Source botanique

Apigenin, a naturally occurring plant flavone (4', 5, 7,-trihydroxyflavone) abundantly present in common fruits and vegetables including parsley, onions, oranges, tea, chamomile, wheat sprouts and some seasonings, has been shown to possess remarkable anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-carcinogenic properties.

Benzoylaconine and aconitine can induce reproductive toxicity in BeWo Cell, the amino acid metabolism was the main metabolic pathway and responsible for the placental and fetal toxicity of them.

Aloeemodin is able to interact with DNA under certain in vitro conditions, however, in vivo it is negative did not indicate a genotoxic potential, thus, it may be assumed that a genotoxic risk for man might be unlikely.

Puerarin is the most abundant of flavonoid derivatives in the root of Pueraria lobata (Willd) Ohwi, has antioxidant activity and can impair CYP-catalysed drug metabolism.

Ziyuglycoside I, isolated from S. officinalis root extract, has anti-wrinkle activity, could be used as an active ingredient for cosmetics.

Cafestol has anticarcinogenic, peripheral antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities, it inhibits Cyclic-Strain-induced interleukin-8, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production in vascular endothelial cells. Cafestol is a novel extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor with AP-1-targeted inhibition of prostaglandin E2 production in lipopolysaccharide-activated macrophages. Cafestol acts as an agonist ligand for both FXR and PXR, and this may contribute to its impact on cholesterol homeostasis. Cafestol has protective effects against the CCl(4)-induced hepatotoxicity, which possibly involve mechanisms related to its ability to block the CYP2E1-mediated CCl(4) bioactivation and free radical scavenging effects. Cafestol has antidiabetic activity, it increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in vitro and increases glucose uptake in human skeletal muscle cells. Cafestol also has a weak inhibitory effect on osteoclastogenesis and promotes osteoblast differentiation.

Ziyuglycoside II has a wide range of clinical applications including hemostasis, antibiosis, anti-inflammation and anti-oxidation. Ziyuglycoside II has inhibitory effect on the growth of MDA-MB-435 cells, it induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through activation of ROS/JNK pathway in human breast cancer cells.Ziyuglycoside II methyl ester possess improved anti-diabetic properties, and has hepato-renal protective activities in type 2 diabetes.

Amentoflavone, a biflavonoid with antiinflammatory activity, inhibits NF-κB/DNA binding activity potently along with inhibition of degradation of IκBα and NF-κB translocation into nucleus in TNFα-activated A549 cells.