Antibiotiques Naturels et Semi-Synthétiques

<p>Impurity Terbinafine EP Impurity D; Terbinafine USP Related Compound D; Terbinafine BP Impurity D<br>Applications N-[(2E)-6,6-dimethyl-2-hepten-4-yn-1-yl]-N,4-dimethyl-1-naphthalenemethanamine (Terbinafine EP Impurity D; Terbinafine USP Related Compound D; Terbinafine BP Impurity D) is an impurity of Terbinafine (T107500), an orally active, antimycotic allylamine and a specific inhibitor of squalene epoxidase.<br>References Petranyi, G., et al.: Science, 224, 1239 (1984); Ryder, N.S., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 27, 252 (1985); Evans, E.G.V., et al.: Br. Med. J., 318, 1031 (1999);<br></p>

<p>Applications A derivative of 7-Aminodeacetylcephalosporanic Acid (A604330) derivative with bactericidal properties. Used in the preparation of penicillin and deacetylcephaphosphorin derivatives.<br>References Borowicz, P. et al.: Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm., 31, 227 (1979);<br></p>

<p>Applications Erythromycin Glucoheptonate is a derivative of Erythromycin (E649950), an antibiotic.<br>References Delaforge, M. et al.: Biochem. Pharm., 32, 2309 (1983); Niederau, W. et al.: Chemother., 26, 121 (1980);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2-(5-Mercaptotetrazole-1-yl)ethanolis a mercaptotetrazole derivative used as an intermediate in the preparation of beta-lactam antibiotic Flomoxef (F401850) as well one of its metabolite. 2-(5-Mercaptotetrazole-1-yl)ethanol also shows vitamin K-dependent glutamylcarboxylase inhibitory activity.<br>References Oka, T. et al.: Jap. J. Pharmacol., 46, 165 (1988); Konaka, R. et al.: Chemotherapy, 35, 137 (1987);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clarithromycin EP Impurity E<br>Applications 6,11-Di-O-methyl Erythromycin (Clarithromycin EP Impurity E) is a Di-O-alkyl Erythromycin (E649950) is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750). Clarithromycin impurity E per British Pharmacopoeia.<br>References Morimoto, S. et al.: J. Antibiot., 43, 286 (1990); Kohno, Y. et al.: J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 26, 503 (1990);<br></p>

<p>Applications Cefmetazole Lactone is an impurity of cefmetazole (C242850), which is a semi-synthetic antibiotic derived from Cephamycin. Antibacterial.<br>References Nakao, H., et al.: J. Antibiot., 29, 554 (1976), Iwata, M., et al.: Jpn. J. Exp. Med., 48, 401 (1978), Shindo, H., et al.: Chemoterapy, 27, 64 (1979), Nishida, M., et al.: J. Antibiot., 32, 1319 (1979),<br></p>

<p>Applications tert-Butyl N-[2-[2-(6-chlorohexyloxy)ethoxy]ethyl]carbamate is an intermediate in the synthesis of HaloTag O2 Tobramycin (H103850). HaloTag O2 Tobramycin is a derivative compound of Tobramycin (T524000), a single factor antibiotic comprising about 10% of nebramycin, the aminoglycosidic antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. An Antibacterial.<br>References Koch, K.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 309 (1970); Welles, J.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 22, 332 (1972); Dash, A.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 24, 579 (1996)<br></p>

<p>Applications 3-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic Acid-13C4 Ethyl Ester is an isotope labelled derivative in the synthesis of Flucloxacillin (F419200), a new semisynthetic penicillin with broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.<br>References Macsari, I., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 3871 (2011); Cui, Y., et al.: Curr. Sci., 89, 531 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Pipecolic Acid (P479760) derivative. Found in wheat, rye and barley.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Simvastatin EP Impurity F<br>Applications Epi Lovastatin (Simvastatin EP Impurity F) is a Lovastatin impurity; an antihypercholesterolemic compound.<br>References Hoffman, W.F., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 29, 849 (1986),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications 2-Chloroethoxy Roxithromycin is an impurity of Roxithromycin (R700850); a semisynthetic Erythromycin (E649950) derivative and antibacterial.<br>References Jones, R.N., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 24, 209 (1983); Barry, A.L., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 5, 536 (1986); Grassi, C., et al.: Chemioterapia, 6, 41 (1987); Gasc, J.C., et al.: J. Antibiot., 44, 313 (1991);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Erythromycin EP Impurity B<br>Applications N-Demethyl Erythromycin A (Erythromycin EP Impurity B) is a metabolite of Erythromycin (E649950).<br>References Rich, D.H., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 18, 1004 (1975), Itoh, Z,. et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 26, 863 (1984), Omura, S., et al.: J. Antibiotics 38, 1631 (1985),<br></p>

<p>Applications Imipenem intermediate.<br></p>

<p>Applications Selamectin is a topical parasiticide and also used as a veterinary antihelminithic agent on animals.<br>References Eshar, D., et al.: J. Am. Veterin. Med. Association., 241, 1056 (2012); Geis-Asteggiante, L., et al.: J. Chromatograph., 1258, 43 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ceftazidime EP Impurity H<br>Applications Ceftazidime Methyl Ester (Ceftazidime EP Impurity H) is an impurity of Ceftazidime (C244100). Ceftazidime impurity G.<br>References Miyake, A., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 486, 182 (1989), Seibert, G., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 33, 1084 (1983),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected rac Zearalenone-d6<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the preparation of Azamulin<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Piperacilloic Acid-Piperacillin Dimer Disodium Salt is Piperacillin (P479950) impurity and can be obtained from it. Piperacillin (P479950) is broad spectrum semi-synthetic antibiotic related to Penicillin. Antibacterial.<br>References Takai, A., et al.: Chemotherapy, 25, 816 (1977); Bodey, G.P., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 14, 78 (1978); Kuck, N.A., et al.: J. Antibiot., 31, 1175 (1978);<br></p>

<p>Applications The Δ2-isomer of Cefotean (C242970). It is useful as intermediate in the preparation of cephalesorin compounds.<br>References Sugioka, T., et al.: Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 1998 (1990),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefpodoxime Proxetil EP Impurity F<br>Applications 2-Formyl-cefpodoxime Proxetil (Cefpodoxime Proxetil EP Impurity F) is a useful intermediate to prepare cefpodoxime proxetil (C243860), a cephalosporin antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections.<br>References Fujimoto, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 40, 370 (1987); Utsui, Y., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 31, 1085 (1987)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Tacrolimus Methylacryl Aldehyde (USP)<br>Applications Tacrolimus Methyl Acryl Aldehyde is the degradation product of Tacrolimus (F370000), a novel macrocyclic lactone isolated from Streptomyces tsukubaensis, having immunosuppressant activity.<br>References Asano, K., et al.: In Vivo, 10, 537 (1996), McCall, E., et al.: Circ. Res., 79, 1110 (1996), Raufman, J.P., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 271, 19877 (1996), Rokaw, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 271, C194 (1996), Knoll, G.A., and Bell, R.C.: Brit. Med. J., 318, 1104 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Potassium Clavulanate EP Impurity K<br>Applications tert-Octylamine (Potassium Clavulanate EP Impurity K) is used in the synthesis of aminomethyltetracycline dericatives as novel antibacterial agents. Also used in the preparation of carbonyl or sulfonylpyrrolidine containing uracil derivatives which have potent effect in the inhibitoon of deoxyuridine triphosphatase inhibitors.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Clark, R. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 56, 8112 (2013); Miyakoshi, H. et al.: J. Med. Chem., 55, 2960 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications 7-Chloro-6-fluoro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic Acid is a 1-arylated derivative of 1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with antibacterial activity.<br>References Radl, S. et al.: Coll. Czech. Chem. Comm., 54, 2181 (1989):<br></p>

