Monosaccharides

3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-D-fructose is a monosaccharide that has been used as an inhibitor of glucose uptake and metabolism in the lymphocytic leukemia cell line. This compound has been shown to inhibit the glucose transporter GLUT1, which is responsible for the transport of glucose across the plasma membrane. 3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-D-fructose inhibits cancer cells by inhibiting galactitol production through inhibition of gluconeogenesis. It also inhibits oxidative phosphorylation in lymphocytic leukemia cells, leading to apoptosis. 3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-D-fructose has been shown to inhibit cancer growth by blocking glucose uptake in xenopus oocytes.

Psicose diacetonide is a synthetic, custom-synthesized carbohydrate. It is a complex carbohydrate that is made of saccharides and has been modified to have a fluorinated monosaccharide. Psicose diacetonide is an oligosaccharide with a high purity and has been methylated and glycosylated.

2,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-ribofuranose is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide. It has been modified with fluorination and methylation. This is a synthetic carbohydrate that belongs to the class of saccharides. It has been synthesized from a monosaccharide and has glycosylation. The chemical formula for 2,3,5-Tri-O-benzoyl-b-D-ribofuranose is C10H14O7.

UDP-β-D-glucose sodium is an oligosaccharide that can be used to synthesize glycoproteins and glycolipids. UDP-β-D-glucose sodium is a synthetic compound that contains one β-D-glucose moiety, which is attached to the molecule via a β-(1→4) linkage. This product can be custom synthesized and modified to suit customer needs. It has been shown to have high purity, chemical stability, and good solubility in water. The synthesis of UDP-β-D-glucose sodium has been modified by click chemistry to produce a variety of different products with new properties.

Palatinose monohydrate is a hydrogenated form of the natural disaccharide palatinose. It is often used as a solid catalyst in pharmaceutical preparations and has been shown to have a lower molecular weight than sucrose. Palatinose monohydrate may have beneficial effects on postprandial plasma glucose, protein data, and lipid metabolism. The hydrogenation process also produces fatty acids that are less reactive than those found in other sugars. Amine groups are also reduced in palatinose monohydrate, which may improve its taste. Palatinose monohydrate is not toxic at high doses and has been shown to be safe for use in toxicity studies. Surface methodology has been used to characterize the surface properties of palatinose monohydrate crystals, which can be used as a model for other sugar crystals.

Nicotine-N-b-D-glucuronide hydrate is a metabolite of nicotine that is excreted in the urine as an organic anion. It has been shown to have anticancer activity against a variety of human cancer cell lines, including lung, stomach, colon, and prostate. Nicotine-N-b-D-glucuronide hydrate has also been shown to inhibit protein synthesis in vitro by interfering with the ability of cells to import amino acids such as tryptophan and phenylalanine. The same study also showed that this metabolite can cause symptoms similar to those caused by nicotine withdrawal.

N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-glucitol is a complex carbohydrate that is synthesized by the N-Boc protection group. It is an oligosaccharide with a molecular weight of about 190 daltons and it can be modified at the C1 position to produce various saccharides. N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-glucitol has been shown to be effective as a glycosylation agent for protein modification and for its ability to form stable complexes with other complex carbohydrates. This compound has also been used in the synthesis of polysaccharides and as a fluorination reagent.

L-Sorbosone is an antioxidant that can be used as a food additive or dietary supplement. It has been shown to have antioxidative properties and has the ability to inhibit oxidation reactions. The optimum concentration of L-sorbosone is 0.1 milligrams per liter and it is effective at inhibiting chemical reactions in a wide range of pH levels, from 2 to 8. L-Sorbosone belongs to the genus sorbose, which is a sugar alcohol that does not contain an aldehyde group. It also converts sorbose into dehydroascorbic acid and inhibits the enzyme activities of two important enzymes involved in cell culture, namely glutathione reductase and cytochrome p450, which are necessary for maintaining cellular redox balance.

4-Aminophlorizin is a chemical compound that inhibits the uptake of azide by red blood cells. It has been shown to be effective against intestinal parasites and trophozoites. 4-Aminophlorizin is a potent inhibitor of the membrane system, which may be due to its interaction with the semenza, or membrane protein.

Pantothenic acid 2,4-di-O-b-D-galactopyranoside is a custom synthesis of Methylated Pantothenic Acid 2,4-Di-O-b-D-Galactopyranoside. The compound is an oligosaccharide composed of two glucose molecules and one galactose molecule. It contains a fluorine atom at the 4th position of the sugar chain. This modification was made to increase the solubility in water. Pantothenic acid 2,4-di-O-b-D-galactopyranoside can be used in industry as a food additive or pharmaceutical intermediate.

3,2',3',4'-Tetra-O-acetyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-lactal is a glycosylation agent that can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It can be fluorinated to create a reactive site for methylation and click modification. 3,2',3',4'-Tetra-O-acetyl-6,6'-di-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-lactal is an acetylated lactal with a silyl ether protecting group. This product has been custom synthesized and is available in high purity.

1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-N-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-b-D-glucosamine is a high purity custom synthesis sugar that has been fluorinated and glycosylated. It is synthesized from the methylation of 4-(1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl)-N-(4-hydroxybenzylidene)-b-D-glucosamine and can be used for the modification of saccharides or oligosaccharides. This compound has CAS No. 7597-81-1 and is known as a carbohydrate.

1,2,3,5-Tetra-o-acetyl-D-xylofuranose is a fatty acid that is found in human red blood cells. It is used as a biochemical marker to diagnose the activity index of fatty acids in the red cell membrane. The activity index can be used to determine whether an individual has metabolic disorders such as hepatic steatosis or lc-ms/ms method. 1,2,3,5-Tetra-o-acetyl-D-xylofuranose also has antimicrobial effects against bacteria and fungi and can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases.

4,6-O-Benzylidene-a-D-galactopyranoside is an artificial sweetener that has a high purity and can be custom synthesized. This compound is also known as an oligosaccharide or complex carbohydrate. It is a member of the saccharide family, which includes monosaccharides and disaccharides. 4,6-O-Benzylidene-a-D-galactopyranoside is a sugar that has been modified by glycosylation and methylation. This product has CAS No. 57783-86-5 and can be found in the Glycosides section of the Chemical Directory.

Methylation is a chemical reaction that transfers a methyl group to an organic molecule. It is one of the most common modifications in organic chemistry and can be used to synthesize saccharides and oligosaccharides, as well as to modify polysaccharides. This compound is a glycosylated benzylidene-N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-glucitol, which has been modified by Click chemistry. It was synthesized from 4,6-O-benzylidene-N-Boc-1,5-imino-D-mannitol with a custom synthesis protocol. The final product has high purity and is available for purchase at CAS No. 133697-16-2.

2-Amino-2,3,5-trideoxy-3-methyl-L-arabinonic acid-gamma-lactone hydrochloride is a lipid biosynthesis inhibitor that blocks the first step of this pathway by inhibiting the enzyme d-arabinose 4,5-diphosphate aldolase. This compound inhibits bacterial growth and leads to cell lysis. It has been shown to be active against cryptococcus neoformans and Candida neopformans. 2AADL has also been shown to inhibit the production of cell wall polysaccharides in C. neoformans and other fungi. 2AADL is thought to bind to the cell membrane through its alcohol group, which may lead to changes in the redox potential of the cells.

6-O-Trityl-D-glucose is a sugar derivative that is synthesized by reacting 6,6'-dichloro-1,1'-binaphthyl with D-glucose. It has been used as a model for the stereospecific hydrolysis of polystyrene catalyzed by lipase. The reactive carbonyl group in the molecule allows for substitution reactions to occur at the hydroxyl groups and yields are dependent on the substituent effects.

(2R,3R,4S,5R,6S)-3,4,5-Trihydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-7,9-diaza-1-oxa-spiro[4,5]decane-10-one-8-thione is a custom synthesis of a polysaccharide. It has been modified to include fluorination and methylation. The monosaccharides present are glucose and galactose. This polysaccharide also has a saccharide linkage to an oligosaccharide that contains glycosylation sites for sugar groups.

3-O-Triisopropylsilyl-D-galactal is a carbohydrate that belongs to the group of sugars. It is an oligosaccharide with a complex structure, which is synthesized from D-galactal by treatment with triisopropylsilyl chloride in pyridine. 3-O-Triisopropylsilyl-D-galactal is used as a reagent for the methylation and glycosylation of proteins and nucleic acids. This compound has been shown to inhibit the enzyme carboxypeptidase A, which may be due to its ability to act as an inhibitor of carbohydrate binding. 3-O-Triisopropylsilyl-D-galactal has also been shown to bind specifically to erythrocyte membranes, suggesting that it could be used as a potential diagnostic marker for glycogen storage diseases.

2-Acetonyl-1,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a synthetic sugar that has been modified to contain an acetyl group at the C2 position. The synthesis of this compound is based on the modification of galactose with acetic anhydride. This product has been shown to be resistant to hydrolysis by esterases or glucuronidases and can also inhibit bacterial growth in culture. It is a monosaccharide with a CAS number of 85583-40-7. It is also used as a precursor for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates.

Glcnacβ(1-2)man-α-ethylazide is a modified oligosaccharide that has been synthesized from the sugar GlcNAcβ(1-2)mannose. It is a complex carbohydrate with a high purity, which can be used as a custom synthesis. The synthesis of this product involves fluorination and saccharide methylation. The CAS number for this product is 1858224-15-3.

4-O-Acetyl-3,6-di-O-benzyl-D-glucal is a custom synthesized compound with high purity. This product is a complex carbohydrate that can be used as a monosaccharide or sugar. It has been modified with fluorination and methylation to produce a compound that is resistant to degradation by enzymes and oxidation. The CAS number for this product is 165524-87-8.

1,4:3,6-Dianhydro-2-O-methyl-D-glucitol is a modified sugar that belongs to the group of carbohydrates. It is synthesized by the modification of 1,4:3,6-dianhydro-2,5-diO-methyl D glucitol with methyl iodide and sodium methoxide. The compound is used in pharmaceuticals as an excipient and in cosmetics as a moisturizer. It has been shown to be effective against influenza A virus.

2-Amino-2-deoxy-D-altrose (2AD) is a molecule with the chemical formula C6H14N2O4. It belongs to the class of compounds known as uronic acids. 2AD is an acetylated molecule that has been structurally studied by X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. The molecule contains a ring of six carbon atoms, two of which are epoxide groups. The nature of this compound is glycosidic, with focus on hexamethylphosphoramide and diamino oligosaccharides. 2AD has been shown to have anti-inflammatory activities in animals, but its exact mechanism of action remains unknown. This compound may act through a ring-opening reaction or by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.

Allyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound that belongs to the class of carbohydrates. It is used as a reagent in sugar chemistry and glycosylation reactions. Allyl 2-acetamido-4,6-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranoside is also used for the modification of polysaccharides and fluorination reactions. This product has been shown to be effective as a substrate for site specific methylation reactions. Allyl 2 acetamido 4,6 O benzylidene 2 deoxy b D glucopyranoside has been tested in vitro against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with promising results.

D-ribulose-5-phosphate sodium is a nucleotide sugar that is one of the ribonucleotides, which are fundamental components of RNA. D-ribulose 5-phosphate sodium has been shown to be an intermediate in the metabolism of ribulose and catalyzes the oxidation of d-arabinose. This enzyme also catalyses the synthesis of fatty acids and participates in reactions involving glycerolipids and phospholipids. The reaction mechanism involves a double displacement with simultaneous attack by a water molecule on C2' and C3'. When deuterium is present, it affects the rate of these reactions in a way that depends on the orientation of the substrate to the enzyme.

Ouabain is a potent inhibitor of the Na+/K+-ATPase pump in cardiac and skeletal muscles. It has been shown to inhibit signal pathways that are involved in the regulation of cellular membrane potentials, such as the michaelis–menten kinetics. Ouabain has also been found to be effective against syncytial virus infection. Ouabain inhibits viral replication by inhibiting cellular protein synthesis and reducing cell number due to its cytotoxic effects on myocardial cells. Ouabain has also been found to inhibit neuronal death induced by α1-adrenergic receptor agonists, such as p2y receptors.

Muraglitazar acyl-b-D-glucuronide is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination. The compound is synthesized from methylation, glycosylation, and carbamylation reactions with saccharides. The saccharide modification includes the attachment of various sugars such as glucose, galactose, and mannose. Muraglitazar acyl-b-D-glucuronide can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is also used for Click modification of sugar molecules.

SN-38 glucuronide is a metabolite of irinotecan that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by binding to the DNA polymerase, blocking the synthesis of DNA. SN-38 glucuronide has potent antitumor activity and high values for inhibiting tumor metastasis. It is mainly excreted in urine as a conjugate with glucuronic acid, which may be why urine samples are often used to measure its concentration. SN-38 glucuronide also interacts with other drugs, including chemical inhibitors and ATP-binding cassette transporters, which can affect its pharmacological properties.

4-Epi-daunosamine is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is used to treat infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria. It binds to the cell wall of these bacteria and inhibits the synthesis of new cell walls. This causes the cells to burst and die, which leads to bacterial death. 4-Epi-daunosamine has been shown to be effective against animal pathogens such as Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Clostridium perfringens. 4-Epi-daunosamine also has a low level of toxicity in humans, but can cause adverse effects such as nausea and vomiting if taken in large doses.

3,4,5,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-myo-inositol is a carbohydrate that can be used as a monosaccharide or an oligosaccharide. It is produced by the modification of inositol with acetate and fluoride. The compound has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as a drug target for treating inflammation. 3,4,5,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-D-myo-inositol is also methylated and glycosylated.

6-O-Benzyl-D-glucose is an aglycon of 6-O-benzylglycosides, which are synthesized from glucose by alkaline hydrolysis in the presence of silver oxide. The benzyl group can be removed by a variety of methods, including treatment with hydrogen chloride gas. 6-O-Benzyl-D-glucose has been used in research to demonstrate that carbohydrates have a common structural feature that can be identified by looking at their molecular structure. This molecule has also been used to study the synthesis and reactivity of benzyl groups.

5-Deoxy-L-lyxono-1,4-lactone is a crystalline solid that belongs to the class of hydroxamic acids. This compound has been shown to react with hydroxylamine in an aldonic reaction and to inhibit the enzyme xanthin oxidase. The monoclinic crystal structure of 5-Deoxy-L-lyxono-1,4-lactone was determined by XRD analysis. This compound is synthesized from glyoxylate and malonitrile in an efficient manner. It also inhibits glucose oxidation and can be used as an additive for food products.

Myo-inositol-d6 is a stable isotope of myo-inositol. It is used to monitor the biosynthesis of myo-inositol in yeast cells. Myo-inositol is a carbohydrate that has regulatory functions in yeast cells. Myo-inositol-d6 can be used as an extracellular bioassay for determining the uptake and intracellular distribution of myo-inositol in mammalian cells.

Mirabegron is a drug that is used to treat overactive bladder. Mirabegron N-glucuronide is the major metabolite of mirabegron, which has been shown to be excreted in urine. This metabolite can be detected using a validated assay and can be measured using a mass spectrometer. The concentration of mirabegron N-glucuronide in the blood sample was measured at various timepoints after administration of mirabegron. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in humans and human liver tissue, giving information on how long it takes for the drug to reach its maximum concentration in the body and how long it stays there before being eliminated.

3-Deoxy-3-fluoro-D-myo-inositol, also known as myo-inositol 3-O-(2'-deoxy) (dFMI), is a natural product found in the brain that has been shown to selectively inhibit the growth of trophozoites. It can bind to nonselective cations and block intracellular Ca2+ channels. This causes an increase in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration, which activates a cytosolic Ca2+ signal cascade. These effects show that dFMI is capable of inhibiting the growth of trophozoites by blocking the function of Ca2+ channels and increasing cytosolic Ca2+.

b-D-Thioglucose sodium salt hydrate is a complex carbohydrate that is used as an intermediate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. It is also used in the modification of saccharide chains, such as glycosylation, and for the preparation of fluorinated carbohydrates. b-D-Thioglucose sodium salt hydrate is high purity, with no detectable impurities or degradation products. It has been modified with fluorine to form a new chemical entity that has not been previously described in the literature.

6-O-Benzyl-1-(-)-carboxymenthyl-2,3;4,5-di-O-cyclohexylidene-D-myo-inositol is a novel glycosylation substrate for the synthesis of oligosaccharides. It is synthesized by fluorination and methylation of 1,2,3,4,5,-pentaacetoxycyclopentane. The fluorinated product can be further modified to produce various saccharides. This compound can be used as a custom synthesis in the synthesis of complex carbohydrates with high purity.

D-Glucose 6-phosphate, disodium salt is an antibiotic that is used to treat gram-negative bacterial infections. It binds to the bacterial ribosome and inhibits protein synthesis, which leads to cell death by inhibiting the production of proteins vital for cell division. This drug has been shown to be active against a wide range of bacteria, including resistant strains such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. D-Glucose 6-phosphate, disodium salt also has anti-inflammatory properties and can be used as an anti-bacterial agent in the treatment of typhoid fever.

Allyl 2-acetamido-4,6,-O-benzylidene-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a sugar that is used as a custom synthesis or modification. It is also called allyl 2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3,4,-thiadiazolidinium)acetamido 4,6,-O-(benzylidene)-2 deoxy erythro -a D glucopyranoside. Allyl 2 acetamido 4,6,-O -benzylidene -2 deoxy erythro -a D glucopyranoside is used in the glycosylation of proteins and oligosaccharides and in the synthesis of saccharides. This compound has been shown to be useful in identifying glycosaminoglycan chains in complex carbohydrates.

MW of BSA approx 65000

5-Fluorouracil N-b-D-glucuronide is the major metabolite of 5-fluorouracil. It is mainly excreted in urine and bile, and has a high blood level. The glucuronide conjugate of 5-fluorouracin is hydrolyzed by beta-glucuronidase to generate 5-fluorouridine, which can be reabsorbed into the cell to form cytotoxic 5-fluoro uridine triphosphate. This process inhibits protein synthesis, leading to cell death. The half life of 5FU glucuronide is short and it needs to be constantly replaced with new doses. It has also been shown that levels of 5FU glucuronide are higher in tissues than in plasma, which may explain its inhibitory effect on tumors.

Thiamine galactoside is a custom synthesis of a monosaccharide. It is modified with fluorination, methylation and saccharide. The resulting product has a molecular weight of 578.08 g/mol and the chemical formula C24H34N6O18S2.

Benzyl 5-amino-5-deoxy-2,3-O-isopropylidene-6-O-trityl-a-L-gulofuranoside is a custom synthesis of an Oligosaccharide. It is a complex carbohydrate that has been modified by methylation and glycosylation. The saccharide in this compound is a sugar and it has been fluorinated. This product is of high purity and has been synthesized using click chemistry.

1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-O-nonafluorobutane-sulfonyl-b-D-mannopyranose is a fluorinated saccharide that can be custom synthesized. It is a glycosylated carbohydrate with a 1,3,4,6 tetra acetyl substitution at the 2 position of the b D mannopyranose moiety. The chemical formula for this compound is C12H28O8FS2. It has been shown to have potential as an antihyperglycemic agent and has been found to be active in tumor models.