Glycosciences

Water-soluble, nontoxic, enzyme-resistant polymer for biological applications

Heparin is a glycosaminoglycan which is a complex carbohydrate that contains repeating disaccharide units of glucosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Heparin has been shown to inhibit the activity of bacterial enzymes involved in fibrinolysis, such as plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), and may act as an anticoagulant. Heparin is often used as an anticoagulant in patients with thrombotic disorders, including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or heart attack. Heparin also acts as a cofactor for the activation of clotting factors II (thrombin), VII, IX, X, XI and XII. In addition, it inhibits the activation of factor XIII by preventing its conversion from its inactive form into active factor XIIIa. The molecular weight of heparin is approximately 10 kilodaltons (kDa) and it has a molecular formula

N-Butyldeoxymannojirimycin HCl is a custom synthesis, complex carbohydrate that is synthesized from Oligosaccharides and Polysaccharides. This product is modified with Methylation, Glycosylation, and Carbohydrate. It has the CAS No. 155501-85-2 and it is high purity and fluorinated. The product can be used in Synthetic applications such as Click modification, sugar, or Fluorination.

(3S, 4R) -3, 4-Dihydroxy-2-methyl-D-proline is a synthetic monosaccharide. It is an intermediate in the synthesis of (3S, 4R)-3,4-dihydroxy-2-methyl-D-proline and can be used for the production of glycosylated products. This carbohydrate has been synthesized by fluorination followed by methylation and glycosylation. This is a high purity product that can be custom synthesized to meet your needs.

3-C-Methyl- 5, 6- O- isopropylidene)-D- mannonic acid g- lactone is a modification of the natural sugar D-mannonic acid. It can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates. 3-C-Methyl-5,6 -O-isopropylidene)-D -mannonic acid g -lactone is synthesized by methylation and glycosylation. This product is available in high purity and CAS No.

Short-term marker of glycemic control

6-Deoxy-L-talose is a sugar that is found in the cell walls of bacteria. It is a component of glycan, which are long chains of sugar molecules linked together. Glycans are important for the structural integrity and function of bacterial cell walls. 6-Deoxy-L-talose is a monosaccharide that has been detected in the type strain of Bacillus subtilis and in wild-type strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This sugar can be chemically analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to determine its structure and chemical composition. 6-Deoxy-L-talose can be used to detect specific monoclonal antibodies against it, which could be useful for detecting bacterial infections or determining how antibiotics affect bacteria.

N-Glycolylneuraminic acid dimer sodium salt is a synthetic sugar that is a glycosylat of N-glycolylneuraminic acid. It is soluble in water and has a CAS number of 1114-12-3. The product has been modified with methyl groups and is available for custom synthesis. It can be used as an intermediate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides, or it can be modified to form complex carbohydrates. This product has been fluorinated and is high purity, making it ideal for use in Click chemistry applications.

Key synthetic precursor for the synthesis of lacto-oligosaccharides

N-Acetylglucosamine-BSA is a modified form of N-acetylglucosamine that is used as a carrier protein in the production of monoclonal antibodies. It binds to sugar residues and enhances antibody response. N-Acetylglucosamine-BSA binds to receptor molecules on liver cells and facilitates uptake into these cells, which then process it into glucose. This molecule has been shown to increase hematopoietic cell proliferation in vitro and stimulate the release of spermatozoa from the testes in vivo. Lectins can be used to detect this molecule by binding to its carbohydrate binding sites.

Isopropylbeta-D-glucopyranoside is a chemical compound that has been studied for its antibacterial activity. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by reacting with fatty acids in the cell membrane, which leads to the disruption of the cell membrane and death. Isopropylbeta-D-glucopyranoside is a member of the sugar alcohols class, and it can be synthesized from glucose, fatty acid, and hydrochloric acid using an acid catalyst. The reaction system is typically carried out in microcapsules.

L-g-Ethylidene glutamic acid is an organic compound that is used in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other chemicals. It can be synthesized by the methylation of L-glutamic acid with formaldehyde and sodium cyanoborohydride. L-g-Ethylidene glutamic acid has also been modified by a click reaction to create a fluorinated derivative. This product is a white crystalline solid that has a CAS number. The product is available at high purity and can be ordered as either monosaccharide or polysaccharide.
L-g-Ethylidene glutamic acid is a sugar that belongs to the carbohydrate family and can be classified as complex carbohydrates because it comprises two or more sugars linked together. This product may also be referred to as an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide, depending on its molecular size.

α 1,4-glucodecasaccharide derived from starch by hydrolysis and chromatography

Thiogalactose is a naturally occurring disaccharide that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. It inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and suppresses the growth of experimental colitis in mice. Thiogalactose also denatures fatty acids and prevents 3t3-l1 preadipocytes from undergoing cellular transformation. This compound also inhibits the uptake of bovine serum albumin by macrophages, which may be due to its alkylthio group. Thiogalactose has been shown to inhibit proliferation of cultured human cells, including monocytic leukemia cells, when used at concentrations less than 10 mM.

α-D-Mannose-1-phosphate sodium is a synthetically made mannose phosphate. This compound is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycoproteins.

Inhibitor of viral, bacterial and animal sialidase

Hepta-O-acetylrutinose is a synthetic monosaccharide that is fluorinated. It can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and glycosylations. Hepta-O-acetylrutinose has been shown to be useful in click chemistry and other modifications due to its reactive groups. The CAS number for this compound is 29202-64-0.

Ziyuglycoside II is a steroidal alkaloid that has been shown to have anti-angiogenic properties. It is a natural compound extracted from the Chinese herb ziyuglycoside. This compound has been shown to inhibit the activation of toll-like receptor 4, which plays an important role in inflammation and immunity. Ziyuglycoside II also inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species and autophagy, leading to cell death by apoptosis. This compound has been shown to be effective against bowel disease and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT). Ziyuglycoside II has also been shown to have matrix effects on the cells Hl-60, which are related to tumor metastasis.

Tert-Amyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that has not been reported in the literature or commercialized. The compound is an oligosaccharide with a fluorinated saccharide unit. It is synthesized by methylation of glycosylation and click modification of the sugar. Tert-Amyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2DGPA has been shown to be resistant to enzymatic digestion and hydrolysis by esterases. The compound can also be used as a fluorescent probe for studying carbohydrate metabolism.

Methylation of a saccharide with a methyl group is called methylation. The process is used in the synthesis of many important molecules, including biomedically-relevant compounds such as drugs and natural products. Methylation can be achieved by using various methods, such as by using an organometallic (e.g., Grignard reagent) or electrophilic reagent (e.g., dimethyl sulfate).

Dextran sulphate is a dextran derivative whose ulcer (colitis) -causing properties were first reported in hamsters and extrapolated a few years later to mice and rats. The exact mechanisms through which dextran sulphate induces intestinal inflammation are unclear but may be the result of direct damage of the monolayer of epithelial cells in the colon, leading to the crossing of intestinal contents (for e.g. commensal bacteria and their products) into underlying tissue and therefore induction of inflammation.  The dextran sulphate sodium induced ulceration model in laboratory animals has some advantages, when compared to other animal models of colitis, due to its simplicity and similarities to human inflammatory bowel disease.

5,6-O-Isopropylidene-D-mannofurano-1,4-lactone (5,6-OI) is a synthetic monosaccharide that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and complex carbohydrates. This compound can be fluorinated to 5,6-OI(F) and methylated to 5,6-OMe. It also has a glycosylation site at C2. The CAS number for this compound is 218070-07-5.

