Toxicologie

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Heptanoate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Enanthate (T155080)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled d3; 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-dioxo-2-methylnaphthalene-d3; (Vitamin K3), precursor to various types of Vitamin K. Used as a micronutrient for livestock and pet foods.<br>References Sakamoto, S., et al.: Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 396, 2955 (2010), Gohil, V., et al.: Nat. Biotechnol., 28, 249 (2010), Hu, W., et al.: Anal. Biochem., 398, 245 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Dapoxetine (D185700). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI).<br>References Feret, B., et al.: Formulary, 40, 227 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Androsten-17alpha-methyl-17beta-ol-3-one-1,2-d2 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 17α-Methyl Testosterone (M326400)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Androsten-11b,17b-diol-3-one-2,2,4,6,6-d5 is a useful isotopically labeled compound of 11β-Hydroxytestosterone (H956785)<br></p>

<p>Applications Testosterone-2,2,4,6,6-d5 Benzoate is a useful isotopically labeled compound of Testosterone Benzoate (T155015)<br></p>

<p>Applications Triclopyr Butotyl is a herbicide. It s very effective in reducing the canopy of honey mesquite.<br>References El-Khodary, S., et al.: Cytologia, 54, 465 (1989); Bovey, R., et al.: J. Range Management, 34, 144 (1981)<br></p>

<p>Applications Aldicarb Sulfone is an analog of Aldicarb (A514650) detected in agricultural products as pesticide residue.<br>References Ashby, J., et al.: Environ. Mutagen., 7, 919 (1985), Ashby, J., et al.: Mutat. Res., 257, 229 (1991), Kazius, J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 48, 312 (2005), Benigni, R., et al.: Mutagenesis, 25, 335 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Nitecapone. Inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Biggs, S., et al.: Eur. J. Pharmacol., 299, 83 (1996), Mannisto, P., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 51(4), 593 (1999), Fisher, A., et al.: Neuroscience, 95(1), 97 (2000),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ferbam is a dithiocarbamate fungicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Grover, R., Moore, J.: Phytopathology, 52, 876 (1962); Saute, B., et al.: Analyst, 137, 5082 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lamivudine EP Impurity J<br>Applications (2R-cis)-1-[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione (Lamivudine EP Impurity J) is an impurity of Lamivudine (L172500). (2R-cis)-1-[2-(Hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]-2,4(1H,3H)-pyrimidinedione is also being further studied to determine its potential as an anti-HIV agent.<br>References Jeong, L., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 36, 181 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Applications 17β-Estradiol 2-Acetate is an intermediate in synthesizing Estradiol Valerate Impurity I (E888865), a derivative of Estradiol (E888000) and Estradiol 17-Valerate (E888860) which is an estrogen.<br>References Salole, E.G., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 15, 283 (1986); Lievertz, R.W., et al.: Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol., 156, 1289 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2'-Dinaphthyl Ether and ethers exhibit antifungal activity against A. niger, A. flavus, A. alternata and F. oxysporum.<br>References Pawar, N., et al.: Asian J. Biochem. Pharm. Res., 2, 157 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Oxo-1,3-dioxolane-4,4-diacetic Acid is used as a reagent to synthesize vibrioferrin, a siderophore. It can also be used as a building block of lipophilic isosteres of nucleoside triphosphates which are potential inhibitors of HIV reverse transcriptase.<br>References Takeuchi, Y., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 47, 459 (1999); Weaver, R., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 6, 2405 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the preparation of HIV-integrase inhibitors<br></p>

<p>Applications Trimethoprim-13C3 (T795616) derivative. Antibacterial properties.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Glycine 6-Ethylchenodeoxycholate can be used as reactant/reagent in synthetic preparation of bile acid analogs as FXR/TGR5 agonists.<br>References Or, Y., et al.: PCT Int. Appl., WO 2016073767 A1 20160512 (2016)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloramphenicol-3-O-sulfate Sodium Salt is a salt version of Chloramphenicol-3-O-sulfate (CAS 116512-90-4) which can be used in study for evidence for new metabolic pathways of Chloramphenicol in the duck. Metabolite of the drug Chloramphenicol (C325030).<br>References Cravedi, J. P., et al.: Drug Metab Dispos, 22, 578 (1994)<br></p>