<p>Impurity Lovastatin EP Impurity D<br>Applications Lovastatin Dimer (Lovastatin EP Impurity D) is an impurity in Lovastatin (L472225) bulk drug.<br>References Houck, A., et al.: Talanta, 40, 491 (1993),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clarithromycin Impurity O EP<br>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Clarithromycin (9Z)-O-Methyloxime is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750); a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic and derivative of Erythromycin (E650000).<br>References Morgan, D., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 502, 351 (1990); Benson, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 6, 173 (1987); Boyanova, L., et al.: J. Med. Microb., 61, 85 (2012); Lin, Z., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 126, 114 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Tigecycline pentacyclic analog is an impurity of Tigecycline (T440015), one of the very few glycylcycline antimicrobials that exhibit activity against Gram-negative bacteria and also one of the few that also circumvent around the major resistance mechanisms of tetracycline.<br>References Grosse, E., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis. (Supplement 5), 41, S341 (2005); Livermore, D.: J. Antimicrob. Chemoth., 56, 611 (2005); Stein, G. &amp; Craig, W.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 43, 518 (2006)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Ciprofloxacin Impurity E<br>Applications Ciprofloxacin impurity. Ciprofloxacin Impurity E<br>References Borner, K, et al.: J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 24, 325 (1986), Lacroix, P., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 14, 641 (1996), Barron, D., et al.: Anal. Chim. Acta, 415, 83 (2000,<br></p>

<p>Applications N-Acetyl Cefixime is the N-acetylated analogue and impurity of the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Cefixime (C242800).<br></p>

<p>Applications The minor glucuronide metabolite of Chloramphenicol (C325030).<br>References Simons, P., et al.: Xenobiotica, 22, 1267 (1992), Kaji, H., et al.: Drug Metab. Dispos., 33, 60 (2005),<br></p>

<p>Applications A tetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid with antitumor activity isolated from the Caribbean tunicate, Ecteinascidin turbinata. It is the first marine anticancer agent approved in the European Union for patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Antineoplastic.<br>References Sakai, R., et al.: Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 89, 11456 (1992), Aune, G., et al.: Anticancer Drugs, 13, 545 (2002), Herrero, A., et al.: Cancer Res., 66, 8155 (2006), Sugasawa, K., et al.: Carcinogenesis, 29, 455 (2008),<br></p>

<p>Applications Erythromycin (E649950) derivative.<br></p>

<p>Applications Amoxicillin sodium (Amox) (cas# 34642-77-8) is a useful research chemical.<br></p>

<p>Applications A semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Antibacterial.<br>References Goodhart, F., et al.: J. Pharamac. Sci., 62, 133 (1973), Maier, H., et al.: Arzneim.-Forsch., 42, 980 (1992),<br></p>

<p>Applications Reagent used in the preparation of Cephalosporin antibiotics.<br>References Choi, K., et al.: J. Antibiotics, 50, 279 (1997), Bharathi, C., et al.: J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal., 43, 733 (2007),<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Clindamycin (C580000) impurity in bulk drug.<br>References Zhou, H., et al.: J. Pharma. Biomed. Anal., 41, 1116 (2006),<br></p>

<p>Applications Ixabepilone is an anti-tumor agent used in the treatment of patients suffering from solid tumors, such as metastatic breast cancer.<br>References Duska, L. et al.: Gynecol. Oncol., 135, 44 (2014); Deeken, J. et al.: Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol., 73, 1071 (2014);<br></p>

<p>Impurity Cefixime EP Impurity F<br>Applications Cefixime Ethyl Ester is an ester impurity of the third generation cephalosporin antibiotic, Cefixime (C242800).<br>References Bian, L. et al.: Yao. Fen. Zaz., 30, 872 (2010);<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Rifabutin Impurity C is an impurity of Rifabutin (R505000), a semisynthetic derivative of Rifamycin S that inhibits nucleic acid synthesis.<br>References O’Brien, R.J., et al.: Infect. Dis., 9, 519 (1987), Anand, R., et al.: Antimicrob. AG. Chemother., 32 (684 (1988), Skinner, M.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agent Chemother., 33, 1237 (1989),<br></p>

<p>Applications 3,6-Methylene-2,5-piperazinedione is an impurity of Cycloserine (C988800), an antibacterial agent.<br>References Ajo, D., et al.: J. Molec. Structure.,141, 415 (1986); Gentry-Weeks, C., et al.: J. Biol. Chem., 268, 7298 (1993); Alexander, F., et al.: Eur. J. Biochem., 219, 953 (1994); Auger, S., et al.: Biochimie, 87, 231 (2005)<br></p>

<p>Applications A labelled impurity of Gatifloxacin.<br>References Naber, C., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 45, 293 (2001), Herzler, M., et al.: J. Anal. Toxicol., 27, 233(2003), Pragst, F., et al.: Clin. Chem. Lab. Med., 42, 1325 (2004),<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected Penicillamin.<br>References Klingstroem, J., et al.: Eur. J. Immunol., 36, 2649 (2006), Atyabi, F., et al.: J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol., 9, 4593 (2009), Yip, K., et al.: Brit. J. Pharmacol., 156, 1279 (2009),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Clarithromycin EP Impurity L<br>Applications Clarithromycin (9Z)-Oxime (Clarithromycin EP Impurity L) is an impurity of Clarithromycin (C559750); a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic and derivative of Erythromycin (E650000).<br>References Esteban, J., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 45, 5563 (2004); Morgan, D., et al.: J. Chromatogr., 502, 351 (1990); Benson, C., et al.: Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol., 6, 173 (1987); Boyanova, L., et al.: J. Med. Microb., 61, 85 (2012); Lin, Z., et al.: Toxicol. Sci., 126, 114 (2012)<br></p>

<p>Applications Linezolid Dimer is an impurity of the antibacterial agent Linezolid (L466500).<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic, Temperature Sensitive, Very Unstable<br>Applications Thienamycin is one of the most potent naturally produced antibiotics known thus far. It has excellent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and is resistant to bacterial β-lactamase enzymes.<br>References Kahan, J., et al.: J. Antibiot., 32, 1 (1979); Bradley, J., et al.: Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents, 11, 93 (1999); Spratt, B., et al.: Antimcrob. Agents Chemother., 12, 406 (1977);<br></p>

<p>Applications An antibiotic derived from Tetracycline. Studies have shown that this derivative can have a 250-fold higher toxicity depending on the system under study. This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br>References Simmons, D., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 55, 1313 (1966), Paemen, L., et al.: Biochem. Pharmacol., 52, 105 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications cis-1-Hydroxy-2,7-diamino Mitosene is derived from Mitomycin C (M371900), which is an antitumor antibiotic. It is antineoplastic. Also, it is an oxazolidinone derivative resulting from a cyclization reaction of bicarbonate with the aziridine ring of aziridinomitosene.<br>References Kinoshita, S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 14, 13 (1971); Beijnen, J.H., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 16, 361 (1986); Paz, M. M.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 20, 31-34 (2010)<br></p>

<p>Applications Found in the metabolic decomposition of Chloramphenicol by Alcaligenes faecalis. A Chloramphenicol (C325030) derivative.<br>References Obojska, K. et al.: Microbiologia Generalis 3, 63 (1971)<br></p>

<p>Applications Di-TFA Salt of 2,6-Diamino-2,3,6-trideoxy-D-ribo-Hexose is a degradent of Tobramycin (T524000) a single factor antibiotic comprising about 10% of nebramycin, the aminoglycosidic antibiotic complex produced by Streptomyces tenebrarius. Antibacterial.<br>References Koch, K.F., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 309 (1970), Welles, J.S., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 22, 332 (1972), Dash, A.K., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 24, 579 (1996),<br></p>

<p>Applications 4-(2-Fluoro-4-nitrophenyl)morpholine is a reactant in the synthesis of 5-​substituted oxazolidinone derivatives with high antimicrobial activity.<br>References De Rosa, M., et. al.: Eur. J. Med. Chem., 69, 779 (2013)<br></p>

<p>Applications Bis-clindamycinyl Phosphate is an impurity of Clindamycin (C580000), which is an antibiotic prepared from Lincomycin (L466200), used to treat various infections.<br>References Birkenmeyer, R.D., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 13, 616 (1970); Oesterling, et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 63 (1970); Gray, J.E., et al.: Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 21, 516 (1972); Brown, L.W., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs., 10, 75 (1981);<br></p>

