Building Blocks

1-(2-Aminophenyl)propan-1-one (1AP) is a cytotoxic agent that belongs to the class of iminoquinones. It is a synthetic compound that can be dimerized with copper(II) ions. 1AP has been shown to induce cell death in vitro by forming an imine with DNA, which results in the formation of reactive oxygen species and nitro groups. This drug also has nitro groups that are capable of binding to proteins and carbohydrates, which may contribute to its cytotoxic activity.

2,2,6,6-Tetramethylcyclohexan-1-one is a chemical compound with the molecular formula CHO. It is a colorless liquid that boils around 100°C and has a strong odor. 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylcyclohexan-1-one can be used in the dehydrogenation of alicyclic compounds to form alkenes. The reaction proceeds by attack of the intermediate on the double bond and elimination of two hydrogen atoms from an adjacent methyl group. In this process, one molecule of water is also produced. This reaction mechanism can be postulated for homologues as well.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Cyclopentylurea is an inhibitor of the NS3 protease, which is an enzyme that plays a key role in the replication of the hepatitis C virus. Cyclopentylurea binds to the active site of this enzyme and blocks its activity. This inhibition prevents the production of new viral particles and can help treat chronic hepatitis C. Cyclopentylurea has also been shown to have anti-cancer effects, as it inhibits protein synthesis in tumour cells and induces their apoptosis.

4-Cyano-1-methylpyridin-1-ium iodide is a yellow solid that is insoluble in water and methanol. It has anions, which are negatively charged ions, such as chlorides and cations. The cation has a positive charge, while the anion has a negative charge. This chemical also crystallizes in different crystal structures and hydrogen bonds with other molecules in the crystal lattice.

2-Propylcyclopentan-1-one is a hydrolysate from the reaction of cyclopentanone and ethylene glycol, or with formaldehyde and water. It has been used for the synthesis of liquid crystals, which are composed of molecules that align parallel to each other in response to an applied electric field. 2-Propylcyclopentan-1-one is also used as a heat resistant crystal compound, and has been shown to be effective in the polymerization initiator reactions. The molecule contains a carbonyl group, which can be hydrogenated to produce saturated fatty acids. This chemical also reacts with fluorine at high temperatures, producing high kinetic energy.

3-Methylcyclobutan-1-one is a monoterpene that is used for the production of butenes, benzene, and aspartyl. It can be photolyzed or activated with radiation to form a cyclobutane ring. The three possible stereoisomers are in an equal ratio when 3-methylcyclobutan-1-one is synthesized from cyclopropanecarboxylic acid. There are many modifications that can be done to this molecule such as oxidation, reduction, and hydrogenation. The yields of product are dependent on the type of modification used.

N-(2-Chloroacetyl)alanine is a chloroacetic acid derivative that inhibits the enzyme activity of acetylcholinesterase. It has been shown to be more potent than other reversible inhibitors of this enzyme, such as clorgyline and pyridostigmine. N-(2-Chloroacetyl)alanine binds to the active site of acetylcholinesterase, causing denaturation and inactivation of the enzyme by irreversible inhibition. The binding constant for N-(2-chloroacetyl)alanine is 2.5 x 10 M. This irreversible inhibitor also causes a conformational change in the active site of acetylcholinesterase that increases the affinity for chloride ions. The optimum temperature for this reaction is between 25 and 30 degrees Celsius. Zinc ions may also increase the potency of N-(2-chloroacetyl)alanine by increasing its binding affinity to chloride ions at low concentrations

O,O,S-Triethyl phosphorothioate is a pesticide that inhibits the growth of insects by binding to the active site of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase. It is used in agriculture as a synergist with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) for protection against pests such as termites and cockroaches. Triethyl phosphorothioate has been shown to cause lung damage in rats when given at high doses. The relevance of this finding to humans is not clear. It may be due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation products in tissues. This effect can be prevented by giving animals PBO pre-treatment or by using lower doses of triethanolamine phosphorothioate.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Diethyl 1,1-cyclohexanedicarboxylate is an ester that can be hydrolyzed by alkaline conditions. It can be used as a solvent and as a raw material in the production of other chemicals. Diethyl 1,1-cyclohexanedicarboxylate is more soluble in water than diethyl ether and diethylene glycol. The cyclohexane ring helps to prevent the formation of peroxides when exposed to air. This product is mainly used as a solvent for lacquer thinners, paints, varnishes, and resins.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol is a reactive compound that has been used as an analytical control agent. It has been shown to have an absorption maximum at 230 nm and a strong absorption band in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol is also known to have a high uptake capacity for citric acid and sodium carbonate in uptake assays. The hydrogen bond between 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid is intramolecular and can be broken by heating with acetate extract. This compound has been shown to be toxic in Sprague Dawley rats. 3,5-Di-tert-butylphenol undergoes activation energies of 2.6 kcal/mol (1) and 10 kcal/mol (2).

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N,N-Dimethyl-4-(pyridin-4-yl)aniline is an antimicrobial agent that belongs to the group of diazotization agents. It is used as a precursor for the synthesis of various diazonium salts. N,N-Dimethyl-4-(pyridin-4-yl)aniline is also used in the production of dyes and pharmaceuticals. It has been shown to be active against many types of bacteria, including luteum cultures and some strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The mechanism of action is not fully understood but it may be due to its ability to hydrolyze chloride or nitrate. N,N-Dimethyl-4-(pyridin-4-yl)aniline can also be converted into intermediates for the synthesis of other chemicals such as diazonium salts, which are useful for producing synthetic rubber and other products.

Versatile small molecule scaffold