<p>Applications The R-enantiomer of Baclofen (B108000) metabolite.<br></p>

<p>Applications Desmethyl Nafcillin Sodium Salt is derived from (+)-6-Aminopenicillanic Acid (A618895), which is the core structure in penicillins, obtained from the fermentation brew of the Penicillium mold. (+)-6-Aminopenicillanic Acid is used as the main starting block for the preparation of numerous semisynthetic penicillins.<br>References Zel'tser, I.Z. et al.: Gig. Truda Prof. Zabol., 5, 59 (1983); Hamilton-Miller, J.M.T.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 31, 189 (2008); Novikova, N.D. et al.: Mikol. Fitopatol., 7, 101 (1973)<br></p>

<p>Applications Progesterone (P755900) impurity.<br>References Liang, T., et al.: Biol. Chem., 256, 7998 (1981), Bratoeff, E., et al.: J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol., 111, 275 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Sericic acid is an antioxidant, PDE4A inhibitor, antiinflammatory, antifungal, and antibacterial.<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Tixocortol is an anti-inflammatory agent. Tixocortol is used in fluorescent chemoaffinity labeling.<br>References Torossian, D.R., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 31, 453 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Desdecanoyl, N-(3-Hydroxy-6-dodecanoyl) Daptomycin is an impurity of Daptomycin (D193350), cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic derived from a fermentation product of Streptomyces roseosporus; disrupts plasma membrane function in gram-positive bacteria. Antibacterial.<br>References Allen, N.E., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1093 (1987), Tully, F.P., et al.: Expert Opin. Invest. Drugs, 8, 1223 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Used in the preparation of Epostane (E588850).<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Methylisoamylamine is a reagent used in the synthesis of hepatitis C polymerase inhibitors.<br>References Cheng, C. et al: Bioorg.<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled metabolite of 17β-Nandrolone (N315000).<br>References Dumasia, M., et al.: Xenobiotica, 14, 647 (1984), Schanzer, W., et al.: Clin. Chem., 42, 1001 (1996), Hartmann, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 17, 193 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Applications Minodronic acid is developed for osteoporosis treatment.<br>References Tanishima, S., et al.: Clin. Interv. Aging, 8, 185 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-Chloro-3-fluorobenzoic Acid is a very useful precursor. It is a reagent used to synthesize 6-Hydroxy Albaconazole (H761395) which is a metabolite of Albaconazole (A511450), an antifungal agent as neuroprotectant.<br>References Pujol, I., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 39, 163 (1997), Gilgado, F., et al.: J. Clin. Microbiol., 43, 4930 (2005), Raad, I., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 42, 1398 (2006), Nucci, M., et al.: Clin. Microbiol. Rev., 20, 695 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications p-Chloroaniline-d4 Deuterium Chloride is an intermediate in synthesizing N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide-d4 (C377537), an isotope labelled analog of N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide. N1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3,12-diimino-N14-2-chlorophenyl-2,4,11,13-Tetraazatetradecanediimidamide is an impurity of Chlorhexidine Digluconate (C292770). Chlorhexidine gluconate is an antimicrobial irrigant that is used as an antiseptic for the skin in the healthcare industry. It is used in hospitals to prevent infection of patients during surgeries and can also be found in mouth rinses.<br>References Addy, M. &amp; Wright, R.: J. Clin. Periodont., 5, 198 (1978); Kuruvilla, J. &amp; Kamath, M.: J. Endododont., 24, 472 (1998); Maki, D., et al.: Lancet, 338, 339 (1991); Popovich, K., et al.: Inf. Cont. Hosp. Epidem., 30, 959 (2009); Rosenberg, A., et al.: Surg. Gyn. Obst., 143, 789 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Ribavirin.<br>References Bhagrath, M., et al.: Antivir. Chem. Chemother., 2, 265 (1991), Zhu, T., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 5212 (2010),<br></p>

<p>Applications Rescinnamine is an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor used as an antihypertensive drug.<br>References Fife, R., et al.: Brit. Med. J., 2, 1848 (1960); Balsevich, J., et al.: Planta Med., 44, 91 (1982)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications alpha-Tocotrienol is an antioxidant.<br></p>

