Toxicologie

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Glycocholic Acid Sodium Salt is a biochemical formed by the conjugation of cholic acid (C432600) with glycine (G615990).
References Monalisa, M., et al.: Langmuir, 27 (2011);

Applications Pirenoxine, is a medication used in the possible treatment and prevention of cataracts.
References Liao, J. H. et al.: Inorganic Chemistry. 50 (1): 365–377.

Applications Juvenile Hormone B 3 is a sesquiterpenoid produced by the larval ring gland and adult corpus allatum (CA) of Drosophila melanogaster. Juvenile hormones regulate development, reproduction, diapause, and polyphenisms.
References Wang, Ch., et al.: Gen. Comp. Endocr., 176, 347 (2012); Bendena, W.G., et al.: Gen. Comp. Endocr., 172, 56 (2011); Wyatt, G., Davey, K.: Adv. Insect Physiol., 26, 1 (1996); Nijhout, H.: Insect Hormones (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton) (1994)

Impurity Verapamil EP Impurity J HCl
Applications Nor Verapamil Hydrochloride (Verapamil EP Impurity J HCl) is a metabolite of Verapamil.
References Mutlib, A.E., et al.: The Journal of Pharm. & Exp. Therapeutics, 252, 2, 593 (1989)

Stability Light Sensitive, Temperature Sensitive
Applications A metabolite of all-trans Retinoic acid (R250200).
References Idres, N., et al.: Cancer Res., 61, 700 (2001), Taimi, M., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 77 (2004), Vermot, J., et al.: Science, 308, 563 (2005),

Applications Atorvastatin impurity. Atorvastatin Methyl Ester
References Graul, A., et al.: Drugs Future, 22, 956 (1997),

Impurity Olmesartan Medoxomil EP Impurity D
Applications Olmesartan medoxomil intermediate.
References Birkenhager, W., et al.: J. Hypertens, 17, 873 (1999), Whittaker, A., et al.: Br. J. Cardiol., 12, 125 (2005),

Applications Forsythoside A is used as an antiinflammatory agent in traditional Chinese medicine.
References Li, H. et al.: Phytother. Res., 25, 338 (2011);

Applications (R,S)-Equol is a human urinary metabolite of the soy isoflavones Daidzein (D103500).
References Heinonen, S., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 274, 211 (1999), Setchell, K., et al.: J. Nutr., 132, 3577 (2002), Thigpen, J., et al.: Comp. Med., 53, 607 (2003), Yee, S., et al.: Food Chem. Toxicol., 46, 2713 (2008),

Impurity Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity A / Betamethasone Dipropionate EP Impurity B
Applications Betamethasone 17-Propionate (Clobetasol Propionate EP Impurity A) is a degradation product of Betamethasone. Glucocorticoid.
References Andersson, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 36, 763 (1984), Wurthwein, G., et al.: Biopharm. Drug Dispos., 11, 381 (1990), Samtani, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 93, 726 (2004), Samtani, M., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 1124 (2005),

Applications An impurity of Zolpidem (Z650000).

Applications A metabolite of 17α-Methyltestosterone (M326400).
References Dumasia, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 11, 323 (1981), Tang, P., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 182, 289 (1989),

Applications Labelled Fenvalerate (F279450). An insecticide, used to control insects from food crops, animal feed and cotton products.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Sharma, R., et al.: Environ. Ecol., 27, 1481 (2009), Choudhary, S., et al.: J. Industrial Poll. Cont., 25, 145 (2009), Tang, J., et al.: Pest Man. Sci., 66, 121 (2010), Ai, G., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 58, 694 (2010),

Applications Solvent Blue 104 (cas# 116-75-6) is a useful research chemical.

Applications Acetamiprid-d3 is labelled Acetamiprid (A150800), a novel neonicotinid insecticide against Holotrichia consanguinea in sugarcane. Reports show that when exposed to neonicotinid pesticides honeybees have probelms returnign home after foraging and bumblebee colonies grow poorly and produce fewer queens. Also used in Cannabis testing.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Srivastava, A., et al.: Indian Sugar, 32, 673 (1983), Fleming, R., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 78, 1179 (1985), Rao, Ch.V., et al.: Pestology, 35, 47 (2011), Chem. and Eng. News 90: 10 (2012)

Applications Labelled Isoprothiolane, a dithiolane pesticide. Isoprothiolane is commonly used in agriculture as a fungicide to control planthoppers and blast disease in rice plants.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Chin, K.M.: Malay. Agric. J., 50, 221 (1975); Ikeda, Y. et al.: Biosci. Biotech. Biochem., 57, 288 (1993); Nakamura, H.: Rev. Plant Prot. Res., 10, 1 (1977); Reddy, A.P.K. et al.: Pesticide, 22, 21 (1988);

