Monosaccharides

<p>2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-L-xylofuranose is a sugar molecule that has been modified to inhibit glycosidases. 2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl-L-xylofuranose is an iminosugar that inhibits the enzyme β-glucosidase and α-galactosidase. The compound is not metabolized and it binds to the enzyme's active site. 2,3,5-Tri-O-benzyl L xylofuranose has been shown to be effective at inhibiting all of the glycosidases tested in this study with inhibition potencies ranging from 0.1 mM to 10 mM. This compound also inhibits epoxides and cyclic enzymes such as azido reductase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase.</p>

<p>D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate sodium salt is a diacylglycerol that is involved in intracellular signaling. It is synthesized by the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate and dephosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate sodium salt has been shown to be a potent agonist at the ryanodine receptor and can protect against neuronal death induced by glutamate or NMDA. It also has been shown to have beneficial effects on bowel disease and cytosolic Ca2+ levels.</p>

<p>ADP-D-glucose disodium salt is a synthetic saccharide with the chemical formula C6H14N2O8. It is used as a building block for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates, such as polysaccharides and oligosaccharides. ADP-D-glucose disodium salt can be modified to create methylated, glycosylated, and fluorinated derivatives. These modifications allow ADP-D-glucose disodium salt to be used in Click chemistry and other advanced applications.br&gt;br&gt;ADP-D-glucose disodium salt is also known by its CAS number 102129-65-7.br&gt;br&gt; br&gt;br&gt;</p>

<p>Cotinine-N-b-glucuronide-D3 is a modification of the natural product cotinine, which is a methylated form of nicotine and can be synthesized from the plant Nicotiana tabacum. Cotinine-N-b-glucuronide-D3 is a complex carbohydrate that has been custom synthesized for the purpose of modifying an oligosaccharide. This modification will allow for the synthesis of high purity monosaccharides. Cotinine has been shown to have antiinflammatory properties, which may be due to its inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.</p>

<p>Methyl (phenyl 2,3-di-O-benzyl-1-thio-b-D-glucopyranoside)uronate is a synthetic glycosylation product. It is the methyl ester of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzylated glucuronic acid. This product can be used for the modification of polysaccharides and saccharides with click chemistry. The synthesis of this compound can be customized to meet your needs.</p>

<p>Gadolinium is a magnetic, paramagnetic metal that is used to enhance the contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has been shown to be effective in ectopic expression of gene products. Gadolinium-enhanced MRI has been shown to be a more sensitive method for detection of pancreatic cancer cells than CT scans. Gadolinium also binds to monoclonal antibodies and can be detected using immunohistochemical staining. Gadolinium is a prohormone that is converted into its active form by cleavage of the glycosidic bond between carbons 2 and 3 in the 6-phosphate position. The gadolinium ion is chemically neutral, which may account for its lack of toxicity in vivo.</p>

<p>Glucose (Glu) is the most common carbohydrate on the planet, found in all living organisms and is the major source of metabolic energy for plants and animals. Glucose is a building block in numerous oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is present in blood and milk, in gangliosides and in N- and O-linked glycans (Collins, 2006). Glucose is wrongly called a simple sugar because in solution it exists in five forms: two six membered rings (α/β), two five membered rings (α/β) and a straight chain form, a system known as mutarotation (Robyt, 2012). The proportions of different glucose forms are dictated by temperature and pH. D-Glucose is optically active (dextrorotary) and L-Glucose is its enantiomer (Levorotary). Its hydroxyl groups are all equatorial, providing maximum stability, according to Hudsons rules (Hudson, 1948).</p>

<p>3-Deoxy-D-fructose is a neutral sugar that is found in the human liver and has been shown to be metabolized by cells in the target tissue. 3-Deoxy-D-fructose is used as a marker for diabetic patients, as it is present in high quantities in their blood plasma. 3-Deoxy-D-fructose can be detected with liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC/MS) methods. It has been shown to induce necrotic cell death, which may be due to its ability to produce reactive oxygen species. 3-Deoxy-D-fructose also inhibits protein synthesis by inhibiting the activity of polymerase chain reaction and hydroxylation reactions.</p>

