Nucléosides

<p>β-Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide reduced form, most commonly known as NADH, is a cofactor involved in the electron transport chain, in the metabolism of amino acids and many other cellular processes such as the synthesis of ATP. It is also a substrate for glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase. The reduced form of NADH can be used as an indicator for glutathione peroxidase activity. In addition, it has been shown to have antioxidant properties by reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This product has been used in formulations of synthetic drugs for the treatment of women with long-term effects of menopause, such as osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. It has also been used in the production of alginate gel, which can be used to create scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. More recently, in bioorganic chemistry, NADH has been used as a source of hydride species for reduction reactions.</p>

<p>N-Acetyl-2'-O-[(tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl]-5'-O-DMT-6'-O-methylguanosine-3'-CE phosphoramidite is a nucleoside and nucleotide analog. It is synthesized by reacting 2'-deoxyguanosine with acetyl chloride, 5'-dimethoxytrityl chloride, and 3'-Ce phosphoramidite in an organic solvent. N-Acetyl-2'-O-[(tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl]-5'-O-DMT-6'-O-methylguanosine has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and viruses in cell culture studies. It is also a potent inhibitor of HIV replication in vitro.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-a-thiotriphosphate sodium salt is an antiviral nucleotide analog that has been modified to have a novel structure. It is phosphorylated in vivo to form 2'-deoxyadenosine 5'-a-thiotriphosphate. The nucleoside can inhibit viral DNA synthesis and help prevent the spread of HIV, herpes virus type I, herpes virus type II, influenza virus, and other viruses. This compound also has anticancer activity and has been shown to be effective against leukemia cells.</p>

<p>5-Carbamoylmethyluridine is a nucleoside that is structurally related to uridine. It is synthesized from uridine by methyl esterification with carbamic acid and methoxycarbonyl chloride. 5-Carbamoylmethyluridine interacts with actin filaments and has been shown to alter the expression of messenger RNA in eukaryotes. 5-Carbamoylmethyluridine also acts as a competitive inhibitor of the formation of a ternary complex, which includes ATP, GTP, and UTP, at the level of ribonucleotide reductase. This inhibition leads to decreased synthesis of messenger RNA in cells.</p>

<p>N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-cytidine is an antiviral drug that inhibits the viral DNA polymerase. It is a modified nucleoside, which is activated by phosphorylation. N4-Acetyl-5'-O-DMT-cytidine is used in research for its anticancer properties and has shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro. The compound was found to be more potent than cytidine and other modified nucleosides.</p>

<p>5’-O-DMT-3’-O-levulinyl-2’-deoxyadenosine is a monophosphate antiviral agent. It has been shown to inhibit the activity of DNA and RNA polymerases in vitro. The drug is novel, and its antiviral properties have not been tested in vivo. 5’-O-DMT-3’-O-levulinyl-2’-deoxyadenosine has been synthesized using phosphoramidites and was found to be of high quality and purity. It has also been modified at the 2' position with an acetyl group and at the 3' position with a levulinoyl group.</p>

<p>7-Iodo-7-deaza-2'-C-methylguanosine has antiviral activity and is used as a building block in the synthesis of DNA and RNA molecules. 7-Iodo-7-deaza-2'-C-methylguanosine is a novel synthetic nucleoside that has anticancer properties and is used for the treatment of different types of cancer. It is also used for the prevention of viral infections, such as influenza. This product has high purity and is available in its phosphate or monophosphate form.</p>

<p>2-Iodoadenosine is a chemical compound that is produced from the oxidation of uridine. It is used in the synthesis of peptides, which are important for biological processes like signal transduction and cell growth. 2-Iodoadenosine can be made by coupling other molecules to an adenosine molecule. This process involves a cross-coupling reaction with palladium catalysts or hydroxylation reactions with sodium borohydride. The resulting product has been shown to have anticancer and anti-microbial activities against protozoan parasites and cyclic peptide structures.</p>

<p>3'-Deoxy-3'-fluoro-5'-O-toluoylcytidine is a monophosphate nucleoside of cytidine. It is a phosphoramidite building block for the synthesis of DNA, an antiviral and anticancer agent. 3'-Deoxy-3'-fluoro-5'-O-toluoylcytidine has been shown to inhibit the replication of HIV and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in cell cultures and to induce apoptosis in cancer cells by inhibiting protein synthesis and inducing oxidative stress. This nucleoside is synthesized from deoxythymidine 5' phosphate using phosphorus pentoxide as oxidizing agent, followed by a reaction with toluene. The novel 3'-deoxy-3'-fluoro-5'-O-toluoylcytidine can be used as an activator for other modified nucleotides in DNA synthesis or as scaffold for the</p>

<p>Nelarabine is a drug that prevents the growth of cells by inhibiting the bcr-abl kinase, which is an intracellular target. This drug has been shown to be effective against pediatric patients with t-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and adults with chronic myeloid leukemia. Nelarabine has minimal toxicity in humans and is not toxic to healthy cells. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and may be used as a biomarker for autoimmune diseases. Nelarabine also inhibits angiogenesis, which may be due to its effects on nuclear DNA.</p>

<p>6-Amino-2,5-dihydro-2-(b-D-ribofuranosyl)-4H-pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidin-4-one is a novel chemical. It is a nucleoside analog that has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 6-Amino-2,5-dihydro-2-(b-D ribofuranosyl)-4H pyrazolo[3,4 d]pyrimidin 4 one has also been shown to inhibit viral replication. It is phosphoramidites that are modified with bifunctional linkers for coupling to DNA or RNA molecules. 6 amino 2 5 dihydro 2 (b D ribofuranosyl) 4 H pyrazolo 3 4 d pyrimidine 4 one has high purity and high quality.</p>

<p>N-Phenylpyridin-4-amine is a tautomeric compound that has been shown to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. It is able to bind to tyrosine kinase and inhibit its activity, which affects the proliferation of cancer cells. N-Phenylpyridin-4-amine also inhibits mitochondrial functions by inhibiting cytochrome c oxidase. This drug also has an anti-inflammatory effect, inhibiting the production of cytokines such as IL1β, IL6, and TNFα. The biological function of N-Phenylpyridin-4-amine is not yet fully understood. It may be due to the inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatases (such as PTP1B), which are involved in insulin signalling pathways.</p>

<p>Anti-viral; anti-neoplastic</p>

<p>5'-Deoxy-5'-fluoro-5'-(methylthio)adenosine is an analogue of adenosine that has inhibitory activities on the biosynthetic pathway of polyamines. It has been shown to have a cytostatic effect on murine leukemia cells in vitro. 5'-Deoxy-5'-fluoro-5'-(methylthio)adenosine inhibits the production of polyamines by interfering with the enzyme responsible for their biosynthesis, ornithine decarboxylase. 5'-Deoxy-5'-fluoro-5'-(methylthio)adenosine also inhibits the growth of murine leukemia cells and other leukemia cell lines, including L1210 and MM1.</p>

<p>5'-O-p-Anisoyl-2'-deoxyuridine 3'-CE phosphoramidite is an anticancer nucleoside analog that inhibits viral replication. It is a modified nucleoside with a 5' anisoyl group and a 2' deoxyuridine moiety. This compound is synthesized by reacting the 5'-O-p-anisoyl-2'-deoxyuridine 3'-cyclohexylphosphate with <br>phosphorus oxychloride to form the 5'-O-p-anisoyl-2'-deoxyuridine 3'-cyanoethyl phosphoramidite, which can be used for the synthesis of DNA or RNA. The phosphoramidite can also be used as an activator in polymerase chain reactions (PCR).</p>

<p>1-(2'-O-4-C-Methylene-b-D-ribofuranosyl)thymine is a nucleoside analog with a modified ribofuranosyl sugar, which includes a 2'-O-4'-C-methylene bridge that constrains the sugar conformation.</p>

<p>Azathioprine is a drug that suppresses the immune system and is used to treat autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is an immunosuppressant that prevents the formation of antibodies by blocking the enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase. Azathioprine is metabolized in the liver to 6-mercaptopurine, which has been shown to cause leukopenia. The genetic polymorphism of this enzyme can lead to differences in the metabolism and toxicity of azathioprine therapy.</p>

<p>CTP serves as a molecule of high energy. It acts as a coenzyme in glycerophospholipid biosynthesis and protein glycosylation.</p>

<p>2'-Deoxy-5'-O-pixyluridine (2DPU) is a novel, synthetic nucleoside that is an active ingredient in antiviral and anticancer drugs. 2DPU has been shown to inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by inhibiting the viral enzyme HIV reverse transcriptase. The phosphoramidite form of 2DPU is used as a building block for DNA synthesis and for the synthesis of other nucleosides. The monophosphate form of 2DPU is used in the synthesis of antiviral drugs, including acyclovir, zidovudine, and ribavirin.</p>

<p>9-(3',5'-Di-O-acetyl-2'-O-methyl-b-D-ribofuranosyl)-6-chloropurine is a novel and high quality antiviral monophosphate deoxyribonucleoside. It is synthesized from 2'-deoxyadenosine monophosphate, 2'-deoxycytidine monophosphate, and 6-chloropurine by the phosphorylation of nucleosides with a modified phosphoramidite method. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of HIV DNA was inhibited with this compound in vitro. This drug also has anticancer activity when it is used in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs such as gemcitabine, cisplatin, and paclitaxel.</p>