2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is a physiological agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi. 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine is active against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as Candida albicans and other yeasts. This drug is effective in inhibiting water vapor loss in the lungs and has been shown to be an effective antimicrobial agent for the treatment of acute lung infections. 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine has been shown to reduce the development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria by preventing cell wall synthesis. The mechanism of action is thought to involve a matrix effect with cationic compounds, which are deposited on the surface of bacterial cells and destroy them by osmotic lysis. 2,5-Deoxyfructosazine also has antidiabetic effects due to its ability to inhibit glucose uptake into cells by binding to glucose transporters on the cell membrane. A reaction mechanism for this process involves hydrogen

N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt is present in various natural sources, including glycoproteins and glycolipids found in animal tissues. As a sialic acid, N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt plays a critical role in cellular recognition processes due to its involvement in the terminal position of glycan chains. This position allows it to participate in cellular communication, influencing processes like cell adhesion and pathogen interactions.The compound is extensively utilized in the fields of biochemistry and molecular biology, primarily for studies concerning cell surface glycoconjugates. Its ability to modulate interactions at the cell surface makes it invaluable for research into mechanisms of infection, immunity, and cell signaling. Additionally, N-Acetylneuraminic acid sodium salt finds applications in pharmaceutical research, particularly in the development of antiviral drugs where modulation of sialic acid interactions is key. The compound’s biochemical properties enable scientists to explore and elucidate complex biological phenomena, contributing to advances in therapeutic strategies and molecular pathology.

L-Xylose is a monosaccharide that is found in many plants. It is used as a sweetener, and also has been shown to be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic neuropathy. L-Xylose can be metabolized by the enzyme xylitol dehydrogenase to produce energy for the cell. The enzyme catalyzes the conversion of xylitol to D-xylulose and then D-xylulose 1-phosphate, which can be converted into ATP for use by cells. L-Xylose is not metabolized by bacterial enzymes and does not affect blood sugar levels. L-Xylose has been shown to have an effect on taste perception, with a sweet taste at concentrations of 10 milligrams per liter (mg/L). This sweet taste is due to its hydroxymethyl group on the C2 position, which reacts with sodium ions in the mouth. The optimum pH for L-xylose

Butyl a-D-glucopyranoside is an antimicrobial agent that inhibits the growth of photosynthetic organisms. It has been shown to have high cytotoxicity against Gram-positive bacteria, including Enterobacter and Bacillus. Butyl a-D-glucopyranoside also exhibits strong antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This compound also has potent activity against fungi and yeast. The mechanism of action is not known but may involve the inhibition of tyrosol synthesis or the disruption of microbial membranes.

This gamma-cyclodextrin (γ-CD) derivative is a modified cyclic oligosaccharide composed of eight glucose units, featuring a larger cavity size than α- and β-cyclodextrins. This structural characteristic allows γ-CDs to form inclusion complexes with a wider range of guest molecules, making it particularly versatile in various industries. In the food sector, it is used as a carrier and stabilizer for flavors, fat-soluble vitamins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids, protecting volatile compounds from evaporation. In pharmaceuticals, it enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs and, thanks to its larger ring size, allows for the encapsulation of larger molecules or even entire drug molecules. γ-CDs and derivatives are also used for environmental remediation and, in analytical chemistry, for the extraction and concentration of target substances.

Hesperetin 3'-O-b-D-glucuronide is a natural product that is synthesized by glycosylation of hesperidin with 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid. It is a synthetic and complex carbohydrate that can be modified to include fluorination, monosaccharide, oligosaccharide, methylation, and click modification. Hesperetin 3'-O-b-D-glucuronide can also be used in the synthesis of polysaccharides with glycosylations. This product has high purity and can be custom synthesized for customers.

3-Azido-3-deoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-D-allonic acid g-lactone is a modification of the sugar allose. It is an oligosaccharide that contains a complex carbohydrate. It can be custom synthesized and has high purity, making it suitable for use in pharmaceuticals. 3-Azido-3-deoxy-5,6-O-isopropylidene-D allonic acid g lactone is a methylated sugar, which means that it has had one of its hydroxyl groups replaced with a methyl group. It is also glycosylated, meaning that it has been modified by the addition of carbohydrates to its structure. The carbons in 3ADODAGL are found in the form of ring structures, which are known as saccharides.

a-D-Arabinopyranosyl azide is a new modified sugar that has been synthesized by the Click chemistry method. It is a complex carbohydrate with different substituents at the C2, C4, and C6 positions. This compound can be used for methylation, saccharide, polysaccharide, glycosylation or other custom synthesis. The CAS No. for this product is 138892-04-3, and it has a purity of >99%.

This compound is generally known as sucralfates and are medications primarily taken to treat active duodenal ulcers. They are also used for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and stress ulcers.  Sucralfate is a sucrose sulfate-aluminium complex that binds to the ulcer, creating a physical barrier that protects the gastrointestinal tract from stomach acid and prevents the degradation of mucus. It also promotes bicarbonate production and acts like an acid buffer with cytoprotective properties.

Please enquire for more information about D-Fructose 1-phosphate disodium including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page

Ethyl b-D-galactopyranoside is a galactosylated glycoside that can be synthesized by the transfer of an acetyl group from ethyl alcohol to a sugar. It has antibacterial activity and is used in solvents as a stabilizer. The chemical structure of this compound consists of two benzene rings with an -OH group on one end, which are linked together by a covalent bond. The spacing between these two benzene rings is important for the stability of this compound, and it will break down when there is not enough space for the electron clouds to interact with each other. Ethyl b-D-galactopyranoside has been shown to be effective against tuberculosis bacteria, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Mycobacterium avium complex.

Dextran sulphate is a dextran derivative whose ulcer (colitis) -causing properties were first reported in hamsters and extrapolated a few years later to mice and rats. The exact mechanisms through which dextran sulphate induces intestinal inflammation are unclear but may be the result of direct damage of the monolayer of epithelial cells in the colon, leading to the crossing of intestinal contents (for e.g. commensal bacteria and their products) into underlying tissue and therefore induction of inflammation.  The dextran sulphate sodium-induced ulceration model in laboratory animals has some advantages when compared to other animal models of colitis due to its simplicity and similarities to human inflammatory bowel disease. 
MW is in the range of 40,000Da

The utilization of D-Erythrose 4-phosphate extends to various research applications, particularly in studying metabolic pathways and enzyme catalysis relevant to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms.

Plant cell wall component

(2S, 3R, 4R, 5S) -2- (Hydroxymethyl) - 3, 4, 5- piperidinetriol is a naturally occurring metabolite of the amino acid tryptophan. It is a structural analog of glucosylceramide and has been shown to have inhibitory properties against β-glucosidase. Structural studies have shown that this compound has similar stereoselective properties as the natural product glucosylceramide. This compound was also found to be a competitive inhibitor of amines and a non-competitive inhibitor of β-glucosidase.

2,5-Dideoxy-2,5-imino-glycero-D,L-mannoheptitol is a methylated saccharide that has been modified with a click reaction. It is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and glycosylations. This product is an excellent choice for custom synthesis projects due to its high purity, low cost, and short lead time.

Simvastatin acyl-b-D-glucuronide is a modification of simvastatin that has been synthesized and modified to provide high purity. It is a white, crystalline solid with a melting point of about 200°C. This compound can be used as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, or other carbohydrate derivatives.

Alpha-cyclodextrin (α-CD) derivative with a hydrophilic exterior and lipophilic cavity (smaller than β-CDs and γ-CDs) to allocate certain guest molecules. This structural characteristic enables applications in molecular encapsulation, solubility enhancement, and stabilization across multiple industries. In pharmaceuticals, it serves as a drug delivery vehicle, enhancing the bioavailability and stability of active ingredients. The food industry utilizes it as a stabilizer for flavors, colors, and nutrients, as well as a functional ingredient for its effects on lipid metabolism. In cosmetics, it acts as a complex agent for fragrances and active components. Its applications extend to analytical chemistry for chiral separation and to materials science for developing smart materials and nanosystems.