<p>Applications Desoxymycin is a derivative of streptomycin(S687223) which is an antibiotic produced by aerobic fermentation. Antibacterial (tuberculostatic).<br>References Weiss, et al.: Antibiot. Chemother., 7, 374 (1957), Umezawa, et al.: J. Antibiot., 27, 997 (1974), Mossa, J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 16, 507 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloroquine N-oxide is a metabolite of Chloroquine (C379965), a standard anti-malarial drug. Substrate for MRP in multidrug resistant cell line and inhibits photoaffinity labelling of MRP by quinoline-based photoactive drug IAAQ.<br>References Luthman, H., et al.: Nucleic Acids Res., 11, 1295 (1983), Vezmar, M., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 56, 733 (1998), Krajewski, W.A., et al.: J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn., 16, 1097 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Chloroneb is a fungicide that has selective activity against certain fungi (e.g. Mucor and Pythium fungi), and is most commonly used for cotton seedlings and bean plants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gutenmann, W. &amp; Lisk, D.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 17, 1008 (1969); Lyr, H. &amp; Werner, P.: Pest. Biochem. Phys., 18, 69 (1982); Rhodes, R., et al.: J. Agr. Food Chem., 19, 745 (1971)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Isotope labelled Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, an acyclic phosphonate nucleotide analogue; reverse transcriptase inhibitor. Used as an anti-HIV agent. Antiviral.<br>References Shaw, J.-P., et al.: Pharm. Res., 14, 1824 (1997), Wyles, D., et al.: Clin Infect. Dis., 40, 174 (2005), Peng, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 46, 265 (2006), Seminari, E., et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 60, 831 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Temperature Sensitive<br>Applications It is used in efficient synthesis of 1β-O-acyl glucuronides via regioselective acylation of allyl or benzyl D-glucuronate.Αcyl glucuronides are known metabolites of important drugs.<br>References Kaspersen, F., et al.: Xenobiotica, 17, 1451 (1987), Ebner, T., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 27, 1143 (1999), Shipkova, M., et al.: Ther. Drug Monit., 25, 1 (2003), Stachulski, A., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 49, 6931 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications An intermediate in the synthesis of Epothilones. Epothilones are polyketide natural products that inhibit cancer cells by a mechanism similar to paclitaxel, and also are effective against paclitaxel-resistant tumours. Epothilone D is in phase I clinical testing of in patients with advanced solid tumours. Epothilone D is a cytotoxic macrolide that stabilises malignant cells' microtubules and arrests mitosis, a characteristic it shares with other epothilones. They bind to the same hepatic sites as does paclitaxel (Taxol) in a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of a, b-tubulin heterodimers.<br>References Hoee, G., et al.: Pure Appl. Chem., 71, 11, 2019 (1999), Giannakakou, P., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 97, 2904 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Chlorphentermine is an anorectic agent. Chlorphentermine is the 4-chloro derivative of the better known appetite suppressant Phentermine (P318830). Chlorphentermine is structurally related to amphetamine but is a relatively weak stimulant with little abuse potential.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Gylys, J.A. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Therap., 137, 365 (1962); Jun, H.W. et al.: Can. J. Pharmac. Sci., 4, 27 (1969); Luellmann, H. et al.: J. Pharm. Pharmacol., 25, 239 (1973);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cilostazol-d4 is the labeled analogue of Cilostazol (C441500), a potent phosphodiesterase III A (PDE3A) inhibitor (IC50=0.2uM) and inhibitor of adenosine uptake. Has antimitogeni, antithrombotic, vasodilatory and cardiotonic properties in vivo. Also affects lipid levels in vivo.<br>References Suri, A., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 38, 144 (1998); Park, S.-W., et al.: Am. J. Cardiol., 84, 511 (1999); Tsuchikane, E., et al.: Circulation, 100, 21 (1999)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Fenthion Sulfone (F278015). Fenthion Sulfone is a metabolite of the organothiophosphate insecticide Fenthion (F278000).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Oh, C., et al.: Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 78, 314 (2007); Wang, W., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 602, 211 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications Neuroleptic agent related structurally to thiothixene. Antipsychotic; neuroleptic agent; dopamine receptor antagonist.<br>References Nielsen, et al.: Acta Pharmacol. Toxicol., 32, 363 (1973), Post, M.L., et al.: Nature, 256, 342 (1975), Peuch, et al.: Neuropharmacology, 20, 1279 (1981),<br></p>

<p>Applications Molinate is a herbicide that is used to control broad-leaved and grassy plants in rice and other crops (1,2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), environmental, and food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Nacher-Mestre, J. et al.: J. Agri. Food. Chem. 2014 Mar 12;62(10):2165-742. Sugrue, E. et al.: Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2015 Apr;81(7):2612-24.<br></p>