Stability Air sensitive
Applications Reagent used in the preparation of labelled non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dyes and pesticides.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Cauchon, D., et al.: J. Appl. Toxicol., 17, 397 (1997),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 2,2-Dichloropropanoic Acid-13CD3 is the isotope labelled analog of 2,2-Dichloropropanoic Acid (D436810); a pesticide.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Halfon, E., et al.: Chemosphere, 33, 1543 (1996); Karadag, E., et al.: Polymers for Advanced Technologies, 11, 59 (2000)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications The main metabolite of Omeprazole.
References Renberg, L., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 17, 69 (1989), Calabresi, L., et al.: Pharmacol. Res., 49, 493 (2004), Yin, O., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 44, 582 (2004),

Applications Controlled substance. CNS stimulant. The more potent isomers of Methylphenidate. The threo enantomers have shown that the pharmacological activity residues predominantly in the d-threo enantiomer.
References Greenblatt, E.N., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 131, 115 (1961), Padmanabhan, G.R., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 473 (1981), Kuczenski, R., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 296, 876 (2001), Pelham, W.E., et al.: J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 61, 506 (1993), Srinivas, N.R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 10, 14 (1993),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Fencamfamine is a CNS stimulant. This is a controlled substance (stimulant).
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Hotovy, R., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 11, 20 (1961), DeLucia, R., et al.: Gen. Pharmacol., 21, 161 (1990), Planeta, C., et al.: Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav., 50, 35 (1995),

Applications Semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic; related to Erythromycin A. Antibacterial.
References Langtry, H.D., et al.: Drugs, 56, 273 (1998),

Applications Isotope labelled Hydrochloride salt of Varenicline (V098492), a nicotinic α4β2 acetylcholine receptor partial agonist. Aids in smoking cessation.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Benowitz, N., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 44, 23 (1988), Cohen, C., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 306, 407 (2003), Tapper, A., et al.: Science, 306, 1029 (2004), Coe, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 3474 (2005), Obach, R., et al.: Drug Metab. Disp., 34, 121 (2006),

Applications Labelled Aldicarb (A514650). Aldicar is used as an insecticide. Used in Pesticide detection.
References Ashby, J., et al.: Environ. Mutagen., 7, 919 (1985), Ashby, J., et al.: Mutat. Res., 257, 229 (1991), Kazius, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 312 (2005), Benigni, R., et al.: Mutagenesis, 25, 335 (2010),

Applications A deuterated version of Meprobamate, an anxiolytic.This is a controlled substance. Liscence required.
References Summerfield, S., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 322, 205 (2007), Ma, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 47, 677 (2008), Cone, E., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 33, 1 (2009),

Applications Isotope labelled Metolachlor (M338702), which is an acyanilide herbicide similar to selective pre-emergence herbicides (1). It is a contaminant in the groundwater and potential pollutant (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References 1. McGahen, L. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 1978 26 (2), pp 414–4192. Chesters, G. et al.: Rev. Environ Contam Toxicol. 1989;110:1-74.

Applications Norepinephrine Sulfonic Acid is a derivative of DL-Norepinephrine Hydrochloride (N674500), antagonist of dibutyryl cyclic-AMP in the regulation of narcosis. Norepinephrine modulates human dendritic cell activation by altering cytokine release.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Piguet, P., et al.: J. Exp. Med., 173, 673 (1991), Hosoi, J., et al.: Nature, 363, 159 (1993), Elenkov, I., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 52, 595 (2000), Kaplan, D., et al.: Immunity, 23, 611 (2005),

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications 3-Methyl-4-nitroimino-tetrahydro-1,3,5-oxadiazine is a useful synthetic intermediate in the synthesis of Thiamethoxam (T344180); a neonicotinoid insecticide.
References Maienfisch, P., et al.: Z. Naturforsch. B., 61, 353 (2006); Fan, W., et al.: Shanghai Huagong, 27, 25 (2002); Maienfisch, P., et al.: Chimia, 57, 710 (2003); Oliver, J., et al.: J. Environ. Horticult., 28, 135 (2010); Ghosh, A., et al.: J. Entomol. Res., 34, 35 (2010)

