Toxicologie

Applications (1S,2R,6R)-6-Acetoxy-2-((bis(benzyloxy)phosphoryl)oxy)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl benzoate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Shikimate-3-phosphate (S357026), an substrate for 5-Enolpyruvoyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the target for the board-spectrum herbicide N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine(glyphosate).
References Mooney, C.A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 57, 3154 (2014);

Applications (±)-trans-Chrysanthemic Acid is an related compound of natural and synthetic insecticides such as pyrethroids. Chrysanthemic acid is also found naturally occurring in seeds of Chrysanthemum.
References Suzuki, Y., et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem., 59, 10182 (2011);

Applications Tolbutamide derivative.
References Relling, et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 252, 442 (1990), Parent, et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 261, 780 (1992), Ho, et al.: Life Sci., 52, 21 (1993),

Applications A sulfometabolite of Moxifloxacin (M745000).
References Dalhoff, A., et al.: Drugs, 58, 239 (1999), Ahmed, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 60, 55 (2008),

Applications O-Benzyl Ganciclovir N-Formyl Diacetate Dimer is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Valganciclovir N3,N3'-Methylene Dimer (>90%) (V092015), which is an impurity of Valganciclovir (V092000), a pro-drug of Ganciclovir (G235000) . Used in treatment of retro-virus.
References Acosta, E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 81, 867 (2007), Nassetta, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 63, 862 (2009),

Applications ((2S,4R)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.
References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)

Applications (1-Ethoxycarbonylethyl)triphenylphosphonium Bromide is a reagent that is used in the preparation abd Hepatitis C virus polymerase NS5B inhibitory of cyclohexylpyrazolylmethylacrylic acid.
References Martin S. W., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 2869 (2011);

Applications Trimazosin is useful in therapy as potent antihypertensive agents.
References Andrews, C., et al.: Pharm. Res., 17, 639 (2000), Davis, A., et al.: Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol., 8, 378 (2004), Votano, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 7169 (2006),

Applications Isotope labelled analogue of Thiothiamine, an impurity of Thiamine (T344185). Thiothiamine inhibits the activity of glutamate decarboxylase and decreases the concentration of GABA in brain tissue. Thiamine Impurity A;
References Koval'chuk, V.G. et al.: Tezisy Dokl.- Konf. Beloruss. Biokhim. O-va., 2, 135 (1974); Ostrovskii, Y. et al.: Biokhimiya, 34, 488 (1969);

Applications 4-Bromo-2,5-dichlorophenol is a building block that has been used as a reactant in the preparation of phenoxy-nicotinamides with bile acid receptor GPBAR1 (TGR5) inhibiotory activity.
References Martin, R.E., et. al.: ChemMedChem, 8, 569 (2013)

Applications 2-Chlorobenzhydrol is used as a reagent in the synthesis of bifonazole analogs which have antibacterial and antifungal activities. 2-Chlorobenzhydrol is also a reagent in the preparation of cinnamyl piperazine derivatives which have anticonvulsant activity.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References El Hage, S., et al.: Arch. Pharm., 344, 402 (2011); Hu, C., et al.: Lett. Drug Des. Discov., 7, 661 (2010)

Applications N-(2-Succinyl) Fluvoxamine Bis-methyl Ester is an intermediate in synthesizing N-(2-Succinyl) Fluvoxamine (S688800), a Fluvoxamine impurity.
References Wieling, J., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 635, 195 (1993); Hilhorst, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 16, 1251 (1998)

Applications (3aα,4β,7aα)-4-(Acetyloxy)-3a,4,7,7a-tetrahydro-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione is an intermediate in the synthesis of (3aα,4β,7aα)-3a,4,7,7a-Tetrahydro-4-hydroxy-1H-isoindole-1,3(2H)-dione (T293630), which is a metabolite of Captan (C175725), a fungicide, often added to pesticide mixtures used to control diseases among fruits, vegetables.
References Kukla, D. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 43, 1224 (1995); Afful, S., et al.: Res. J. App. Sci., Eng. Technol., 2, 592 (2010), Engelen, K., et al.: J. Prot. Res., 9, 4919 (2010), Lagunas-Allue, L., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 398, 1509 (2010),

Applications N,N-Dimethylformamide Di-tert-butyl Acetal is used as a reagent in the synthesis of fused bicyclic ethers which act as herbicides on broad-leaved weeds. It is also used as a reagent in the preparation and biological evaluation of cystobactamide 507 which is bacterial topoisomerase inhibitor.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Schaetzer, J., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 24, 4643 (2014); Casalini, F., et al.: Moreno, M., et al.: Synlett, 26, 1175 (2015)

Applications (1S,2R,6R)-6-Acetoxy-2-(bis(4-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)methoxy)-4-(ethoxycarbonyl)cyclohex-3-en-1-yl Benzoate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Shikimate-3-phosphate (S357026), an substrate for 5-Enolpyruvoyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS), the target for the board-spectrum herbicide N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine(glyphosate).

Applications Digoxin-4’’’-O-tetra-O-acetyl β-D-Glucopyranoside is an intermediate in the synthesis of Digoxigenin Tetradigitoxoside (D446510), which is a digoxin (Dx) (D446575) impurity.
References Fujii, Y., et al.: Clin. Chem., 37, 476 (1991), Salphati, L., et al.: Xenobiotica, 29, 171 (1999), Song, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 689 (1999),

Applications Protected 17β-Estradiol.

Applications 7β-Estradiol (E888000) derivative.

Applications Labelled Ethyl Alcohol, used in alcoholic beverages in suitable dilutions. Other uses are as solvent in laboratory and industry , in the manufacture of denatured alcohol, pharmaceuticals, in perfumery, in organic synthesis.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wang, R. et al.: Green Chem., 15, 1155 (2013); Zhao, D. et al.: Chem. Eng. J., 221, 99 (2013); Huang, C. et al.: J. Agri. Food Chem., 61, 4326 (2013); Joichi, A. et al.: Aroma Res., 11, 256 (2010); Wiberg, G.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 16, 718 (1970), Brown, N.A., et al.: Science, 206, 573 (1979),

Applications 3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy] Ergosta-7,24(28)-diene is an intermediate in the synthesis of Episterol which is a compound influencing ergosterol biosynthesis, and thus acting as an antifungal agent.
References Mallory, J. et al.: Pharmacol., 3, 179 (2012); Mueller, C. et al.: Steroids, 78, 483 (2013);

Applications ((2R,4S)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.
References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)

Applications (9Z)-Erythromycin A Oxime is a metabolite of Roxithromycin (R700850) in humans.
References Zhong, D. et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 552 (2000)

Applications 17β-Estradiol (E888000) metabolite. An inhibitor of androstenedione aromatization, which is responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Agonistic ligands for the estrogen receptor in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
References Numazawa, M. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 96, 51 (2005); Vollmer, G. et al.: J. Seroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 39, 359 (1991); Brueggemeier, R. et al.: J. Steroid. Biochem., 21, 709 (1984)

Applications (E)-(5,6-Dihydro-1,4,2-dioxazin-3-yl)[2-[(tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)oxy]phenyl]-methanone O-Methyloxime-d4 is an intermediate used in the synthesis of Fluoxastrobin-d4 (F596702), which is a labelled Fluoxastrobin (F596700). Leaf-systemic broad-spectrum fungicide for use in cereal and food crops; member of methoxy-imiodihydro-dioxazines. Agricultural fungicide.
References Milus, E., et al.: Plant Dis., 78, 697 (1994), D'Mello, J., et al.: Eur. J. Plant Pathol., 104, 745 (1998), Domijan, A., et al.: Food Addit. Contam., 22, 677 (2005),

Applications Chlordene is an organochlorine pesticide/insecticide used in the protection of crops from pests.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Shoeib, M. et al.: Env. Toxicol. Chem., 21, 984 (2002); Parlar, H. et al.: J. Agric. Food. Chem., 27, 278 (1979);

Applications ((2S,4S)-2-(Chloromethyl)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl 4-Methylbenzenesulfonate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.
References Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989), Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)

Applications Isotope labelled 4-(Benzyloxy)-3-methoxy-benzyl Alcohol is an intermediate in the synthesis of gemifloxacin (G336000),an third generation fluorinated quinolone antibacterial.
References Feng, L.S., et al.: European. J. Med. Chem., 55, 125 (2012);

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Dihydroxyacetone Phosphate Lithium Salt, is a metabolic intermediate involved in involved in a wide variety of metabolic pathways including glycolysis and lipid biosynthesis. In plants, Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is involved with the synthesis of vitamin B6.
References Jun Ogawa et. al.: et al.: Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry, 67(4), undefined (2003-6-6); John P Richard, Biochemistry, 51(13), undefined (2012-3-14);

Applications 4-Hydroxy Estrone 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide Triacetate Methy Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of 4-Hydroxyestradiol 4-O-β-D-Glucuronide Sodium Salt, which is a glucuronide derivative of 4-Hydroxy-17β-estradiol (H941895); a metabolite of Estradiol (E888000) which is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.
References Bucala, R., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 60, 841 (1985); Telang, N., et al.: Anticancer Res., et al.: 11, 1021 (1991); Seeger, H., et al.: Med. Sci. Res., 26, 481 (1998); Bolton, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 13, 135 (2000); Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986); Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987)

Applications Fluazifop-methyl is an intermediate in the synthesis of (±)-Fluazifop (F407430). (±)-Fluazifop is a grass-selective herbicide which inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase in sensitive plant species.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Walker, K.A., et. al.: Biochem. J., 254, 307 (1988); Hajslova, J., et. al.: J. Chrom., 438, 55 (1988)

Applications Used in the preparation of quinolones, benzoxazolones, and benzoxazinones as β agonists for the treatment of respiratory diseases

Applications (3β,5α,22E)-3-[[(1,1-Dimethylethyl)diphenylsilyl]oxy] Ergosta-7,22-diene is an intermedate in the synthesis of Episterol which is a compound influencing ergosterol biosynthesis, and thus acting as an antifungal agent.
References Mallory, J. et al.: Pharmacol., 3, 179 (2012); Mueller, C. et al.: Steroids, 78, 483 (2013);

Applications 3-Hydroxy Carbamazepine tert-Butyldimethylsilyl Ether is an protected metabolite of Carbamazepine (C175840).
References Park, B., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 36, 581 (1987), Yamazaki, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 1260 (1999), Dieckhaus, C., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 14, 958 (2001),

Applications (S)-Carnitine Mesylate, Mesylate Salt (cas# 161886-60-8) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications 4-isopropylaniline is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a metabolite of phenylurea herbicide isoproturon. It was used in the hydroamination of phenylacetylene.
References Peeters, A., et al.: Audio, Transactions of the IRE Professional Group on, 47, 4114 (2011); Sørensen, S., et al.: Pest Manag. Sci., 59, 1118 (2003)

Applications Protected Irinotecan metabolite.

Applications 3-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxyoleyl Carnitine Ester (Mixture of Chloride and Bromide Salts) is an analog of Carnitine (C184110), an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fatty acids.

Applications (R)-(-)-2,2-Dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-ylmethyl p-Toluenesulfonate is a chiral building block. It is used to prepare the antifungal agent ketoconazole. It is also used to prepare acyclic Nucleotide Analogs Derived from 8-Azapurines with antiviral activities.
References Rotstein, D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 2818 (1992); Holy, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 4073 (1996)

Applications 3,5-Di(tert-butyldimethylsilyl) Rosuvastatin Acyl-β-D-glucuronide Allyl Ester is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Stability Moisture Sensitive
Applications An unknown impurity from the synthesis of Telmisartan (T017000).
References Wienen, W., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 110, 245 (1993), Neutel, J.M., and Smith, D.H.G.: Adv. Ther., 15, 206 (1998);

Applications 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Methyl Ester is a biogenic amine metabolite. 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Methyl Ester is used in the preparation of antioxidants and bacteriostatic agents. It is used in the synthesis of noncompetitive AMPA receptor antagonists as benzodiazepines, as well as optically active quinolones with dopaminergic properties.
References Verhe, R. et al.: Bull. Lais. Gr. Polyphen., 16, 237 (1992); Anggard, E. et al.: J. Chrom., 50, 251 (1970); Cabedo, N. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 44, 1794 (2001); Zappala, M. et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 16, 167 (2006);

Applications Ticlopidine-d6 Hydrochloride is the labeled analogue of Ticlopidine (T438325), an antithrombotic, and a platelet aggregation inhibitor.
References Leblonde, G., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 27, 2099 (1978), O’Brien, J.R., et al: Thromb. Res., 13, 245 (1978), Katsumura, T., et al.: Angiology, 33, 357 (1982),

Applications Used in the preparation of labeled cocaine analogs.
References Carroll, F.I., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35, 2497 (1992),

Applications N-[[P(S),2'R]-2'-deoxy-3'-O-[(1,1-dimethylethyl)dimethylsilyl]-2'-fluoro-2'-methyl-P-phenyl-5'-uridylyl]-L-alanine 1-Methylethyl Ester is an intermediate in the synthesis of Sofosbuvir (R)-Phosphate (S675615), which is an impurity of PSI-7977 (P839640), a prodrug that is metabolized to the active antiviral agent 2'-deoxy-2'-α-fluoro-β-C-methyluridine-5'-monophosphate and is currently being investigated in phase 3 clinical trials for the treatment of hepatitis C. Studies have profiled PSI-7977 as a nucleotide inhibitor of hepatitis C virus, exerting selective inhibitory effects towards HCV NS5B polymerase.
References Lam, A.M.,et al.: Antimicrob. Agents. Chemotherapy., 56, 3359 (2012); Lam, A.M., et al.: J. Virol., 85, 12334 (2011); Sofia, M.J., et al.: J. Medn. Chem., 53, 7202 (2010)

Applications 5β-Dihydrocortisol 21-O-(1-Ethoxy Ethyl) Ether-d6 is an isotope labelled intermediate in the synthesis of Tetrahydro Cortisone-d6 (T293377), which is a normal mammalian metabolite of Cortisone (C696500).
References Schneider, et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 183, 365 (1950), Barkemeyer, et al.: Appl. Microbiol., 8, 237 (1960),

Applications 4-Hydroxyestradiol 3-O-β-D-Glucuronide is a glucuronide derivative of 4-Hydroxy-17β-estradiol (H941895); a metabolite of Estradiol (E888000) which is the major estrogen secreted by the premenopausal ovary.
References Bucala, R., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 60, 841 (1985); Telang, N., et al.: Anticancer Res., et al.: 11, 1021 (1991); Seeger, H., et al.: Med. Sci. Res., 26, 481 (1998); Bolton, J., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 13, 135 (2000); Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986); Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987)

Applications (1S,2R)-1-((2S,3R,4S,6R)-3-Acetamido-4,6-diacetoxy-6-(methoxycarbonyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl)propane-1,2,3-triyl Triacetate is an intermediate in synthesizing 2-O-Methyl-α-D-N-acetylneuraminic Acid (M275400), which is a model compound for studies of binding of influenza virus hemagglutinin and metal ions.
References Sauter, N.K., et al.: Biochemistry, 28, 8388 (1989); Sharon, N., et al.: Science, 246, 227 (1989); Nagy, J.O., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 35 (23), (1992); Knibbs, R.N., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268 (25), 18524 (1993)

Applications An impurity arising in the synthesis of Simvastatin.

Applications 3-tert-Butyldimethylsilyloxyoleyl O-(Methoxymethoxy)carnitine Ester Chloride Salt is an analog of Carnitine (C184110), an essential cofactor for the metabolism of fatty acids.

Applications Phthalamic Acid is a reactant in the synthesis of phthalimide derivatives with analgesic activity.
References Gajare, S.P., Mahajan, S.S.: Int. J. Pharmaceut. Phytopharmacol. Res., 1, 357 (2012)

Applications A labelled degradation product of Desloratadine. Desloratadine impurity.
References ,Billah., et al.: Lipids, 26, 1172 (1991), Piwinski., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 34(1), 457 (1991)

Applications Phenobarbital 1,3-Diethyl Butyrate is a byproduct in the synthesis of Phenobarbital 1-Butyric Acid (P316750) which is a Phenobarbital derivative.
References Deleide, G., et al.: Clin. Chimica Acta, 99, 195 (1979),

