Antimicrobiens

Applications Used in the synthesis of some novel thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives having antimicrobial activity.
References Colca, J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 278, 21972 (2003), Galimand, M., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 47, 2565 (2003), Rostom, S., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem., 17, 882 (2009),

Applications Indolicidin is an antimicrobial peptide containing multiple tryptophan residues.

Applications 3-[BENZYL-(2-METHOXYCARBONYL-ETHYL)-AMINO]-PROPIONIC ACID METHYL ESTER (cas# 793-19-1) is a useful research chemical.

Applications 4-​Methyl-​benzenesulfonic Acid (2E)​-​[(5R)​-​2-​Methyl-​5-​(1-​methylethenyl)​-​2-​cyclohexen-​1-​ylidene]​hydrazide-d4 is an intermediate in synthesizing (+)-Limonene-d5 (L461742). It is present in blood oranges which show inhibition of angiogenesis in human colon cancer cells. Extracted from the oils of Mentha spicata it shows antimicrobial activity.
References Chidambara Murthy, K. et al.: Life Sci.,91, 429 (2012); Aggarwal, K. et al.: Flav. Frag. J., 17, 59 (2002)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications 1,3-Dibenzyl-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium Chloride is a useful reagent in the preparation of the antimicrobial benzimidazolium compounds via N-alkylation of benzimidazoles with benzyl chloride.
References Meng, J. P., et al.: Adv. Mat. Res., 554, 1686 (2012)

Applications K252a is a protein kinase inhibitor. It is an analogue of staurosporine (S685000). It shows potent antitumor activity but no antimicrobial activity in vitro, or in vivo toxicity in rodents.
References Kase, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 39, 1059 (1986); Yasuzawa, T., et al.; J. Antibiot., 39, 1072 (1986)

Applications 1H-Indazol-3-amine is a reagent used in the preparation of indazole derivatives as potential antimicrobial and antitumor agents.
References Plescia, S., et al.: ARKIVOC, 10, 163 (2010)

Applications (+)-Ledene is an essential oil that is synthesized by viridiflorene synthase. It has been studied as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, antibiofilm and to treat various cancers.
References Negreiros, M.O., et al.: Pharm. Biol, 54, 3272-3279 (2016)

Applications 1-Pyridin-2-yl-propan-2-one is an antimicrobial bioactive compound extracted from Lactarius vellereus fermenting liquor.
References Ji, H., et al.: Beijing Linye Daxue Xuebao, 30, 92 (2008); Song, R., et al.: From Faming Zhuanli Shenqing (2008), CN 101230368 A 20080730;

Applications CSA (cationic steroid antibiotics) is a class of facial amphiphiles with same mechanism of antimicrobial action as that of CPAs (cationic peptide antibiotics).
References Sundriyal, S., et al.: J. Mol. Model, 14, 265 (2008).

Stability Air Sensitive
Applications 4-(Phenylthio)-1,2-benzenediamine is used in the synthesis of bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophosphoryl-containing compounds which are potential anticancer agents. It is also used in the synthesis of 2-substituted-2,3-dihyrdro-5-thiophenoxy-1H-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphole 2-oxides which exhibit antimicrobial activity.
References Rao, L. N., et al.: Phosphorus Sulfur, 177, 399 (2002); Rao, L. N., et al.: Phosphorus Sulfur, 158, 39 (2000)

Stability Hygroscopic
Applications Gentianose is a trisaccharide and phytochemical found in bitter gentian teas with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
References Olennikov, D. N.; et al.: Molecules, 20, 20014 (2015).

Bacitracin A is an antibiotic peptide, which is isolated from the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. It functions by interfering with the cell wall synthesis of bacteria. Specifically, Bacitracin A inhibits the dephosphorylation of the C55-isoprenyl pyrophosphate molecule, an essential lipid carrier that transports peptidoglycan building blocks to the growing cell wall. This disruption leads to the inhibition of peptidoglycan synthesis, a critical component of bacterial cell walls, resulting in cell lysis and death.

Atisinium chloride is an organometallic compound, which is synthesized through advanced coordination chemistry techniques. The source of this compound lies in the strategic combination of organic ligands with metal centers, facilitating unique interactions that are pivotal to its functionality. The mode of action primarily involves the ability to participate in complex catalytic cycles, engaging in electron transfer processes that are essential for mediating chemical transformations.

This compound finds applications in specialized fields such as catalysis, where it is utilized to promote and drive reactions that may be inefficient under normal conditions. Its effectiveness in altering reaction pathways and increasing selectivity makes it valuable in synthetic chemistry and industrial processes. Additionally, atisinium chloride's unique properties might be leveraged in materials science for the development of novel materials with tailored functionalities. The intricate balance of its reactive properties and stability under varying conditions makes it a subject of ongoing research for further applications.

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Dicloxacillin sodium salt monohydrate is a beta-lactam antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating infections caused by penicillinase-producing bacteria.

4-Epianhydrotetracycline is a chemical compound that is a derivative of tetracycline, a well-known antibiotic. It is primarily a byproduct arising from the chemical degradation of tetracycline antibiotics, occurring under acidic or basic conditions. The source of this compound is the structural transformation of tetracycline, resulting in an altered molecular configuration.

Inhibitor of protein synthesis; aminoglycoside

PF 1022A is a cyclooctadepsipeptide, which is a type of cyclic peptide composed of amino acids and hydroxy acids. It is derived from the fermentation products of the fungus *Mycelia sterilia*, a member of the *Rosellinia* genus. Its mode of action involves disrupting glutamate-gated chloride channels in parasitic nematodes, which leads to paralysis and eventual death of the parasite.

Ikarugamycin is a polycyclic nitrogenous antibiotic, which is derived from the fermentation of Streptomyces species, a genus of gram-positive bacteria. It acts primarily by inhibiting clathrin-mediated endocytosis, a cellular process involving the internalization of various macromolecules. This inhibition disrupts cellular uptake mechanisms, which has significant implications for its utility in biological research and therapeutic applications.

Radicinol is a natural compound, which is a dihydroflavonol primarily sourced from plant origins. This compound is biosynthesized in specific plant species and extracted through meticulous biochemical processes to ensure its purity and efficacy. The mode of action of Radicinol involves the modulation of specific cellular pathways, conferring antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. It acts by scavenging free radicals and enhancing cellular resilience against oxidative stress.

Bensulide-oxon is a metabolite derived from the organophosphate pesticide bensulide, which is predominantly used in agricultural settings. It forms as a result of environmental or biological processes that involve the oxidation of bensulide. As a potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, bensulide-oxon disrupts normal neuronal signaling by preventing the breakdown of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, leading to an accumulation that affects the nervous systems of target organisms.

Erythromycin lactobionate is a macrolide antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium *Saccharopolyspora erythraea*. Its mode of action involves binding to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis and leading to the suppression of bacterial growth. This mechanism effectively targets gram-positive bacteria and some gram-negative bacteria, making it a crucial agent in the fight against various bacterial infections.

2-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-6-ethylaniline is an organic chemical compound, which is often utilized as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pigments, and other industrial chemicals. This compound is derived from aromatic amines and undergoes specific chemical reactions that enable its functionality in various synthetic processes.