<p>Applications Produced concentration-related relaxations of mouse anococcygeus, in a range similar to that already found for NO and other nitrovasodilators. A potent relaxant of non-vascular smooth muscle. Serves as an NO donor.<br>References Bauer &amp; Fung: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 256, 249 (1991), Gibson, A., et al.: Brit. J. Pharm., 107, 715 (1992), Shaffer, et al.: J. Pharm. Exper. Ther., 260, 286 (1992), Jansen, A., et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 261, 154 (1992), Lander, H.M. et al.: J. Immunol., 150, 1509 (1993)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Linezolid USP Related Compound B<br>Applications Deacetyl Linezolid Thioacetamide is an impurity of Linezolid (L466500), an oxazolidinone antimicrobial which inhibits bacterial mRNA translation. Linezolid USP Related Compound B.<br>References Brickner, S.J., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 39, 673 (1996); Ford, C.W., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 40, 1508 (1996); Rybak, M.J., et al.: Pharmacotherapy, 18, 456 (1998); Stevens, D.L., et al.: Clin. Infect. Dis., 34, 1481 (2002);<br></p>

<p>Applications The epothilones are a novel class of antineoplastic agents possessing antitubulin activity. Epothilone A, B isolated from Sorangium cellulosum was associated with cell cycle arrest at G2/M transition and apoptosis that was resisted with overexpression of β-tubulin and P-glycoprotein in human bladder carcinoma cell.<br>References Bollag, D.M., et al.: Cancer. Res., 55, 2325 (1995), Hardt, I.H., et al.: J. Nat. Prod., 64, 847 (2001), Gerth, K., et al.: J. Antibiot., 55, 41, 45 (2002)<br></p>

<p>Applications Protected form of FK-506 (Tacrolimus)<br>References Rokaw, M.D., et al.: Am. J. Physiol., 271, C194 (1996), Knoll, G.A., et al.: Brit. Med. J., 318, 1104 (1999),<br></p>

<p>Applications Intermediate in the production of labelled Posaconazole.<br></p>

<p>Impurity Amoxicillin EP Impurity B ; Amoxicillin USP Related Compound B<br>Applications L-Amoxicillin (Amoxicillin EP Impurity B) is an isomer of Amoxicillin (A634235), a semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin.<br>References Brogden, R.N., et al.: Drugs, 18, 169 (1979), Bird, A.E., et al.: Anal. Profiles Drug Subs. Excip., 23, 1 (1994),<br></p>

<p>Applications 5-Bromo-2-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)pyridine is an intermediate in the synthesis of Tedizolid (T013750), an known oral and intravenous antibiotic.<br>References Xin, Q. S., et al.: J. Med. Chem., 54, 7493 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Stability Hygroscopic<br>Applications Kanamycin (K137500) derivative as synthetic byproduct of Amikacin (A578500).<br>References Kawaguchi, H., et al.: J. Antibiotics, 25, 695 (1972), Naito, T., et al.: J. Antibiotics, 26, 297 (1973),<br></p>

<p>Impurity Posaconazole Impurity;<br>Applications 2,5-Anhydro-1,3,4-trideoxy-2-C-(2,4-difluorophenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-D-threo-pentitol is building block to synthesize key intermediates towards synthesis of highly active azole antifungals Sch 51048, Sch 56592 and Sch 45012. It is also an impurity/intermediate for posaconazole (P689600).<br>References Saksena, A., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 37, 5657 (1996); Lovey, R., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 35, 6047 (1994); Saksena, A., et al.: Tetrahedron Lett., 36, 1787 (1995)<br></p>

<p>Stability Light Sensitive<br>Applications Di-2-(Hydroxyphenyl)acetamido Cefprozil is an impurity in the synthesis of Cefprozil (C243910), semisynthetic oral cephalosporin consisting of approx. 90:10 Z/E isomeric mixture. Antibacterial.<br>References Jones, R.N., et al.: Diagn. Microb. Infect. Dis., 9, 11 (1988), Barbhaiya, R.H., et al.: Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 34, 1204 (1990)<br></p>

<p>Impurity Flucloxacillin EP Impurity D<br>Applications 3-(2-Chloro-6-fluorophenyl)-5-methylisoxazole-4-carboxylic Acid (Flucloxacillin EP Impurity D) is an impurity of Flucloxacillin (F419200), a new semisynthetic penicillin with broad spectrum of antibacterial activity.<br>References Macsari, I., et al.: Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett., 21, 3871 (2011); Cui, Y., et al.: Curr. Sci., 89, 531 (2005);<br></p>

