Bêta-bloquants

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications The optically active isomer of Carvedilol (C184625), a nonselective ß-adrenergic blocker with a1-blocking activity. An antihypertensive used in the treatment of congestive heart failure.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hirohashi, M., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 40, 735 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Applications Inhibits the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase in vitro.<br>References Endo, A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 32, 852 (1979), Alberts, A.W., et al.: Drug Invest., 2 (Suppl. 2), 9 (1990), Kuroda, M., et al.: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 486, 70 (1977),<br></p>

<p>Applications An enantiomeric impurity of Ezetimibe (E975005), an antihyperlipoproteinemic and cholesterol absorption inhibitor.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Fluocinolone Acetonide EP Impurity B<br>Applications (6α,11β,16α,17α)-6,9-Difluoro-11-hydroxy-16,17-[(1-methylethylidene)bis(oxy)]-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene-17-carboxylic Acid, is a derivative of Fluocinolone Acetonide (F455800), which is a Corticosteroid, used in dermatology to reduce skin inflammation and relieve itching.<br>References Sammul, et al.: J. Assoc. Off. Agric. Chem., 47, 952 (1964), Emerson, M.V., et al.: BioDrugs, 21, 245 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Applications An Epinephrine (E588585) derivative formed in injection solutions and eye drops during sterilization and storage of L-Epinephrine Bitartrate.<br>References De Mol, N.J. et al.: Pharmac. Week., 117, 1 (1982); Liu, C. et al.: Yao. Fen. Zaz., 2, 200 (1982);<br></p>

<p>Applications A carvedilol Impurity.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Rosuvastatin EP Impurity B<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications A diastereomer of Rosuvastatin (R700500) used for treatment, prevention and combination therapy of lipid-related disorders. Rosuvastatin EP Impurity B<br></p>

<p>Applications Norepinephrine Sulfonic Acid is a derivative of DL-Norepinephrine Hydrochloride (N674500), antagonist of dibutyryl cyclic-AMP in the regulation of narcosis. Norepinephrine modulates human dendritic cell activation by altering cytokine release.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Piguet, P., et al.: J. Exp. Med., 173, 673 (1991), Hosoi, J., et al.: Nature, 363, 159 (1993), Elenkov, I., et al.: Pharmacol. Rev., 52, 595 (2000), Kaplan, D., et al.: Immunity, 23, 611 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications AICAR is a nucleoside analogue that is able to enter nucleoside pools and is able to significantly increase levels of adenosine during periods of ATP breakdown. Adenosine-regulating agents (ARAs) have been recognized for therapeutic potential in myocardial ischemia. Cardioprotective.<br>References Mullane, K., et al.: Trends Cardiovasc Med., 3, 227 (1993), Browne, G.J., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 279, 13, 12220 (2004)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled antihypertensive. An angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, converted to active, diacid metabolite.<br>References Teetz, V., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 34, 1399 (1984), Ruggenenti, P., et al.: Lancet, 352, (1998), Bosch, J., et al.: Br. Med. J., 324, 1 (2002),<br></p>

<p>Applications Nicergoline-d3 is the labeled analogue of Nicergoline(N394550), a drug used for age-dependent cognitive impairment such as Alzheimers disease and other types of dementia.<br>References Caraci, F., et. al.: Brain Res., 1047, 30 (2005); Mizuno, T., et. al.: Brain Res., 1066, 78 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ezetimibe Ketone (USP)<br>Applications Phase-I metabolite of Ezetimibe (E975000).<br>References Shah, V., et al: J. Pharm. Sci., 17, 1551 (2000), Van Heek, M., et al.: Br. J. Pharmacol., 134, 409 (2001), Watts, G., et al.: Clin. Sci.,103, 595 (2002), Ghosal, A., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 32, 314 (2004), Sistla, R., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 39, 517 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications Tirofiban intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Nadolol EP Impurity B<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications (2R,3S)-rel-Nadolol-de(N-tert-butyl)methoxy is an impurity of Nadolol (N201050), a β-Adrenergic blocker. Antihypertensive; antianginal.<br>References Dreyfuss, J., et al.: J. Clin. Pharmacol., 17, 300 (1977); Sibley, P.L., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 44, 379 (1978); Slusarek, L., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 9, 455 (1980)<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications An active carboxylate of Mevastatin (M340500). It is a competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase with hypocholesterolemic activity. It has been shown to be effective in reducing cholesterol synthesis in vivo, and thereby in lowering cholesterol levels in blood.<br>References Endo, A. et al.: Atheroscler. Supp., 5, 39 (2004); Hosobuchi, M. et al.: J. Ferm. Bioeng., 76, 470 (1993);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Carvedilol EP Impurity C; Carvedilol Impurity C; Carvedilol USP C<br>Applications N-Benzyl Carvedilol (Carvedilol EP Impurity C) is an impurity of Carvedilol (C184625) and a degradation product in Carvedilol tablets.<br>References Karle, C., et al.: Cardiovasc. Res., 49, 361 (2001), Chen, J., et al.: Acta Cardiol. Sin., 19, 93 (2003), Xiang, T., et al.: Pharm. Res., 22, 1205 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(9H-Carbazol-4-yloxy)-1,2-propanediol is used in the synthesis of carvedilol, a β-adrenergic blocking agent.<br>References Naidu, K. et al.: Org. Chem. An Indian J., 6, 171 (2010);<br></p>