Toxicologie

<p>Applications (2E)-3-(2-Thiazolyl)-2-propenoic Acid is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is used as an intermediate for HIV-1 protease inhibitor.<br>References Baloglu, E., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014085607 A1 20140605<br></p>

<p>Applications Benzyl 2-Acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-2-deoxy-β-D-glucopyranoside is a reactant used in the preparation of oligosaccharide and glucosamine containing peptides used as inhibitors of influenza virus neuraminidase.<br>References Zhang, J. et al.: Carbohyd. Res., 346, 1997 (2011); Liu, J. et al.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 124, 9789 (2002); Koto, S. et al.: Bull. Chem. Soc., 73, 173 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications t-Butyldimethylsilyl Tylosin is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Tylosin-d3 (T947652), which is labelled Tylosin (T947650). Tylosin is a macrolide antibiotic isolated from a strain of Streptomycetes fradiae found in soil from Thailand. Antibacterial.<br>References Hamill, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 11, 328 (1961), Corcoran, J.W., et al.: J. Antibiot., 30, 1012 (1977), Seno, E.T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemother., 11, 455 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications Isolopinavir is a metabolite of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral.<br>References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope Labelled Sulfamethizole is a sulfonamide based antibiotic that exhibit bactericidal activities towards gram-negative bacteria. Sulfamehizole was shown to be effective in treating gram-negative Bacillus AmpC enzyme in elderly patients with lower respiratory tract infection and as well as against microbs responsible for tuberculosis.<br>References Mondelli, M., et al.: J. Molec. Struct., 1036, 180 (2013); Leelakrishnana, S., et al.: Adv. App. Sci. Res., 3, 3502 (2012); Ghoreishi, S.M., et al.: Anal. Lett., 46, 323 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorpropham is particularly useful in agricultural settings. It is used in pesticide products for treatment of plants and soil.<br>References Wozniak, E., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020118278 A1<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Metabolite of the immunosuppressant macrolide SDZ RAD (also known as Everolimus E945400) which is an analog of the parent drug Rapamycin (R124000).<br>References Vidal, C. et al.: J. Am. Soc. Mass Spec., 9, 1267 (1998); Kovarik, J. M., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 69, 48 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications Octahydro-6-(phenylmethyl)-1H-Pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine is an intermediate in the synthesis of moxifoxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Somisetti, N. et al.: Org. Chem. Indian J., 7, 123 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cefotaxime Sodium Impurity G-d3 is the isotope labelled analog of Cefotaxime Sodium Impurity G (C242955); an impurity of Cefotaxime Sodium (C242950) which is a broad spectrum third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.<br>References Wise, R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 807 (1978); Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 11, 139 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled cis/trans-Chlorprothixene (C424850). Antipsychotic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rudy, B.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 2, 63 (1973), Bagli, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 46, 247 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications (1H-Indol-3-yl)methanamine is an indolic Tryptophan-derived metabolite with antifungal defense properties against Arabidopsis mlo2 mutant.<br>References Consonni, C., et al.: Plant Physiol., 152, 1544 (2010), Mahboobi, S., et al.: Archiv der Pharmazie , 327, 105 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications Useful as vasodilators, antihypertensives, and spasmolytics.<br></p>

<p>Applications 1-Cyclopropyl-8-ethoxy-6,7-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid is an impurity in the synthesis of Moxifloxacin (M745000), a fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.<br>References Woodcock, J.M., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 41, 101 (1997), Stass, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 2060 (1998)<br></p>

<p>Applications 6-Chloro-2-cyclohexyl-2,3-dihydro-1,3-dioxo-1H-isoindole-5-sulfonamide is an intermediate in the synthesis of Chlorexolone (C327080), a sulfonamide based antibiotic.<br></p>

<p>Applications Demethyltrichlorfon Sodium Salt is a metabolite of Trichlorfon (T773855), an irreversible organophosophate insecticide with acetylcholinesterase inhibitor activity and the prodrug of Dichlorvos (D435950).<br>References Najafi, N.M., et. al.: J. Struct. Chem., 52, 713 (2011); Li, R., et al.: App. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 94, 1553 (2012); Bakirci, G.T., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 1901 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Oxycodone. Controlled substance (opiate). Analgesic (narcotic).<br>References Mendelson, J., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 60, 105 (1996), Fudala, P., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 349, 949 (2003), Alho, H., et al.: Drug Alcohol Depend., 88, 75 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled imidazole, a versatile heterocycle used in the preparation of various biologically active compounds such as the amino acid histidine and is present in many antifungal medication. It is also used extensively as a corrosion inhibitor on transition metals such as copper.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Arispe, N. et al.: Biophys. J., 95, 4879 (2008); Troesken, E.R. et al.: Endo. Res., 30, 387 (2004); Otmacic Curkovic, H. et al.: Corr. Sci., 51, 2342 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Applications 13-O-Ethylamphotericin B is an analogue of 13-O-Methylamphotericin B (M287440), an antifungal. 13-O-Methylamphotericin B is a derivative of Amphotericin B (A634250), a polypeptide antibiotic active against gram positive bacteria. Antifungal.<br>References Taylor, A.W., et. al.: J. Antibiot., 46, 486 (1993); Asher, I.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 6, 1, (1977)<br></p>

<p>Applications A diruetic. An antihypertensive.<br>References Curry, C.L., et al.: Clin. Ther., 9, 47 (1986), Kiyingi, A., et al.: Lancet, 335, 29 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Applications N,N-Diethylphenylacetamide, is a multi-insect repellent with a faint pleasant smell.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Rakkiyappan, C., et al.: Int. J. Poly. Mat., 61, 1154 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled analogue of Cyhexatin, a derivative of tricyclohexyltin and an effective acaricide used in the control of spider mites.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Jeppson, L.R. et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 61, 1502 (1968); Rudd, J.A. et al.: Exp. Appl. Acarol., 21, 615 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications (2R,3R)- 2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2,3-butanediol Methanesulfonate is a useful synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of Efinaconazole (E435070); a topical antifungal for onychomycosis. (2R,3R)- 2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-2,3-butanediol Methanesulfonate is also used as a reagent in the synthesis of Ravuconazole (R128000); an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor and antifungal.<br>References Sugiura, K., et. al.: Antimicrob. Agents CH., 58, 3837 (2014); Pesti, J., et al.: Org. Process Res. Dev., 13, 716 (2009); Fung-Tomc., J.C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 42, 313 (1988); Tsuruoka, A., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 46, 623 (1998); Gupta, A.K., et al.: J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol., 19, 437 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloroquine N-oxide is a metabolite of Chloroquine (C379965), a standard anti-malarial drug. Substrate for MRP in multidrug resistant cell line and inhibits photoaffinity labelling of MRP by quinoline-based photoactive drug IAAQ.<br>References Luthman, H., et al.: Nucleic Acids Res., 11, 1295 (1983), Vezmar, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 56, 733 (1998), Krajewski, W.A., et al.: J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 16, 1097 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Clindamycin (C580000) derivative. Used in the preparation of Clindamycin impurities.<br></p>

<p>Applications Vinclozolin is an agricultural fungicide which acts through an anti-androgenic mode of action, however is incapable of disrupting endocrine homeostasis (1). Affects male reproductive organs through increased gonad activity with spermatogenesis with deformities (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Flick, B. et al.: Arch. Toxicol. 2017 Apr;91(4):1941-1956.2. Watermann, B. et al.: J. Environ. Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng. 2016 Nov 9;51(13):1111-20.<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of HIV-1 Protease Inhibitor. An isomeric impurity of Bisfuranol.<br>References Surleraux, D.L. et al.: 48, 1813 (2005); Chen, X. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 2847 (1996);<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Mercaptobenzonitrile is a building block used as a reactant in the synthesis and in vitro anti-hepatitis B virus activities of some ethyl 6-bromo-5-hydroxy-1H-indole-3-carboxylates.<br>References Chai, H., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 14, 911 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled analog of Ezetimibe (E975000). SCH 58053 is a potent, rapid, and selective inhibitor of lymphatic cholesterol transport in the intestine.<br>References Ly, H., et al.: Biochem. J., 286, 937 (1992), Dujovne, C., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 90, 1092 (2002), Repa, J., et al.: J. Lipid Res., 43, 1864 (2002), Knopp, R., et al.: Eur. Heart J., 24, 729 (2003), Altmann, S., et al.: Science, 303, 1201 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-[(1S,2S)-1-Ethyl-2-(phenylmethoxy)propyl]hydrazine is an impurity of Posaconazole (P689600), which is orally active triazole antifungal.<br>References Cacciapuoti, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 44, 2017 (2000); Herbrecht, R., et al.: Int. J. Clin. Pract., 58, 612 (2004); Panackal, A., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 44, 1740 (2006);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications N-Methylazetidin-3-amine Dihydrochloride is a useful reagent for synthesis of novel oxazine and thiazine ring-​fused tricyclic quinolonecarboxylic acids, which are good bactericides.<br>References Okada, T., et al.: J. Heterocycl. Chem., 28, 1067 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lopinavir Impurity<br>Applications 4,5-Dehydro(pyrimidin-2(1H)-one) Lopinavir is an impurity of Lopinavir (L469480); a selective HIV protease inhibitor and antiviral. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Sham, H.L., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 42, 3218 (1998); Kumar, G.N., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 86 (1999); Murphy, R.L., et al.: Antiviral Ther., 4, Suppl. 3, 85 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications An orally active, labelled synthetic nonpeptide renin inhibitor. Antihypertensive.<br>References Lefevre, G., et al.: J. Immunoassay, 21, 65 (2000), Allikments, K., et al.: Curr. Opin. Invest. Drugs, 3, 1479 (2002), Wood, J.M., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 308, 698 (2003), Grandman, A.H., et al.: Circulation, 111, 1012 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Indomethacin Acyl-β-D-glucopyranuronic Acid Phenyl Ester is a compound useful in organic synthesis.<br></p>