Toxicologie

<p>Applications Trifloxystrobin Acid is a foliar fungicide.<br>References Kolosova, A., et al.: Talanta, 162, 495 (2017); Luo, X., et al.: Biomed. Chromatogr, PagesAhead of Print (2019); Wang, C., et al.: Environ. Monit Assess., 187, 1 (2015)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of 1-Hydroxypyrene, which is found in human urine after exposure to coal tar and a coal derived product.<br>References Jongeneelen, F.J., et al.: Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health, 57, 47 (1985)<br></p>

<p>Applications Growth hormone-release inhibiting factor; treatment of severe, acute hemorrhage of gastroduodenal ulcers; experimental antidiabetic.<br>References Brazeau, P., et al.: Science, 179, 77 (1973), Siler, T.M., et al.: J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab., 37, 632 (1973), Pradayrol, L., et al.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun., 85, 701 (1978), Mandarino, L., et al.: Nature, 291, 76 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ganciclovir EP Impurity I<br>Applications O,O'-Dipropanal Ganciclovir (Ganciclovir EP Impurity I) is derived from Ganciclovir (G235000), which is a nucleoside analog structurally related to Acyclovir (A192400). Ganciclovir is an antiviral.<br>References Halloran, P.J. and Fenton, R.G.: Cancer Res., 58, 3855 (1998), Rubsam, L.Z., et al.: Cancer Res., 59, 669 (1999), Yamasaki, H., et al.: C.R. Acad. Sci. III, 322, 151 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications A deuterated tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Highly specific for BCR-ABL, the enzyme associated with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and certain forms of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Schindler, T., et al.: Science, 289, 1938 (2000), Drucker, B.J., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 344, 1031 (2001),<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorphenesin-D5 is an isotopic labeled form of Chlorphenesin (C424250). Chlorphenesin is an antigen-associated immunosuppressant that inhibits IgE-mediated histamine release. Chlorphenesin is also used as an antimycotic agent.<br>References Whang, H.Y. et al.: Infect. Immun., 2, 60 (1970); Lichtenstein, L.M. et al.: J. Immunol., 103, 866 (1969); Thoma, K. et al.: Pharmazie, 52, 362 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Diphacinone is an anticoagulant rodenticide widely used to control rodent infestations.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Eason, C., et al.: Ecotoxicology, 11, 35 (2002), Hegdal, P., et al.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 7, 245 (1988), Stone, W., et al.: Environ. Contam. Tox., 70, 34 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Semisynthetic antibiotic. Antibacerial (tuberculostatic).<br>References Furesz, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 16, 316 (1970), Gallo, G.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 5, 467 (1976),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Indoxyl-β-D-glucoside is a constitute of Isatis indigotica Chinese medicinal herb widely used for the treatment of influenza, viral pneumonia, mumps, pharyngitis, and hepatitis. It is also used in many Chinese medicinal feeds with the effect of reducing stress reaction of livestock and fowls and enhancing immunity.<br>References Zou, P., et al.: Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 21, 1239 (2007); Hou, Y., et al.: Toxicon, 52, 440 (2008); Liu, M., et al.: From Faming Zhuanli Shenqing (2008), CN 101243831 A 20080820;<br></p>

<p>Applications A metabolite of Caffeic acid.<br>References Zhu, B., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 269, 292 (1994), Azuma, K., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 48, 5496 (2000), Stark, T., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 54, 5530 (2006), Hensel, A., et al.: Planta Med., 73, 142 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications Usnic Acid Sodium acts as an antibacterial and antifungal agent, and are often seen used in cosmetics and facial application chemicals.<br>References Ferrarese, L. et al.: Cosm. Tech. et al.: 11, 25 (2008); Coiffard, C. et al.: Annal. Pharm. Dranc., 57, 392 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications Fenobuccarb is a carbamate insecticide used as an agricultural insecticide on rice and cotton.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Strempel, S., et al.: Envrion. Toxicol. Chem., 32, 1187 (2013); Xu, X.M., et al.: Food. Chem., 135, 161 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Irgarol is a highly specific and effective inhibitor of photosynthesis. This makes it ideal, combined with its very low water solubility, for use in long-life antifouling coatings for marine applications to prevent the growth of algae.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Okamura, H., et al.: J. Environ. Sci. Health, B34, 225 (1999); Comber, S., et al.: Sci. Total Environ., 286, 61 (2002); Gatidou, G, et al.: Environ. Int., 33, 70 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Linezolid. Prototype of the oxazolidinone antimicrobials; inhibits bacterial mRNA translation.<br>References Brickner, S.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 673 (1996), Ford, C.W., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 1508 (1996), Rybak, M.J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 18, 456 (1998), Stevens, D.L., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 1481 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Itraconazole Impurity 16<br>Applications cis-[2-(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl-methyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methyl Methanesulfonate (Itraconazole Impurity 16) is an impurity in the synthesis of Itraconazole (I937500), an orally active antimycotic structurally related to Ketoconazole. Antifungal.<br>References Espinel-Ingroff, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 26, 5 (1984), Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989);<br></p>

<p>Applications The labelled enatiomeric analogue of the antimicrobial agent Thiamphenicol (T344160).<br>References Gal, J. et al.: J. Pharmac. Sci., 77, 1062 (1988); Martin, J. et al.: Anal. Biochem., 96, 215 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Ethyl Deoxycholate is the ethyl ester of the common bile salt Deoxycholic Acid (D232645), a Cholic Acid (C432600) derivative used as a component in cell lysis buffers.<br>References Tuangtong, R. et al.: Dermatol. Surg., 36, 899 (2010); Araki, Y. et al.: Scand. J. Gast., 36, 533 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Duloxetine Phthalamide Impurity<br>Applications (S)-Duloxetine Phthalamide is an impurity of (S)-Duloxetine present with enteric polymer hydroxypropylmethylcellulose phthalate (HPMCP) in dosage formulations.<br>References Jansen, P.J., et al.: J. Pharmaceut. Sci., 87, 81 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oseltamivir EP Impurity E Glucose Adduct is a byproduct in the synthesis of Oseltamivir Glucose Adduct 1 (O701035), which is derived from Oseltamivir Phosphate (O701000), which is an orally active inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase; converted in vivo to the active acid metabolite (an antiviral drug). It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Oliyai, R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 15, 1300 (1998), Kim, C.U., et al.: Med. Chem. Res., 8, 392 (1998), Hayden, F.G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 341, 1336 (1999), Treanor, J.J., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 283, 1016 (2000)<br></p>