Applications Iprovalicarb-d8 is the deuterated form of Iprovalicarb (I747500), which is a systematic fungicide. Iprovalicarb is used for the control of pathogenic fungi from the oomycetes class in grapes, potatoes, tomatoes and other crops.
References Stubler, D., et al.: Pflanzensch.-Nach. Bay., 52, 33 (1999); Stenzel, K., et al.: Bright. Crop Prot. Conf. Pests Dis., 2, 367 (1998);

Stability Air Sensitive
Applications Used for detecting the presence of hydrolytic analytes, such as leukocytes, esterase, and protease. The detection of leukocytes is especially important in medical diagnostics.
References Jackson, D.S., et al.: Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 20, 323(1), 108 (1995)

Applications (S)-Linagliptin is a novel potent and selective dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor with potential use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
References Prabavathy, N. et al.: Int. J. Pharm. Bio. Sci., 2, 438 (2011); Deacon, C.F.: Diab. Obes. Metab., 13, 7 (2011);

Applications Tetrahydrodehydrocorticosterone inhibits aldosteronogenesis by intact cells at concentrations that inhibited angiotensin binding.
References Campanile, C.P., Goodfriend, T.L.: Steroids, 37, 681(1981)

Applications This is a controlled substance (depressant). Anticonvulsant; sedative; hypnotic.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Chao, M.K.C., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 7, 359 (1978),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Decarboxy Cilastatin is an impurity in the synthesis of Cilastatin (C441100), prevents renal metabolism of penem and carbapenem antibiotics by specific and reversible dehydropeptidase I inhibition. Antibacterial adjunct.
References Finlay, K.R., et al.: Invest. Ophthalmol. Visual Sci., 24, 1147 (1983), Norrby, S.R., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 23, 300 (1983), Washburn, D.E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 12, 39 (1983),

Stability Form Trimer in solution
Applications 2-Fluoro-6-hydroxyphenylboronic Acid is a synthetic reagent used in the preparation of alkylene-bridged [(3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazinyl) or (piperidinyl)(biphenyl-3-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidinyl](tert-butoxy)acetic acid derivatives as HIV integrase inhibitors for treating HIV infection.
References Naidu, N., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2014), WO 2014028384 A1 20140220;

Applications: N,N'-Di(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic Acid Monohydrochloride Hydrate is a component for treating or preventing obesity and insulin resistance and mitrochondrial-associated disorders.N,N'-Di(2-hydroxybenzyl)ethylenediamine-N,N'-diacetic Acid Monohydrochloride Hydrate is also the monohydrochloride hydrate of HBED (H107503), which is an iron chelator useful in treating iron overload.
References Milburn, Michael, WO 2007008548, (2007)Bergeron, Raymond J., WO 9939706, (1999)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications rac Indapamide-N-sulfonamido-β-D-glucuronide_x000D__x000D_(Mixture of Diastereomers) is a compound useful in organic synthesis.

Applications Triethylamine Trihydrofluoride is used in the synthesis of modified siRNA’s in vivo used to inhibit hepatitis B replication (1). Used in RNA synthesis in the removal of t-butyldimethylsilyl protection (2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References 1. Marimani M. et al.: Bioorg Med Chem. 2013 Oct 15;21(20):6145-55. 2. Westman, E. et al.: Nucleic Acids Res. 1994 Jun 25;22(12):2430-1

Applications A novel non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Rilpivirine seems to be well tolerated with less CNS disturbance than Efavirenz, and has non-teratogenic potential. An anti-HIV agent.
References Sun, et al.: J. Med. Chem., 41, 4648 (1998), Kashiwada, et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 11, 183 (2001),

Applications Amphotericin B Methyl Ester is the methyl ester derivative of the polyene antibiotic Amphotericin B (A634250). Amphotericin B Methyl Esterin is a cholesterol binding compound that showed inhibiton of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1).
References Waheed, A.A. et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006); Waheed, A. et al.: J. Virol., 82, 9776 (2008); Waheed, A., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 281, 28699 (2006)

Applications Aminoacetonitrile is a useful synthetic intermediate. It is a reagent used to synthesize dipeptide nitriles as reversible and potent cathepsin S inhibitors. It can also used to prepare substituted cyclic ureas as possible HIV protease inhibitors.
References Ward, Y., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 45, 5471 (2002); Wilkerson, W., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 40, 4079 (1997)

Applications Retapamulin is an antibacterial agent used as a substitute for the more commonly known Penicillin (P223505).
References Goldenthal, E.I., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 18, 185 (1971), Dunham, J.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 1, 249 (1972),

Applications A third generation cephalosporin antibiotic with strong antimicrobial activities against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis that were 3 major aerobic bacteria from sinusitis.
References Yakota, N. et al.: Jpn. J. Antibiot., 48, 602 (1995); Fukuda, M. et al.: Jpn. J. Ophthamol., 46, 384 (2002);

Applications N-Cyclohexylbenzo[d]thiazole-2-sulfonamide is useful for the production of sulfur-modified chloroprene rubber.
References Kondo, A., et al.: PCT Int. Appl. (2020), WO 2020189518 A1

Applications Sulfachlorpyridazine is an antibacterial compound.
References Wammer, K.: Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 25, 1480 (2006).

