Building Blocks

Diethyl succinate (DES) is a chemical compound that has reversible photochromic properties. It absorbs ultraviolet light and converts to 1,3-dimethyl-1H-indole-2-carbaldehyde (DMICA), which can be reverted back to DES by exposure to visible light. DMICA is chemically stable in the absence of oxygen and air, but it decomposes in the presence of strong oxidizing agents. The absorption spectrum of DMICA shows maxima at 230 nm and 270 nm with a peak at 254 nm. Diethyl succinate is an isomer of diethyl malonate, which has a similar structure. Diethyl succinate has no solubility in water, but it dissolves readily in organic solvents such as acetone or ethanol.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Chlorophenylurea is a quinazolinone that inhibits the growth of candida glabrata. This compound has been shown to inhibit efflux pumps, which are proteins that pump out drugs from the cell. 3-Chlorophenylurea has been shown to inhibit the efflux of fluconazole, a drug used to treat fungal infections, and thiourea, a compound that is known for its cytotoxicity. The inhibition of these two compounds suggests that 3-chlorophenylurea could be an efflux pump inhibitor.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-Acetylmorpholine is a recycled amide that is synthesized from an alkanolamine and an acylation reaction. It has been used in the dehydrating of organic compounds, such as reaction solution, and for the preparation of acrylamide. 4-Acetylmorpholine is also used as a viscosity control agent in the extraction of aromatic hydrocarbons. Its chemical structure consists of a carbonyl group and an aromatic hydrocarbon. 4-Acetylmorpholine can be synthesized by reacting acetaldehyde with ammonia or thiourea with methyl chloride or ethylene oxide.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

10-Hydroxydecanoic acid is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug that has the ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. 10-Hydroxydecanoic acid has been shown to be effective in treating inflammatory diseases such as arthritis and psoriasis. It is also used to treat lacrimal gland inflammation, and caco-2 cells have been shown to have a maximal response to this drug. 10-Hydroxydecanoic acid is synthesized from trans-10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid by an acylation reaction with silver ions in a nonpolar solvent, followed by heating. This compound can be separated from other fatty acids using an analytical technique called thin layer chromatography (TLC).

Benzenesulfonanilide is a compound that is soluble in water. It has potent antagonists against the chemokine receptor CXCR2 and the chemokine CCL5. The molecular weight of benzenesulfonanilide is 212.2 g/mol, and it has a fluorine atom at the 2-position on the benzene ring, a carbonyl group (-C=O) at the 2-position on the benzene ring, and a nitro group (-NO2) at the 3-position on the benzene ring. The structural formula for benzenesulfonanilide is shown below:

1H-Indole-6-carboxamide is a pharmaceutical compound that has been shown to bind to serotonin receptors. It has been studied for its potential use in the treatment of cancer, bowel disease, depression, and inflammatory bowel disease. 1H-Indole-6-carboxamide is a polymorphic chemical compound that exists as an equilibrium mixture of two isomers. The bound form of the drug is more potent than the free form and it binds with high affinity to serotonin receptors. 1H-Indole-6-carboxamide hydrochloride salts are more soluble in water than the free form, making them more efficient for use in humans.

3,4-dichlorobenzene-1,2-diamine is a high salt compound that binds to sulfatide and has a molecular weight of 3.2 kilodaltons. It is an agonist for the galactose receptor in muscle cells, which causes stimulation of biochemical properties in the cell. The compound has been shown to be synthetic and expressed in E. coli. 3,4-Dichlorobenzene-1,2-diamine is also used as an immunofluorescent probe for studying the function of galactose receptors in muscle cells. This compound can also be immobilized on polyacrylamide gels to study its interactions with sulfatide.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Methyl-2-dodecanol is a reactive chemical that can be used as an additive in metal halides. It has been found to be an effective catalyst for the production of ethylene glycol and other chemicals. The reaction is catalyzed by alkali metals, such as sodium and potassium. 2-Methyl-2-dodecanol can also function as a solvent and has viscosity comparable to water.

1,4-Dibromo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene is a five-membered ring molecule with the chemical formula C8H8Br6. It has been shown to react with dichlorocarbene to form a 1:1 adduct, which is stable at room temperature and can be isolated as a crystalline solid. This compound has been used in the synthesis of perfluorinated compounds. The reaction rate of 1,4-dibromo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene is affected by electron donating or withdrawing groups on the methyl group. The compound has also been found to have inflammatory effects on diseases such as asthma and arthritis.

1-Bromo-2,3,5,6-tetramethylbenzene (1-BTTB) is an organic compound that is used as a model system to study the reactivity of methyl groups. 1-BTTB reacts with potassium t-butoxide in a nonpolar solvent to form a cyclic ether product. The reaction is initiated by the addition of hydrogen peroxide. This reaction can be monitored using vibrational spectroscopy and yields nitro groups and imidazole derivatives when it is carried out in the presence of nitric acid or ammonium nitrate. 1-BTTB also has heat resistant properties that make it useful for use in chemical processes involving carbon tetrachloride or hydrogen fluoride.

Methyl benzo[b]furan-2-carboxylate is a synthetic chemical compound that is not found in nature. It has been shown to have potent anticancer activity against a variety of cancer cell lines, including leukemia, prostate, colon, and breast cancer cells. Methyl benzo[b]furan-2-carboxylate inhibits the growth of these cells by inducing programmed cell death (apoptosis) through a mechanism that is different from other anticancer drugs. This chemical also has significant inhibitory activity against alkene and benzofuran derivatives, which are known to be resistant to chemotherapy. Methyl benzo[b]furan-2-carboxylate has not shown any neurotoxicity in animal models and has a good safety profile.

Dec-9-ynoic acid is a synthetic fatty acid that is a precursor to several biologically important substances. It is labile and easily oxidized by air, light, or heat. Dec-9-ynoic acid has been shown to be a central metabolic intermediate for the biosynthesis of polyunsaturated fatty acids. It can also be converted into linolenic acid, which is an essential fatty acid that cannot be synthesized by humans. Dec-9-ynoic acid exists in two geometric isomers: cis and trans. The cis form exhibits kinetic properties that are different from the trans form. Dec-9-ynoic acid has been studied as a potential treatment for human diseases such as diabetes mellitus type 2, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and depression.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold