolite.