Ethers and Derivatives

<p>Applications Decabromodiphenyl ether is a brominated flame retardant that is used in conjunction with antimony trioxide in high impact polystyrene. DecaBDE is used as an additive flame retardant, and has a variety of applications including in plastics/polymers/composites, textiles, adhesives, sealants, coatings and inks. DecaBDE containing plastics are used in housings of computers and TVs, wires and cables, pipes and carpets. Adverse effects are reported for soil organisms, birds, fish, frog, rat, mice and humans. One of the new POPs under the Stockholm Convention<br>References Keum, Y.S., et al.: Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 2280 (2005); Egeback, A.L., et al.: Chemosphere., 86, 264 (2012);<br></p>

<p>Applications Brij L23 is a a pharmaceutical compound used in the schlerotherapy treatments, in those suffering from blood vessel malformations and mutations.<br>References Conrad, O. et al.: Dermatol. Surg. 21, 334 (1995); Willberg, L. et al.: Br. K. Sports. Med., 45, 411 (2011);<br></p>

<p>Applications Nonidet P 40 Aubstitute, a nonionic, non-denaturing detergent, with many applications, such as used in in paper industry, hand cleaners, metal cleaners. It can also be used used to solubilize cerebral GABA receptors, in solubilization of proteins and lipids of the scallop gill ciliary membrane, and of membranes from breast cancer tumors.This compound is a contaminant of emerging concern (CECs).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Shick, M., et al.: Non-ionic Surfactants, p.929 (1967); Stephens, R. E., J Cell Bio., 100, 1082 (1985);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,1-Dichloro-1-(difluoromethoxy)-2,2,2-trifluoroethane is a polyhalogenated methyl ethyl ether with anesthetic properties.<br>References Sewell, J., Sear, J.: Anesth. Analg., 102, 764 (2006); Trogdon, G., et al.: J. Mol. Model., 13, 313 (2007); Abraham, M., et al.: J. Pharm. Sci., 97, 2373 (2008);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,1,3,3,3-Pentafluoro-2-(fluoromethoxy)-1-propene is an impurity of Sevoflurane (H291050), and acts as an anaesthetic.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Tong, Z. et al.: Chem. Res. Toxicol., 15, 623 (2002); Iyer, R. et al.: J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther., 283, 1544 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Igepal is a nonionic surfactant.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Sedgqwick, M. et al.: Langmuir, 25, 5496 (2009);<br></p>

<p>Stability Volatile<br>Applications 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoro-2-propanol effects the native state of proteins, denaturing them as well as stabilizing the α-helical conformation of unfolded proteins and polypeptides.<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Hirota, N. et al.: Prot. Sci., 6, 416 (1997);<br></p>

<p>Applications Difluoromethyl 2,2,2-Trifluoroethyl Ether can be used as a secondary battery separator layer, electrode structure, and secondary battery.<br>References Kadota, A., et.al.,Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho, 19, (2020);<br></p>

<p>Applications Isoflurane is a halogenated ether used for inhalational anesthesia. Recent studies suggest that there might be a relationship between administration of isoflurane and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD).<br> Not a dangerous good if item is equal to or less than 1g/ml and there is less than 100g/ml in the package<br>References Lewis, M.C. et al.: Med. Hypoth., 68, 484 (2007); Mellon, R.D. et al.: Anesth. Analg., 104, 509 (2007);<br></p>

<p>Applications 1,2,3,4,5-Pentabromo-6-(2,3,4,5-tetrabromophenoxy)benzene is a polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) found as a contaminant in soil.<br>References ‘t Mannetje, A., et al.: Sci. Total. Environ., 458, 399 (2013); Lee, S., et al.: Sci. Total. Environ., 443, 24 (2013);<br></p>

<p>Applications 2,2',4,4',5,5'-Hexabromodiphenyl Ether is a polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) used as a flame retardant. One of the new POPs under the Stockholm Convention<br>References Rayne, S., et al.: Environ. Int., 32, 575 (2006); Jakobsson, K., et al.: Chemosphere, 46, 709 (2002)<br></p>