Lignanes

Etoposide is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer. Etoposide inhibits DNA synthesis by forming a complex with topoisomerase II and DNA, it induces apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

<p>Phanginin A, a natural product, activates SIK1 and inhibits gluconeogenesis in mouse primary hepatocytes, can be used in studies of type 2 diabetes.</p>

Deoxypodophyllotoxin shows cytotoxic , antineoplastic, antitumor, insecticidal, anti-angiogenic, vascular disrupting, insecticidal, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Deoxypodophyllotoxin induces G2 /M cell-cycle arrest followed by apoptosis through multiple cellular processes, involving the activation of ATM, upregulation of p53 and Bax, activation of caspase-3 and -7, and accumulation of PTEN resulting in the inhibition of the Akt pathway. Deoxypodophyllotoxin maybe applicable to treat hyperpigmentation, it decreases UV-induced skin pigmentation of brown guinea pigs.