Toxicologie

<p>Applications Cloxacillin is an antibiotic that belongs to the group of the isoxazolylpenicillins. Cloxacillin is used to treat infections caused by species of staphylococci that produce beta-lactamase due to its inhibitory effects on beta-lactamase binding.<br>References Gibbs, D.L. et al.: Curr. Microbiol., 2, 239 (1979); Dmitrova, D. et al.: Farmat., 48, 28 (2001); CRaven, N. et al.: Res. Vet. Sci., 29, 57 (1980);<br></p>

<p>Applications 8-Hydroxyhydromorphone is derived from Benzylmorphine (B286778), which is an opioid alkaloid that is a derivative of Morphine (M652285).<br>References Buchwald, M.E., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 71, 197 (1941); Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 17, 259 (1988);<br></p>

<p>Applications Bromopropylate is a chemical compound used as an acaricide against spider mites in apiaries and on fruit crops such as citrus and grapes.<br>References Van Leeuwen, T., et al.: Pest Management Sci., 61, 499 (2005); Kim, Y., et al.: J. Econ. Entomol., 99, 954 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Applications Ciprofloxacin (C482500).<br></p>

<p>Applications A new Sildenafil (S435000) analogue detected as food adulterant.<br>References Gratz, S., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 36, 525 (2004), Lai, K., et al.: J. Food Drug Anal., 14, 19 (2006), Oh, S., et al.: J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, 69, 1951 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Herbicide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Leather, G.R., et al.: Pestic. Biochem. Physiol., 7, 437 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Azithromycin EP Impurity B<br>Applications Azithromycin B (Azithromycin EP Impurity B), is an impurity of Azithromycin (A927000), a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic, and related to Erythromycin A.<br>References Langtry, H.D., et al.: Drugs, 56, 273 (1998),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A new nitrification inhibitor to be used on solid and in liquid fertilizers and slurry.<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyrethrin is a pesticide most commonly used around homes.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hudson, N.L., et. al.: Am. J. Ind. Med., 57, 15 (2014)<br></p>

<p>Applications 1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-sulfonamide (cas# 89517-96-4) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications (±)-Fluazifop-d4 is a labeled analogue of (±)-Fluazifop (F407430), a grass-selective herbicide which inhibits acetyl-CoA carboxylase in sensitive plant species.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Walker, K.A., et. al.: Biochem. J., 254, 307 (1988); Hajslova, J., et. al.: J. Chrom., 438, 55 (1988)<br></p>

<p>Applications Isotope labelled Tebufenozide (T013200), which is a synthetic nonsteroidal ecdysone agonist used in pesticide formulations (1) that causes premature molting; novel insect growth regulator (2,3,4) specific to lepidopteran species. Drinking water Contaminant Candidate List 3 (CCL3) as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References 1. Jordan TB, et al.: Anal Bioanal Chem. 2009 Aug;394(8):2257-66.2. Vianna UR. Et al.: Ecotoxicology. 2009 Feb;18(2):180-6.3. Rose, G. et al. Food. Chem. 2009 Dec;117(4) pp634-6404. Wang, J. et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem. 2009 Mar 25;57(6):2162-73.<br></p>

<p>Applications Pyrimitate is an organophosphorus pesticide.<br>References Askew, J., et al.: Analyst, 94, 1117 (1969), Gao, L., et al.: Zhongguo Weisheng Jianyan Zazhi, 23, 535 (2013), Zvinavashe, E., et al.: Chemosphere, 75, 1531 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Applications Propineb is used as a fungicide.<br>References Sharma, I.M., et. al.: J. Mycology Plant Pathology, 44, 92 (2014); Gupta, R.C., et. al.: Pestology, 37, 43 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bictegravir, is a novel, potent inhibitor of HIV-1 integrase with an IC50 of 7.5 nM.<br>References Tsiang M. et al.: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2016 Nov 21;60(12):7086-7097;<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Light Sensitive<br>Applications Dopamine (D1 and D2) receptor agonist. Emetic. Antiparkinsonian.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Neumeyer, J.L., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 1850 (1970), Ginos, J.Z., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1194 (1975), Muhtadi, F.J., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 20, 121 (1991),<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Hydroxypropoxy-Propoxycarbazone is a hydroxylated metabolite of Propoxycarbazone (P831308).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Vargas-Pere, M., et al.; Food Chemistry., 274, 429-433 (2019)<br></p>