<p>Inhibitor of alpha-glucosidase</p>

<p>Substrate of phosphofructokinase; pentose phosphate pathway intermediate</p>

<p>D-Allose pentaacetate is a modified oligosaccharide that can be used as a synthetic intermediate in the production of complex carbohydrates. It has been shown to have high purity and is easily synthesized in a laboratory setting. D-Allose pentaacetate is a monosaccharide with five acetate groups that can be methylated or glycosylated, which makes it an ideal candidate for modification. D-Allose pentaacetate has CAS No. 144071-49-8 and can be found on PubChem CID: 1215965.</p>

<p>3,4-Di-O-acetyl-D-xylal is a sterically hindered substrate analogue of the natural L-xylal. It can be used to synthesize stereoselective reaction products with carbohydrate derivatives, such as vitamin B12 and magnesium. 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-D-xylal has been shown to react with azides and hydroxymethyl groups to produce formyl and formate groups. The nmr spectra of this compound show strong signals for the acetoxy group at 2.2 ppm and the hydroxymethyl group at 2.6 ppm. Treatment of 3,4-Di-O-acetyl-D-xylal with borohydride yields chloride and acid catalyst, respectively.</p>

<p>6-Azido-6-deoxy-L-galactose is an analog of the natural L-galactose. It has been shown to inhibit the growth and survival of a number of human pathogens, including those that cause tuberculosis, staphylococcal infections, and meningitis. 6-Azido-6-deoxygalactose is reactive with cellular structures and glycoconjugates, which may have contributed to its antimicrobial activity in tissue culture. 6A6DG blocks fatty acid synthesis by inhibiting enzymes called acyltransferases. It also inhibits glycolysis by interfering with the conversion of glucose into glycogen through inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), which leads to decreased levels of ATP in cells. This compound also inhibits glutaminase activity in the brain, leading to impaired neurotransmitter release and subsequent neuronal cell death.</p>

<p>5-Deoxy-iso-DMDP HCl is a custom synthesis sugar that can be modified with Click chemistry. It is fluorinated, glycosylated, and methylated. The CAS number for 5-Deoxy-iso-DMDP HCl is 97790-10-2. This oligosaccharide has a molecular weight of about 607.5 Daltons and contains monosaccharides and saccharides. The carbohydrate complex has a molecular weight of about 1201 Daltons and includes complex carbohydrates such as polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycogen, and polysaccharolytic enzymes.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-a-L-rhamnopyranoside is a custom synthesis that was developed to meet the specifications of our customer. It is a high purity, custom synthesis that has undergone click modification and glycosylation. This product is a monosaccharide with an Oligosaccharide modification.</p>

<p>Custom synthesis of D-glucuronic acid, sodium salt monohydrate.</p>

<p>Indole-3-acetyl b-D-glucopyranose is a synthetic substrate that is used in the enzyme catalysis of indole glucosyl transferase. This enzyme catalyzes the reaction between indole and D-glucose to form an acetylated glucose. The gene product for this enzyme has a low expression in tissues, but high expression in plants. The gene product for this enzyme has been shown to be involved in plant physiology, where it may play a role in population growth.</p>

<p>Competitive inhibitor of glucosylceramidase (GlcCer), which catalyses the first step in glycosphingolipid (GSL) synthesis. This compound is a promising candidate for substrate reduction therapy in Sandhoff disease, where it decreases the rate of GSL biosynthesis and counterbalances the impaired rate of ganglioside catabolism.</p>

<p>Neocarrabiose-4-O-sulfate sodium is a methylated, saccharide polymer. It is a modification of the natural product neocarrabiose A (CAS No. 108321-76-2) and has been synthesized by Click chemistry. Neocarrabiose-4-O-sulfate sodium is a high purity, synthetic carbohydrate with a complex structure that consists of glucose and galactose units linked by β-(1→3) and β-(1→6) bonds. The glycosylation pattern of this compound is different from that of neocarrabiose A because it contains additional modifications at the terminal positions on the sugar rings. Neocarrabiose-4-O-sulfate sodium is used for glycosylation reactions, such as Click chemistry and oligosaccharide synthesis.</p>

<p>D-Galactose-1-phosphate disodium is an organic compound that is used as a methylation and glycosylation reagent. It can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, and other complex carbohydrates. D-Galactose-1-phosphate disodium is a fluorinated saccharide that can be custom synthesized to order. It is also available in high purity and has CAS No. 147072-63-7.</p>