Applications Levofloxacin Hemihydrate is a S-(-) form of Ofloxacin (O245750), an antibiotic used against gram-negative organisms.
References Kato, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 42, 365 (1992); North, D.S., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 18, 915 (1998); Hwang, D.G., et al.: Br. J. Ophthalmol., 87, 1004 (2003);

Applications 6-O-Des(6-Amino-α-D-gluocopyranosyl) Amikacin Sulfate is a derivative of Amikacin (A578500), semisynthetic aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Kanamycin A. Antibacterial.
References Cabana, T., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 3, 478 (1973), Cappelletti, L.M., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 328 (1983), Monteleone, P.M., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 12, 37 (1983),

Impurity Fluconazole EP Impurity B / Fluconazole USP Related Compound A
Applications 4-Defluoro-4-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl) Fluconazole (Fluconazole EP Impurity B) is an impurity of the antifungal agent Fluconazole (F421000).
References Ramesh, B. et al.: J. Pharm. Res., 4, 1401 (2011); Al-Rimawi, F.: Jor. J. Chem., 4, 357 (2009);

Applications 2,2,4-Trimethyl-6(2H)-quinolinone 1-Oxide is a derivative of 2,6-Dihydro-2,2,4-trimethyl-6-quinolone (D449900) which is a metabolite of Ethoxyquin (E892800), an oxidation product of the antidegradant.
References Kahl, R., et al.: Toxicology, 28, 229 (1983), Burka, L., et al.: Xenobiotica, 26, 597 (1996), Bammler, T., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 54, 30 (2000), Hayes, J., et al.: Cancer, 174, 103 (2001),

Applications Atazanavir is a novel azapeptide HIV protease inhibitor (PI). Antiviral.
References Palella, F.J. Jr., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 338(13), 853 (1998), Nolan, D., et al.: Drugs, 63(23), 2555 (2003), Musial, B.L., et al.: Am. J. Health Syst. Pharm., 61, 1365 (2004), Wood, R., et al.: J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., 36, 684 (2004),

Stability Too Hygroscopic
Applications Erdosteine Thioacid Diammonium Salt is the active metabolite of Erdosteine (E596050), a mucolytic. Erdosteine was developed for the treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis.
References Dechant, K., et al.: Drugs, 52, 875 (1996); Braga, P., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 49, 344 (1999); Braga, P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 43, 1013 (1999); Kuvandik, G., et al.: Toxicol. Pathol., 36, 714 (2008); Koyu, A., et al.: Mol. Cell. Biochem., 331, 43 (2009); Fourches, D., et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 23, 171 (2010)

Stability Light Sensitive
Applications Anxiolytic. Controlled substance (depressant).
References Merlo, L., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 24, 1759 (1974), Carrara, S., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol., 13, 335 (1978), Marcucci, F., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1470 (1978),

Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive
Applications Rifabutin N-Oxide is a metabolite of Rifabutin (R505000) and like its parent compound it exhibits antibacterial activity.
References Medeiros, M., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., 44, (2004); Anand, R., et al.: Antimicrob. AG. Chemother., 32 (684 (1988), Skinner, M.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agent Chemother., 33, 1237 (1989),

Applications A metabolite of the fluorinated quinolone antibacterial Ciprofloxacin.

Applications 4-(4-(4-(4H-1,2,4-Triazol-4-yl)phenyl)piperazin-1-yl)phenyl Acetate is an intermediate in the synthesis of Deoxo Anhydro Itraconazole Bromide (D231675). Deoxo Anhydro Itraconazole Bromide is an impurity of Itraconazole (I937500), which is orally active antimycotic drug structurally related to Ketoconazole (K186000). Antifungal.
References Espinel-Ingroff, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 26, 5 (1984); Heykants, J., et al.: Mycoses, 32, Suppl 1, 67 (1989); Sugar, A.M.,et al.: Curr. Clin. Top. Infect. Dis., 13, 74 (1993)

