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Histochemical substrate for esterase

Aldol 470 butyrate is a chromogenic substrate for the enzyme aldolase. It can be used in diagnostics, food testing and culture media. Aldol 470 butyrate has been shown to be useful in detecting the presence of a number of different substances, including alcohols, organic acids, ketones, amines and amino acids. Aldol 470 butyrate is also an excellent ligand for determination of protein-ligand interactions. The conjugation of this product with other molecules provides an excellent tool for chemiluminescence assays. This product is also used as a fluorogenic substrate in environmental testing.

Aldol® 470 choline phosphate is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC, EC 3.1.4.3) activity. The colorless product is cleaved by PC-PLC positive microorganisms in liquid or solid media, yielding a yellow color and green fluorescence. Aldol® 470 choline phosphate therefore, enables the detection and identification of PC-PLC positive pathogenic bacteria, such as, Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Helicobacter pylori, Legionella pneumophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus anthracis, Listeria monocytogenes, and others. Aldol® 470 choline phosphate can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

4-Nitrophenyl palmitate is a lipase-sensitive chromogenic substrate commonly used in the study of lipase and esterase activity. Its hydrolysis by lipases produces a yellow 4-nitrophenol, which can be easily detected spectrophotometrically, offering a quantitative measure of enzyme activity. This substrate is widely utilized in the screening of lipase-producing microorganisms and the optimization of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in various fields, including biotechnology and pharmaceutical research.

5-Bromo-6-chloro-3-indolyl-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that is used as an indicator in diagnostic tests. This compound reacts with an oxidizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, to generate light. It is also used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of bioluminescence and it can be applied in culture media or food testing. 5Bromo-6Chloro-3Indolyl2Acetamido2DeoxyA1DGlucopyranoside has a CAS number, which means that it meets the standards set by the Chemical Abstracts Service. It also has a high purity and quality, making it suitable for use in laboratories.

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-L-fucopyranoside (X-Fuc) is a chromogenic substrate specifically designed for the identification and detection of fucosidase enzyme activity. Upon cleavage by fucosidase, it generates a blue-colored 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxy-indole precipitate, which can be easily observed under a microscope or spectrophotometer. This feature makes X-Fuc an invaluable tool across various applications, such as biochemical analysis, histochemical staining, cell biology, and enzyme kinetic assays. By providing a fast, sensitive, and reliable readout for fucosidase activity, 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl β-L-fucopyranoside facilitates essential research in the understanding of biological processes and the development of therapeutic interventions.

2-Chloro-4-nitrophenyl β-D-cellotrioside is a chromogenic substrate use in cellulase activity assays. This enzyme, which is responsible to break down cellulose, hydrolyzes 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-cellotrioside and releases 2-chloro-4-nitrophenol than can be quantified spectrophotometrically. The use of 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl beta-D-cellotrioside as substrate for enzymatic assays allows detecting bacterial cellulose in urine tract infections in the biofilm state.

2-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is a non-animal origin chromogenic substrate for the detection of beta-galactosidase activity. It is used in food testing, diagnostics, and environmental testing. 2-Nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside is also used as a ligand in enzyme assays and a fluorogenic substrate for chemiluminescent reactions. This product is conjugated to HRP.

Substrate for hydrolases

Reducing co-substrate for heme peroxidases; test reagent in microbiology

Chromogenic substrate for α-amylase yielding a yellow solution upon cleavage.

a-Naphthyl phosphate disodium salt hydrate is a highly water-soluble chromogenic substrate used to determine phosphatase activity in research and analytical applications, particularly for staining and differentiating acid and alkaline phosphatases.

Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding yellow coloration and green fluorescence. Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside can also be used in beta-galactosidase gene reporter assays or immunoassay applications (ELISA). Aldol® 470 beta-D-galactopyranoside can be used under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.

X-Gal is a chromogenic substrate for β-galactosidase, yielding a blue precipitate. X-Gal is an indicator for coliforms in culture media, as well as for the detection of coliforms (E. coli) in municipal water supplies and food products. X-Gal can be used in conjunction with the inducer IPTG, which binds and inhibits the lac repressor thus inducing β-galactosidase expression. X-Gal is the substrate of choice for blue-white selection of recombinant bacterial colonies with the lac+ genotype. Upon hydrolysis, X-Gal yields a localized, insoluble, blue precipitate, making it exceptionally useful in blotting, immunocytochemical, and ELISA assays. 5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (X-beta-D-galactoside, X-Gal) is a chromogenic indicator for beta-galactosidase activity. The colorless product is cleaved by lactose-utilizing bacteria in liquid media or on agar plates and yields a blue-green colored precipitate. X-Gal can also be used as a detecting agent for beta-galactosidase activity in reporter gene assays or for identification of positive transformants on agar plates when using the α-complementation approach. Color formation is due to dimerization and oxidation of 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-hydroxyindole which results from enzymatic cleavage of X-Gal. The reaction proceeds only in the presence of oxygen, i.e. in aerobic cultures. Well detectable color bacterial colonies or liquid cultures is obtained within 16-48 h. In the presence of purified beta-galactosidase, color develops within minutes to a few hours.

Chromogenic substrates targeting beta-xylosidase

5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indoxyl thymidine (BCIT) is a chromogenic substrate that reacts with the enzyme β-galactosidase, which cleaves the BCIT to form a bromochloroindoxyl (BCI) and an indoxyl phosphate. The BCI is then detected by chemiluminescence or fluorescence. This product is used in food testing, diagnostics, environmental testing, and staining. It has been shown to be a good substrate for β-galactosidase from different sources such as calf thymus, bacteria, fungi, and plants.

5-Bromo-4-Chloro-3-Indoxyl-N-Acetyl-Beta-D-Galactosaminide is a chromogenic substrate for detecting beta-galactosidase and GalNAc-transferase enzymes. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a blue-green colored compound that can be detected visually or measured spectrophotometrically. This substrate is useful in characterizing the activity of Beta-Galactosidase and GalNAc-transferase enzymes involved in glycobiology research and diagnostic applications.