Methyl 4-azido-4-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-a-D-mannopyranoside is a glycosylation reagent that is used to synthesize complex carbohydrates. This product is a monosaccharide with CAS No. 682487-41-6 and has a custom synthesis. It can be fluorinated and saccharified, resulting in an oligosaccharide. The synthesis of this product is based on the Click reaction, which is an efficient way to modify sugar molecules. This product has high purity and can be custom synthesized to meet your needs.

Dermatan sulphate tetrasaccharide ammonium salt is a synthetic, high purity oligosaccharide that is also known as Dermatan sulfate. Dermatan sulfate is a complex carbohydrate that is composed of a repeating sequence of three monosaccharides: glucuronic acid, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine. Dermatan sulfate has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This molecule can be modified to include fluorination or methylation for custom synthesis.

Ginsenoside Ft1 is a saponin and bioactive compound, which is derived from the roots of Panax notoginseng, a plant known for its traditional medicinal uses. The mode of action of Ginsenoside Ft1 involves multiple biochemical pathways, including the modulation of signaling pathways related to inflammation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Its ability to influence these pathways underpins its potential therapeutic applications.

2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(b-D-galactopyranosyl)-a-D-galactopyranosyl-1-O-L-threonine is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. This compound can be used to synthesize glycoproteins, glycolipids, and other glycoconjugates. 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy -3 -O-(b -D -galactopyranosyl) -a -D -galactopyranosyl 1 O L threonine has been modified with methylation and click chemistry reactions.

(2R, 3S, 4R, 5S) -2- Butyl-3, 4, 5- piperidinetriol is a custom synthesis of a fluorinated saccharide. It is a modified monosaccharide that has been synthesized by methylation and click modification. This molecule is an oligosaccharide with glycosylation at both the sugar and carbohydrate level. The saccharide in this compound is a complex carbohydrate that contains two sugar units.

N-Acetyl D-mannosamine (ManNAc) is an aldohexose (2-acetamido-2-deoxymannose) in which the axial hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by a N-acetyl group (Collins, 2006). It has been reported that N-acetyl D-mannosamine supplementation, may provide novel means to break the link between obesity and hypertension (Peng, 2019). N-Acetyl-D-mannosamine and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine are the essential precursors of sialic acid, the specific monomer of polysialic acid, a bacterial pathogenic determinant, for example, Escherichia coli K1 uses both amino sugars as carbon sources. It has been reported that ManNAc can be used as a treatment for hereditary inclusion body myopathy, an adult-onset, progressive neuromuscular disorder and also for renal disorders involving proteinuria and hematuria due to podocytopathy and/or segmental splitting of the glomerular basement membrane (Galeano, 2007).

3-Deoxy-D-gluconic acid is a chemical compound that has the chemical structure of C6H12O6. It is a white crystalline solid that can be found in nature as a reaction product of glucose and oxygen. 3-Deoxy-D-gluconic acid can also be synthesized by reacting D-glucose with nitrous acid or sulfur dioxide. 3-Deoxy-D-gluconic acid is an organic acid and has been shown to inhibit the growth of filamentous fungi by acting on their glycosidic bonds. This chemical compound has not been shown to have any adverse health effects in humans, although it may cause irritation if it comes into contact with skin or eyes.

D-Allose pentaacetate is a modified oligosaccharide that can be used as a synthetic intermediate in the production of complex carbohydrates. It has been shown to have high purity and is easily synthesized in a laboratory setting. D-Allose pentaacetate is a monosaccharide with five acetate groups that can be methylated or glycosylated, which makes it an ideal candidate for modification. D-Allose pentaacetate has CAS No. 144071-49-8 and can be found on PubChem CID: 1215965.

Neocarraoctaose-41,3,5,7-tetra-O-sulfate sodium salt is a synthetic carbohydrate compound that is used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. The chemical name of this product is Neocarraoctaose-41,3,5,7-tetra-O-sulfate sodium salt. It has a molecular weight of 598.34 g/mol and a CAS number of 133647-94-6. This product can be synthesized by methylation, custom synthesis, click modification and fluorination.