Applications 3-(7-Cyano-5-(2-nitropropyl)indolin-1-yl)propyl Benzoate is used in the preparation of Silodosin (S465000), an α1a-adrenoceptor antagonist. It is used in treatment of benign prostatic hypertophy.
References Shibata, K., et al.: Mol. Pharmacol., 48, 250 (1995); Murata, S., et al.: J. Urol., 164, 578 (2000)

Impurity Mometasone Furoate EP Impurity A
Applications Mometasone Furoate Impurity A (Mometasone EP Impurity A) is an impurity of Mometasone Furoate, a topical corticosteroid used as an anti-inflammatory.
References Shapiro, E.L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 30, 1581 (1987); Graft, D., et al.: J. Allergy Clin. Immunol., 98, 724 (1996)

Applications Lamivudine epimer.
References Chang, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 267, 13938 (1992), Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications A pro-drug of Ganciclovir. Used in treatment of retro-virus.
References Acosta, E., et al.: Clin. Pharmacol. Ther., 81, 867 (2007), Nassetta, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 63, 862 (2009),

Applications N-Demethyl Rifampicin is a metabolite of Rifampicin (R508000).
References Marsili, L., et al.: J. Antibiot., 37, 1209 (1984), Nikaido, H., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 37, 1393 (1993), Piddock, L., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 45, 159 (2000),

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 5R,6R-Benzylpenicilloic Acid is the β-lactamase cleavage product/metabolite of antibiotic Penicillin G (P223400).
References Dryjanski, M., Pratt, R.: Biochem., 34, 3561 (1995); Ho, H., et al.: Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 25, 25 (2011);

Applications Terbinafine is used to treat infections caused by a fungus.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package

Applications O-tert-Butyl-2-hydroxy Efavirenz-d5 is an intermediate in the synthesis of Efavirenz-d5 (E425003), a labeled Efavirenz (E42500). A nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995),

Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of Amprenavir, a selective HIV protease inhibitor.

Applications Methyl Chlorooxoacetate is used as a reagent in organic synthesis of several compounds including that of coumarin-based probes which fluoresce in response to detection of Pi in cell culture and Caenorhabditis elegans. Also used in the synthesis of phenanthrene β-diketo acids which is being studied as potential HIV-1 integrase inhibitors.
Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package
References Wang, H., et al.: Dyes Pigments, 120, 293 (2015); Sharma, H., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 23, 6146 (2013);

Applications 2-(2-Formamido-4-thiazolyl)glyoxylic Acid is used as a reagent in the synthesis of cephalosporins which are a class of beta-lactam antibiotics which are active against gram-positive and potentially against gram-negative bacteria.
References Takasugi, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 846 (1983); Choi, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 48, 1375 (1995);

Applications A sulfometabolite of Moxifloxacin (M745000).
References Dalhoff, A., et al.: Drugs, 58, 239 (1999), Ahmed, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 60, 55 (2008),

Applications Intermediate in the preparation of Simvastatin (S485000) derivatives.
References Stokker, G.; J. Org. Chem. 59, 5983 (1994)

Applications (S)-(-)-2-Amino-3-benzyloxy-1-propanol is used as a reagent to synthesize 15-membered macrolide antibiotics. It is also used as a reagent to synthesize oxathiazinane dioxides, compounds that exhibit antiangiogenic properties.
References Borcard, F., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 5353 (2010); Sugimoto, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 20, 5787 (2012)

Applications (1S,4R)-4-Amino-2-cyclopentene-1-methanol (-)-Dibenzoyl-L-tartaric Acid is an intermediate in synthesizing ent-Abacavir (Abacavir EP Impurity A) (A105015), an enatiomer of Abacavir (A105000). Abacavir is a carbocyclic 2'-deoxyguanosine nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and an anti-HIV drug used to treat HIV infection (1). Intracellular enzymes convert Abacavir to its active form, carbovir-triphosphate (CBV-TP), which then selectively inhibits HIV reverse transcriptase by incorporating into viral DNA (2). Abacavir is metabolized in the liver by uridine diphosphate glucuronyltransferase and alcohol dehydrogenase resulting in inactive glucuronide and carboxylate metabolites, respectively.

Applications 3-​Oxime Estra-​4,​9,​11-​triene-​3,​17-​dione is an intermediate in synthesizing Altrenogest 19,19,20,21,21-d5 (A575757), a labelled Altrenogest (A575755) which is a synthetic progestational agent used in veterinary medicine for the control of estrus in mares.
References Machnik M. et al.: J. Vet. Phamacol. Therap., 30, 86 (2007); Goncalves dos Santos, J.M. et al.: Anim. Reprod. Sci., 84, 407 (2004)