<p>Applications Lovastatin-d9, is the labeled analogue of Lovastatin (L472225), an antihypercholesterolemic agent. A fungal metabolite, which is a potent inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase.<br>References Bilheimer, D.W., et al.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 80, 4124 (1983),<br></p>

<p>N-[(2R)-3-{[3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]amino}-2-hydroxypropyl]acetamide is an impurity in a high purity analytical reference standard of 3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)aniline. It is also a metabolite that may be present in drug products containing 3-fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)aniline as the active ingredient, such as fluoroquinolones. N-[(2R)-3-{[3-Fluoro-4-(4-morpholinyl)phenyl]amino}-2-hydroxypropyl]acetamide has been shown to inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, which are enzymes that maintain the integrity of bacterial DNA. It binds to bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA and inhibits protein synthesis, leading to cell death by inhib</p>

<p>Azithromycin impurity J, also known as Azithromycin P-Toluenesulfonate, is an impurity of the drug azithromycin. It is an antibiotic that has been shown to be effective in the treatment of protozoal infections, cancer and parasites. Azithromycin impurity J has been shown to bind to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, which are necessary for bacterial replication. Azithromycin impurity J is a protozoan inhibitor that acts by blocking the synthesis of RNA and DNA. This impurity binds to DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes, which are necessary for bacterial replication. Azithromycin impurity J is a protozoan inhibitor that acts by blocking the synthesis of RNA and DNA.</p>

<p>Roxithromycin impurity I is a natural metabolite of roxithromycin. The substance has been synthesized in order to serve as an analytical impurity standard for HPLC. Roxithromycin impurity 1 is also a metabolite of roxithromycin, which has been shown to produce pharmacological effects similar to those seen with the parent compound. Roxithromycin impurity I is not an API, but has been developed as a HPLC analytical impurity standard and will be used for metabolism studies.</p>

<p>Delta 2 Cefdinir is a cephalosporin antibiotic used for the treatment of respiratory tract infections and skin infections. The drug product is an analytical standard that has been custom synthesized for metabolism studies. It is also used as an impurity standard for synthesis in research and development, as well as for HPLC analysis. Delta 2 Cefdinir is a high-purity, pharmacopoeia grade API with a purity of &gt;98% and contains no detectable levels of natural impurities.</p>

<p>Erythromycin impurity K is a synthetic impurity of erythromycin, which is an antibiotic drug product. It is typically found in pharmaceutical products that are made from natural sources and is used as a research and development (R&amp;D) standard for the pharmacopoeia. Erythromycin impurity K can be purified by HPLC or other means to create high purity standards for analytical purposes. The chemical name of this compound is 3-[[[3-(2-Amino-4-thiazolyl)-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl]amino]methyl]-1H-indole.</p>

<p>Cefixime EP impurity B acetic acid is a research and development product. It is an impurity of cefixime EP that has been synthesized for use as an impurity standard. This compound is a metabolite of the drug cefixime EP. Cefixime EP impurity B acetic acid can be used to determine drug metabolism by studying the formation, detection and identification of metabolites in biological samples. It also can be used to develop analytical methods for the determination of metabolites in biological samples.<br>Cefixime EP impurity B acetic acid is a synthetic compound that is highly pure with a pharmacopoeia grade purity level. This product is suitable for use in drug product, custom synthesis, and HPLC standard applications.</p>

<p>N-Desmethyl azithromycin B is a metabolite of the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin. It is an impurity in the drug product, and is present as an analytical standard for HPLC. N-Desmethyl azithromycin B can be found in the urine of patients taking azithromycin, but at much lower concentrations than the parent drug. This impurity is not toxicologically relevant, but may interfere with some analytical methods.</p>

<p>Metabolite of mupirocin</p>

<p>Azithromycin N-ethyl is a drug development and analytical impurity standard. It is used as an analytical reference material for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). Azithromycin N-ethyl has been shown to be a metabolite of azithromycin, which is a niche antibiotic with broad activity against Gram-positive bacteria. This product can also be synthesized from erythromycins using methylation. CAS Number: 92594-45-1</p>

<p>(trans)-4-Propyl-1-methyl-L-proline is a synthetic compound that has been used in the past as an impurity standard in the synthesis of several drugs, including metaxalone and aminopyrine. It is also found to have pharmacological effects on its own and was used as a drug product for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. (trans)-4-Propyl-1-methyl-L-proline is not listed in any pharmacopoeia or international list of approved drugs.</p>

<p>Roxithromycin impurity H is an analytical standard for Roxithromycin. It is a metabolite that has been identified in human urine and bile samples as well as in rat plasma following oral administration of Roxithromycin. It is also a byproduct of the synthesis of Roxithromycin, which can be eliminated through purification steps. This compound has not yet been evaluated in humans or animals, but it may cause adverse effects such as gastrointestinal disturbances, headache, or hepatotoxicity.</p>

<p>4-[2-[[(6R,7R)-7-Amino-2-carboxy-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-en-3-yl]thio]-4-thiazolyl]-1-methylpyridinium Chloride Monohydrochloride is a drug product under development for the treatment of bacterial infections. 4-[2-[(6R,7R)-7Amino--2carboxy8oxo5thia1azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct2en3yl]thio]-4thiazolyl]-1methylpyridinium Chloride Monohydrochloride is an impurity in the API Methicillin (CAS No. 40082764). Impurities are not necessarily undesirable and may have substantial therapeutic value or provide a desired</p>

<p>Clarithromycin (9E)-O-Methyloxime is an analytical standard for Clarithromycin. It is a metabolite of Clarithromycin and has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 3A4 in human liver microsomes. Clarithromycin (9E)-O-Methyloxime is also an impurity in the drug product, which is used to treat bacterial infections.</p>

<p>Pseudomonic acid D sodium is a drug product that is used for the development of novel drugs. It is a natural metabolite of pseudomonic acid A, which is found in the fungus Pseudomonas sp. Pseudomonic acid D sodium is used as an analytical standard to aid in the identification of pseudomonic acid A and its metabolites. Pseudomonic acid D sodium can be synthesized by reacting 2-chloro-4-nitrobenzene with sodium bisulfate. The synthesis proceeds through a sequence of three reactions, namely nucleophilic substitution, electrophilic substitution, and hydrolysis. The structure of pseudomonic acid D sodium has been confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS).</p>

<p>NMP-ACA is a metabolite of cefepime. It is a synthetic, impurity standard for use in HPLC. It has an analytical purity of &gt;98%. The metabolites of NMP-ACA are not known at this time.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 5-Deoxy-Δ5,6-8-epi-tacrolimus including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>

<p>Roxithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria. It binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, thereby inhibiting bacterial growth. Roxithromycin has been used to diagnose intestinal and esophageal diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cancer. There are some cardiac effects associated with Roxithromycin that may be related to its ability to inhibit serotonin reuptake. This drug also has anti-inflammatory properties and has been shown to be effective against influenza virus infections as well as other infectious diseases such as tuberculosis and HIV/AIDS.</p>

<p>Lincomycin B is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of antimicrobial agents. It is used in the treatment of viral infections and has been shown to have an effect against HIV-1, herpes simplex virus, and influenza A virus. Lincomycin B inhibits protein synthesis by binding to the ribosomes in bacteria and inhibiting peptide elongation. The optimum concentration for this compound is 0.2 mM with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 1 mM. Lincomycin B can be synthesized by reacting sodium hydroxide solution with hydrochloric acid or hydroxide solution at a temperature range from 30 °C to 70 °C.</p>

<p>(5E)-2,2-Dimethyl-7-[methyl(1-naphthalenylmethyl)amino]-5-hepten-3-ynoic acid is a drug product that has been custom synthesized. It is available in high purity (&gt;98%) and with analytical data. This chemical is metabolized through a number of metabolic transformations, including hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases, oxidation by cytochrome P450 enzymes, reduction by glutathione reductase, or conjugation with glucuronic acid. (5E)-2,2-Dimethyl-7-[methyl(1-naphthalenylmethyl)amino]-5-hepten-3-ynoic acid has been shown to have pharmacological activity on the central nervous system and may be used as an antidepressant drug candidate.</p>

<p>Please enquire for more information about 3-HABA kanamycin A sulfate including the price, delivery time and more detailed product information at the technical inquiry form on this page</p>