Applications 20β-Dihydrocortisol 21-Acetate is an intermediate in the synthesis of 20β-Dihydrocortisol (D448740), which could be used as a potential non invasive diagnostic test of transmissible spongiform encephalopaties. 20β-Dihydrocortisol is a metabolite of Cortisol (H714615), a steroid hormone, more specifically a glucocorticoid, produced by the zona fasciculata of the adrenal gland. Cortisol is released in response to stress and a low level of blood glucocorticoids. Its primary functions are to increase blood sugar through gluconeogenesis; suppress the immune system; and aid in fat, protein and carbohydrate metabolism.
References Schelcher, F., et. al.: Endocrinology, 140, 2422 (1999); Phillipov, G., et. al.: J. Clin. Endocr. Metab., 81, 3855 (1996); Vigore, L., et al.: Cancer Ther., 6, 699 (2008); Puurunen, J., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 94, 1973 (2009); Lemos, D., et al.: J. Endocrinol., 201, 275 (2009); Chen, S., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 296 (2009)

Applications A coordination compound for treatment of cervix cancer.
References Jiang, M., et al.: Methods Mol. Biol., 292, 401 (2005), Fujii, T., et al.: Int. J. Oncol., 29, 541 (2006), Niu, X., et al.: Int. J. Gynecol. Cancer, 16, 743 (2006),

Applications Labelled Blonanserin (B595850). A 5-HT2 serotonin receptor and D2 dopamine receptor antagonist, used as an antipsychotic.
References Oka, T., et al.: Life Sci., 76, 225 (2004), Singh, A., et al.: Int. Med. J., 12, 175 (2005), Ochi, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., Lett., 15, 1055 (2005),

Applications Protected Paclitaxel.

Applications Simvastatin t-Butyldimethylsilyl Acyl-β-D-glucuronide-O-acrylate is an intermediate in synthesizing Simvastatin Acyl-β-D-glucuronide (S485005), a metabolite of Simvastatin.
References Billecke, S., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 28, 1335 (2000); Draganov, D., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 275, 33435 (2000); Igel, M., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 57, 357 (2001)

Applications Hexachloropropanone is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a reagent used for the conversion of nucleoside-3′-phosphonates to the corresponding phosphates and for the polymerization of vinyl compounds.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Garegg, P., et al.: J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. I, 6, 1269 (1972); Deming, T., et al.: 26, 7089 (1993)

Applications 1,1'-Oxybis[2-chloro-ethane] is a carcinogen. It is an intermediate used to prepare 2,2'-[Oxybis(2,1-ethanediylimino)]bis-ethanol which is patented as one of the antibacterial oral compositions in mouthwash.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Norpoth, K., et al.: J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol., 112, 125 (1986); Weisburger, E., et al.: J. Nat. Cancer. Inst., 67, 75 (1981); Gaffar, A., et al.: U.S. (1980), US 4224309 A 19800923.

Applications The labelled epimer of Medroxyprogesterone acetate (M203560). Progesterone impurity.
References Tang, M., et al.: Endocrinol., 151, 1320 (2010), Lee, K., et al.: Mol. Cell. Endocrinol., 319, 109 (2010), Rodgers, A., et al.: Chem., Res. Toxicol., 23, 724 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010),

Applications Cefixime 1-Oxide is a by-product in the synthesis of Cefixime 1,1-Dioxide (C242860), which is a metabolite of Cefixime (C242800), an orally active, third generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
References Kamimura, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 25, 98 (1984),Yamanaka, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 38, 1738 (1985), Guay, D.R.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 30, 485 (1986),

Stability Unstable in solution (DMSO or Methanol)
Applications Moxalactam Sodium is an oxacephem antibiotic. Moxalactam Sodium is more effective against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa than cephalosporins.
References Yamamoto, K. et al.: Chemotherapy, 28, 1158 (1980); Toyonaga, Y. et al.: Jap. J. Antibiot., 34, 764 (1981); Nishimura, T. et al.: Jap. J. Antibiot., 34, 800 (1981):

Applications 1-[2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-2,3-epoxypropyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole is an epoxy impurity of the antifungal agent Fluconazole (F421000).
References Bourichi, H. et al.: STP Pharm. Prat., 18, 285 (2008); Dongre, V.G. et al.: J. Pharmac. Biomed. Anal., 42, 334 (2006)