<p>Stability Moisture sensitive<br>Applications Fenclofenac Glucuronide is a metabolite of Fenclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. Mild immunosuppressive agent.<br>References Lim, C. et al.: Metabolism, 44, 1008 (1995); Spiers, E. et al.: Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 15, 865 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Applications Triflumuron is a benzoylphenylurea insecticide. Triflumuron is a chitin synthesis inhibitor used to control insects pests such as mosquitos and flies.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Schaefer, C.H.: J. Econ. Entomol., 71, 427 (1978); Zoebelein, G. et al.: Zeitsch. Angew. Entomol., 89, 289 (1980); Chang, S.C.: J. Econ. Entomol., 77, 479 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Flufenoxuron is a known insecticide and acts as an insect growth regulator by inhibiting chitin synthesis.<br>References Abbaszadeh, G., et al.: Pesticide. Res. J., 23, 52 (2011); Yang, A., et al.: Food. Control., 28, 99 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fusidic Acid EP Impurity G<br>Applications 3-Keto Fusidic Acid (Fusidic Acid EP Impurity G) is a metabolite of Fusidic Acid.<br>References Godtfredsen, W.O., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 9, 15 (1966), Perry, M.J., et al.: J. Antibiot., 36, 1659 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Oseltamivir Namino-fructosyl Conjugate is derived from Oseltamivir Phosphate (O701000), which is an orally active inhibitor of influenza virus neuraminidase; converted in vivo to the active acid metabolite. An antiviral drug. It is a COVID19-related research product.<br>References Oliyai, R., et al.: Pharm. Res., 15, 1300 (1998), Kim, C.U., et al.: Med. Chem. Res., 8, 392 (1998), Hayden, F.G., et al.: N. Engl. J. Med., 341, 1336 (1999), Treanor, J.J., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 283, 1016 (2000)<br></p>

<p>Applications Acriflavine is an topical antiseptic agent and has also been used for the treatment of external fungal infections. Dyes and metabolites.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Weisman, J.L., et al.: Chem. Biol. Drug. Des., 67, 409 (2006); Sala, C., et al.: Antimicro. Agents. Chemother., 54, 4150 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications An echinocandin that inhibits the synthesis of β (1,3)-D-glucan, an integral component of the fungal cell wall. An antifungal drug used in the treatment of invasive fungal infections.<br>References Sandhu, P. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemorther., 48, 1272 (2004); Bertsche, T. et al.: Pharamaz. Zeit., 148, 34 (2003); Hoang, A.: Am. J. Health-Sys. Pharm., 58, 1206 (2001);<br></p>

<p>Applications N-carbamoylformimidamide Tritosulfuron is a metabolite of Tritosulfuron (T886903) is a sulfonylurea herbicide found in in ground, surface and wastewater.<br>References Fenoll, J., et al.: Talanta, 101, 273 (2012); Huntscha, S., et al.: J. Chromatogr. A, 1268, 74 (2012); Reemtsma, T., et al.: Water Res., 47, 5535 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-Oxo-Zoniporide is an metabolite of Zoniporide, a potent and selective inhibitor of human sodium-hydrogen exchanger isoform1(NHE-1) and protects against cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury.<br>References Ross, T.W., et al.: Cardiovascular. Drug. Reviews., 21, 17 (2003); Deepak, D., et al.: Drug. Metabol. Dispos., 38, 641 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Applications Hydroxy Tyrosol 3-Sulphate is a metabolite of Hydroxy Tyrosol (H977000).<br>References Owen, R., et al.: Eur. J. Cancer., 36, 1235 (2000), Bakalbassis, E., et al.: Lipids, 36, 181 (2001), Nenadis, N., et al.: J. Agric. Food Chem., 51, 1874 (2003),<br></p>

<p>Applications Fonofos is an organothiophosphate insecticide primarily used on corn.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Fillion, J., et al.: J. AOAC Int., 83, 698 (2000); Liu, W., et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 102, 701 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled Phentolamine (P302550). An adrenergic blocking agent. An antihypertensive. Used for the treatment of pheochromocytoma.<br>References Meier, R., et al.: Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med., 71, 70 (1949), Spergel, G., et al.: J. Am. Med. Assoc., 211, 266 (1970), Gould, L. and Reddy, C.V.R.: Am. Heart J., 92, 397 (1976)<br></p>

<p>Applications Labelled Efavirenz (E42500). A nonnucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Young, S.D., et al.: Antimicrob. Ag. Chemother., 39, 2602 (1995),<br></p>

<p>Applications Gliftor is a rodenticide.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Menon, K., et al.: J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol., 15, 47 (2001); Xie, W., et al.: J. Hygiene Res. 31, 316 (2002)<br></p>