Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Cyanobenzaldehyde is an aldehyde that reacts with nucleophiles such as trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to form a molecule. 2-Cyanobenzaldehyde has potent inhibitory activity against the kinase glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and can be used to treat autoimmune diseases. It also reacts with hydrochloric acid in solution to form an intermediate, which is then reacted with glycine and ATP to produce a chiral compound. The product of this reaction has been shown to be active methylene, which was synthesized by asymmetric synthesis.

Research has shown that (4-Ethoxy-3-methoxybenzyl)amine (EMBA) is a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth. The alkylation of EMBA with methylamine and benzene leads to the formation of aureus, which is an antibiotic that can be used to treat staphylococcus infections. In addition, EMBA can also be methylated with hydroxylamine to form benzylamine, a compound that inhibits the synthesis of the cell wall in bacteria. These properties make EMBA an effective antimicrobial agent.

2-Chloro-5-nitroquinoline is an oxidized aminoquinoline that is synthesized from nitric acid and benzene. It contains a nitro group, which makes it susceptible to oxidation. 2-Chloro-5-nitroquinoline is used as a solvent for rubber, plastics, and waxes. It can also be used as a solvent in the production of quinolines and other nitrogen compounds. Nitration of this compound produces 2-chloroquinoline, which can be transformed into 2-chloroquinolinium hydroxide by reaction with sodium hydroxide. The substituent on the ortho position can be determined by oleum or bromine water.

5-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine is a ligand that binds to the ion channels in cells and activates them. It is used as a research tool in pharmacology and protein interactions. 5-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amine has been shown to activate potassium channels by interacting with the receptor site. This ligand was also shown to inhibit cell growth by binding to the antibody site of the receptor. 5-(3-Methylthiophen-2-yl)-1,3,4--oxadiazol-2--amine has been shown to have a high purity of 99%.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1,2,3,4,5-Pentachlorobenzene is a chlorinated hydrocarbon that is used in the production of pesticides and herbicides. It is an ingredient in the manufacturing of pentachlorophenol and pentachloronitrobenzene. 1,2,3,4,5-Pentachlorobenzene has been used as a chemical intermediate or solvent for the production of other chemicals. The emissions from this chemical can be harmful to humans and animals because it has been shown to affect enzyme activities at sublethal doses. It also affects rat liver microsomes and causes DNA damage that can lead to cancer.

4-(2-Methylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide is a crystalline solid that belongs to the group of benzoic acid derivatives. It has an orthorhombic crystal structure, with a yellow color. The crystals are measured at room temperature, and it has an atomic weight of 197.11 g/mol. 4-(2-Methylphenyl)-3-thiosemicarbazide is stable in air and in solution, but decomposes at temperatures above 250°C. This compound has been studied by using X-ray diffraction measurements and Bruker parameters. Its isotropic radiation is recorded at the following wavelength: 1.5418 Å (1).

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Pregabalin Impurity 13 is a stereoselective, synthetic compound that has been shown to be an inhibitor of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors. It can be synthesized by reacting 4-isobutyl-2,6-piperidinedione with hydrochloric acid and xylene. Pregabalin Impurity 13 binds to the amino acid sequence of GABA receptors in such a way as to prevent them from opening. This prevents the binding of GABA molecules to the receptor and reduces the duration of inhibition of these receptors. Pregabalin Impurity 13 has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against faecalis, which is found in human intestines and can cause infection. The environmental pollution caused by this impurity is due to its xylene content.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-(4-Chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazole-2(3H)-thione is a crystalline solid that belongs to the class of imidazoles. It has been synthesized by reacting 1,2-dibromoethane with sodium methoxide in methanol. The compound was found to have a melting point of about 183°C and a molecular weight of 212.06 g/mol. This compound has been shown to interact with methanol, methoxide, and ethoxy groups. Crystallization occurs when the substance is heated to about 183°C in vacuum and then cooled slowly.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-[(3-Nitrophenyl)formamido]acetic acid (2NPA) is a modifying agent that has been used in the modification of carboxyl groups. It can react with nucleophiles to form adducts and with carbodiimides to form ureas. 2NPA reacts with amino acids, peptides, and other nitrogenous compounds at their carboxyl groups to form ester or amide bonds. The nature of the residues after modification varies depending on the nature of the carboxyl group that was modified.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Acetic acid, dibromo-, ethyl ester is a reactive molecule that can be used as a nucleophilic substituent. It has hydroxyl group and ruthenium complex. It is a particle that can be used in the production of monoclonal antibodies. Acetic acid, dibromo-, ethyl ester also has viscosity and polycarboxylic acid. This chemical reacts with β-unsaturated ketones to form polymerization initiator. Acetic acid, dibromo-, ethyl ester also has carbonyl group and monoclonal antibodies. Acetic acid, dibromo-, ethyl ester can be conjugated with ethyl bromoacetate to produce conjugates.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

5-Ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol is a volatile compound that has been isolated from the bark of the cinnamon tree. It has shown anticancer activities "in vitro" and "in vivo". 5-Ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol has been shown to be demethylated by cytochrome P450 enzymes, which may result in its antitumor activity. This active compound can also be detected in postharvested fruit and vegetables as well as processed foods such as apple juice, tomato sauce, and dried fruits. 5-Ethenyl-2-methoxyphenol is responsible for the characteristic flavor of cinnamon, so it is often used as a flavoring agent in food processing.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Benzenesulfonyl-piperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester is an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase. It is a white solid that can be synthesized in two steps from commercially available starting materials. Inhibition of this enzyme leads to the accumulation of acetylcholine, which causes increased stimulation of nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. This drug has been shown to have IC50 values that are similar to those of the reference inhibitor donepezil. 1-Benzenesulfonyl-piperidine-4-carboxylic acid ethyl ester also interacts with sulfonyl chlorides, butyrylcholinesterase, and other proteins in a manner similar to donepezil. The molecular docking studies suggest that this compound binds competitively with the active site of acetylcholinesterase.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Monotetranoin is a fatty ester that is involved in the process of lipolysis, which is the breakdown of fat cells. Lipolysis occurs when an enzyme called lipase hydrolyzes triglycerides into glycerol and three fatty acids. 1-Monotetranoin has been shown to be a potent stimulator of growth factor production and cell proliferation in vivo models. It has also been shown to be effective at inhibiting angiogenic processes in vitro, including the release of growth factors from fat cells. The neutral pH optimum for 1-monotetranoin is between 7 and 8, which may be due to its hydrophobic nature.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzyl mercaptan is a chemical that has been used as an additive to organic solar cells. It has been shown to improve the performance of these devices by reducing interfacial recombination and increasing electron mobility. This chemical also has semiconducting properties, which have been demonstrated by its ability to be translated in an electron microscope. In addition, 4-(Trifluoromethyl)benzyl mercaptan interacts with many solvents, such as chloroform and dichloromethane, leading to changes in their properties.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N,N-Dimethylcyclohexanecarboxamide is an acid salt of besylate that is used as a drug for the treatment of hyperglycemia. It has been shown to have a rapid onset and short duration of action. The chemical name for N,N-Dimethylcyclohexanecarboxamide is 1-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl]-4-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine 2,4-dicarboxylic acid methyl ester. This compound inhibits insulin release from the pancreas and stimulates glucagon release from the alpha cells in the pancreas. These effects lead to an increase in blood glucose levels.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl formate is a solubilized ATP analog that has been clinically developed for the treatment of cancer. This drug binds to cell membranes and causes alkylation of the acidic phospholipids in the membrane, leading to increased permeability of the membrane and release of intracellular components. 2,5-Dioxopyrrolidin-1-yl formate also interacts with lysosomes and increases their acidity, which may lead to an increase in lysosomal enzyme activity. This drug has been shown to inhibit tumor growth in a mouse model by binding to erythrocytes while it was being simultaneously administered intravenously. The chemical structures of this drug are closely related to those of phaseolus, which is known for its anticancer effects.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Chloro-N-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide is a potent and selective inhibitor of the protein kinase C (PKC). The PKC protein kinases are enzymes that regulate the activity of cells in response to stimuli. 2-Chloro-N-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide has been shown to be effective against some viruses and tumor cells, but not against bacteria. It inhibits the growth of some cancer cells and has been shown to inhibit the replication of animal viruses such as influenza virus. This drug is also used for treatment of abdominal infections, hepatitis, pancreatitis, mesenteric adenitis, and animals with cancer. 2-Chloro-N-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide can act as a noncompetitive inhibitor by binding to a site on the enzyme that is different from ATP binding site.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold