Monosaccharides

<p>Sorbitan monostearate is a lipid-soluble compound that is used as a surfactant and emulsifier in food products. It has been found to be nontoxic when administered at concentrations up to 5000 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days. Sorbitan monostearate has been shown to be nontoxic in vitro, but the long-term toxicity of this compound has not been established. Sorbitan monostearate also exhibits hydrogen bonding interactions with calcium pantothenate, sodium salts, and coumarin derivatives. The model system used was an artificial membrane composed of chitosan quaternary ammonium and monolaurate. This study found that sorbitan monostearate is able to permeabilize the membrane at an optimum concentration.</p>

<p>1,3:2,4-Bis(O-benzylidene)-D-sorbitol is a hydrogenated derivative of sorbitol. It is used in fatty acid devices and as a surfactant in hydrogenation reactions. 1,3:2,4-Bis(O-benzylidene)-D-sorbitol is an acidic compound that has a low molecular mass and is soluble in water. It reacts with magnesium oxide to form the corresponding magnesium salt. This derivative is also used in silicone residue removal and as an activated organic base.</p>

<p>1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-N-azidoacetylglucosamine (GlcNAz) is an azido-tagged analogue of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAC). It features azide functionality on the N-acyl side chain and is acetylated to aid in cell membrane permeation. Once in the cell, the acetylated compound is deprotected and takes part in the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway by action of GlcNAc kinase. The resulting modified proteins are detected by the addition of fluorescent tags under Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition conditions.</p>

<p>Ondansetron 8-D-glucuronide is a complex carbohydrate that belongs to the glycosylation category. It is a high purity custom synthesis of Ondansetron. This compound has been modified by fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. It has a molecular weight of 706.5 Da and chemical formula C29H44N2O12F2O6Glu8Na2. Ondansetron 8-D-glucuronide is used in research as an inhibitor for sugar metabolism, click modification, and oligosaccharide synthesis.</p>

<p>D-Galactosamine-2-N-sulphate sodium salt is a glycosylation agent that is used to modify saccharides. It has the ability to attach sugars to the chemical structure of other molecules and can be used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. D-Galactosamine-2-N-sulphate sodium salt can be fluorinated, methylated, and modified with click chemistry reactions. This product is CAS No. 188296-31-3 and has a monomer weight of 613.6 g/mol. This product is available for custom synthesis and has a purity of &gt;99% by HPLC analysis.</p>

<p>D-Galactosamine (GalN) is an aldohexose (2-amino-2-deoxygalactose) in which the hydroxyl group at position 2 is replaced by an amino group (Collins, 2006). Galactosamine (as the N-acetyl derivative) forms a key part of both N- and O-linked glycoproteins, glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans. Treatment of experimental animals with D-galactosamine / lipopolysaccharide causes lethal liver injury characterized by apoptosis of the hepatocyte and it is used as a laboratory model to study the effect of therapeutic agents (Hirono, 2001).</p>

<p>Chloramphenicol glucuronide is an active metabolite of chloramphenicol. It can be detected in human serum and urine, as well as rat liver microsomes. Chloramphenicol glucuronide binds to the cytosolic protein, cytochrome b5 reductase, which inhibits protein synthesis and cell growth. This compound has been shown to be effective for treating infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, pelvic inflammatory disease, and pneumonia. The chloramphenicol glucuronide group also includes a number of other metabolites that are formed from chloramphenicol by conjugation with glucuronic acid.</p>

<p>1,2-Di-O-acetyl-3,5-di-O-benzoyl-3-b-C-methyl-D-ribofuranose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is synthesized by the glycosylation of 2,6 anhydrofructose with benzaldehyde and acetone. It has a CAS number of 22672-43-1. This product can be used in the modification of polysaccharides or as a synthetic glycoside. It can also be used for click chemistry modification of sugars or as a high purity custom synthesis.</p>

<p>5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-One beta-Ribofuranoside is a subunit of the enzyme cytidine deaminase. It interacts with a substrate binding site, which is located at the active site of cytidine deaminase. This molecule has been shown to stabilize the enzyme and increase its rate of reaction with the substrate. 5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-One beta-Ribofuranoside can also bind with a water molecule, which may be important for enzymatic activity.<br>5-Fluoropyrimidin-2-One beta-Ribofuranoside is homologous to other molecules that are involved in DNA synthesis, such as adenosine monophosphate (AMP), ribose, and uracil.</p>

<p>3,4:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-glucitol is a chemical compound that belongs to the class of aldehydes. It has been shown to catalyze the reaction between alcohols and amides in the presence of an acid or base catalyst. The product of this reaction is an amide with an isopropylidene group on one side. 3,4:5,6-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-glucitol also has two chiral centers and can be used to synthesize stereoselective aldoses, such as D-(+)-gluconic acid and L-(+)-gluconolactone.</p>

<p>5-Deoxy-5-fluoro-D-galactose is an oligosaccharide that can be used as a custom synthesis. It is a modification of the natural monosaccharide D-galactose. 5-Deoxy-5-fluoro-D-galactose has the following chemical structure:</p>

<p>7-Deoxy-D-glycero-L-ido-heptitol is a synthetic carbohydrate that is a methylated, saccharide and polysaccharide. It is a custom synthesis and can be modified with Click chemistry. This product has CAS number 90319-73-6 and can be modified with fluorination. 7DGHLH is a high purity product that has been synthesized from carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas. It is an oligosaccharide that has been glycosylated and is available in the form of a powder or liquid.</p>

<p>3-O-Hydroxyethyl-D-glucose (3HEG) is a hexose sugar that can be synthesized from D-glucose and glycerol. It is an important precursor for the synthesis of polyethylene glycols for drug delivery and has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of glucose uptake in Xenopus oocytes. 3HEG is also a good carbon source for cell growth, but it can only be metabolised by cells with the appropriate enzymes. Glucofuranose, which is structurally similar to 3HEG, can inhibit uptake of glucose by binding to glucose transporters on the cell membrane surface. This inhibition may be due to the structural similarities between these two sugars. Mechanistic studies indicate that this inhibition may occur as a result of competitive inhibition or allosteric modulation, but further research is required to elucidate this mechanism.</p>

<p>4-Aminophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside is a natural product that has been found to be an antigen. The compound has been shown to have anticancer activity, which may be due to its ability to inhibit the growth of cells and induce apoptosis. 4-Aminophenyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside also possesses magnetic properties. The chemical structure of this compound is characterized by an acrylate group, which is a small organic molecule with two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. This compound is synthesized in a preparative manner using methoxy, ethyl bromoacetate, and mesitylene in the presence of irradiation. NMR spectroscopy can be used for the characterization of this compound as well as other compounds with similar structures that are catalytic in nature.</p>

<p>Phenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a white crystalline powder that belongs to the group of glycoconjugates. It has been made by the modification of glycosides and saccharides. This product can be used as a fluorination agent in organic synthesis, or as a click modification in carbohydrate chemistry. Phenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside can also be used for glycosylation reactions and methylation reactions.</p>

<p>2,3,4-Tri-O-acetyl-a-D-glucuronide methyl ester trichloroacetimidate (TOG) is a synthetic glycosylation reagent that has been used for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates. It is an O-glycosidase inhibitor and is used in the preparation of saccharides with a high degree of substitution. TOG can be used to modify saccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.</p>

<p>2,4,6-Tri-O-acetyl-3-O-benzyl-a-D-glucopyranosyl bromide is a custom synthesis made by Modification of the chemical structure of a natural sugar. It is Fluorinated, Methylated and Monosaccharide with Synthetic Click modification and Oligosaccharide. The CAS number for this compound is 34339-69-0. This compound has many uses including being a Carbohydrate that can be used as a Complex carbohydrate for various purposes.</p>

<p>Methyl 2,6-dideoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis of an oligosaccharide that is modified with fluorination. It is a saccharide, or carbohydrate, that has been methylated and glycosylated. The modification of this complex carbohydrate has been achieved through the use of the Click reaction. This product has been purified to high purity and is ready for use in research and development.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-benzyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl Fluoride (TBG) is a drug that has antibiotic properties. It inhibits bacterial growth by binding to the D-glucose residue in the cell wall of gram positive bacteria, which prevents the synthesis of peptidoglycan and thus inhibits protein synthesis. TBG binds to the hydroxyl group on the stannic chloride to form an insoluble complex. The stannic chloride is then converted into a soluble complex with fluoride ion. TBG can be used as an antibiotic for gram positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes.</p>

<p>Phosphoric acid mono-((2R,3R,4S,5R)-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydroxy-heptyl) ester barium salt is a Glycosylation product. It is a complex carbohydrate with the molecular formula C6H14O6P. The glycosylation of this compound can be accomplished by methylation or by Click modification. This product also has an Oligosaccharide content and Polysaccharide properties. The CAS Number for this compound is 595-25-1.</p>

<p>Methyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-3-O-benzyl-6-O-benzoyl-a-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate that can be used as a fluorescent probe. It has been used to study the glycosylation of proteins and saccharides, and also as an intermediate in the synthesis of oligosaccharides. The chemical structure of Methyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-3 -O -benzyl -6 -O -benzoyl -a -D -glucopyranoside is shown below:</p>

<p>Isosorbide 5-mononitrate 2-b-D-glucuronide is a reconstituted form of Isosorbide 5-mononitrate. It is used in the treatment of congestive heart failure and angina pectoris. The drug is a nitrovasodilator that relaxes smooth muscle cells, increasing blood flow to the heart. It has been shown to be effective in reducing the frequency of angina attacks and improving exercise tolerance. Isosorbide 5-mononitrate 2-b-D-glucuronide may also have beneficial effects on other cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease, heart attack, or high blood pressure.</p>

<p>L-rhamnose (Rha, 6-deoxy-L-mannose) (Collins, 2006) is normally bound to other sugars as a glycoside in many plant oligosaccharides and in polysaccharides. Rhamnose is also a component of the cell wall of Mycobacterium. In plants, rhamnose is found in the polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan I, a branched pectic polysaccharide that accounts for 7–14% of the primary wall (Oomen, 2002). Rhamnose is also found in rhamnogalacturonan II, a complex polysaccharide that accounts for ∌4% of the wall in dicots (Vidal, 2000). Rhamnose is also found in chacotriose and solatriose, the glycan components of solamargine and solasonine, two glycoalkaloids with anticancer properties (Al Sinani, 2017). An understanding of the rhamnose-containing polysaccharides of the gram positive cell wall has identified the biosynthetic pathway as an attractive therapeutic target for antimicrobial drug development (Mistou, 2016).</p>

<p>2-Keto-L-gluonic acid hydrate, also called 2-oxo-gulonic acid hydrate, L-xylo-2-hexulosonic acid hydrate (2-KLG) and D-sorbosonic acid hydrate, is an important intermediate in the synthesis of L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and can be produced by modified E. herbicola.</p>

<p>Raloxifene 4'-D-glucuronide is a drug that is a prodrug of raloxifene, and it can be used to treat osteoporosis. The compound is metabolized by glucuronidation in the liver, and it has been found to have bioequivalence with the parent drug. Raloxifene 4'-D-glucuronide is marketed under the trade name Evista.</p>

<p>Galacto-PUGNAc is an oligosaccharide with a complex carbohydrate structure. It is synthesized from galactose and pyranose, which are sugars that belong to the group of carbohydrates. Galacto-PUGNAc is modified by methylation, glycosylation, and fluorination. The chemical modification of this compound provides it with high purity and fluorescence properties. Click chemistry is also used in its synthesis, which involves the use of reactive species that contain azides or alkyne groups. This modification increases the stability of the compound, making it a useful tool for molecular biology and biochemistry research.</p>

<p>Adenosine-5'-b-D-galactopyranoside is a complex carbohydrate, which is a glycoconjugate consisting of an adenosine molecule linked to the sugar galactose by an alpha (1→4) glycosidic linkage. It is a methylated, fluorinated, and saccharide-modified analogue of adenosine monophosphate. Adenosine-5'-b-D-galactopyranoside is also known as 5'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-b-D-galactopyranoside or 3',5'-Diadenylic acid 5'-b-D-galactopyranoside. The compound can be custom synthesized in high purity with the desired modifications.</p>

<p>(2R, 3R, 4S, 5R) -3, 4- Dihydroxy- 5- (hydroxymethyl) - N- methyl-2- pyrrolidinecarboxami de is an Methylation product of 2-pyrrolidinone. It is a white to off-white solid. This product has been modified with Click chemistry to create a glycosylation site at the C6 position. It is soluble in water and alcohols. The CAS number for this product is 1591783-03-7.</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl cyanide is a carbohydrate that is used in the synthesis of conjugates for use as immunogens. It has been modified to create a high purity product. Click chemistry is used to attach a fluorine atom to the sugar. The glycosylation reaction with the monosaccharides and disaccharides is then performed followed by methylation of the saccharide with methanol to produce 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl cyanide.</p>

<p>2-(4'-Dimethylaminophenyl)-1-cyano-3-butene-2,3,4,6-tetra-O-pivaloyl-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound. It is an oligosaccharide that can be modified to produce various sugar derivatives. The modification process includes fluorination and methylation. 2-(4'-Dimethylaminophenyl)-1-cyano-3-butene-2,3,4,6 tetra O pivaloyl D glucopyranoside is a white powder with a melting point of 110°C and an optical rotation of +33°C.</p>

<p>Repaglinide is a drug that belongs to the class of drugs called meglitinides. It is used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and has been shown to lower blood sugar levels. Repaglinide is metabolized to repaglinide acyl-D-glucuronide, its active form, by esterases in the liver. The majority of this metabolite is excreted in urine as an acyl glucuronide. A small amount of this metabolite is excreted into bile and undergoes enterohepatic circulation, resulting in reabsorption and conjugation with glucuronic acid. This process results in a decrease in the amount of repaglinide acyl-D-glucuronide that circulates through the body and prolongs its activity.</p>

<p>2-C-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl) ethyne is a fluorescent reagent that is used to detect glycosylation. It reacts with the glucose residue of an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide to form a fluorescent product. This product can be detected by fluorescence spectroscopy. 2-C-(2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranosyl) ethyne has been shown to react with Oligo 1 and Oligo 2 in the following reaction:<br>2-[(2,3,4,6 Tetra -O -acetyl -b -D -glucopyranosyl )ethynyl]</p>

<p>Intermediate in L-idonate degradation and ketogluconate metabolism</p>

<p>Methyl 2,3,4-tri-O-benzyl-6-O-tert-butyldimethylsilyl-a-D-mannopyranoside is a synthetic carbohydrate that has been modified with fluorination. The structure of this compound is a complex carbohydrate consisting of a monosaccharide and two oligosaccharides. This product can be custom synthesized to meet the specific needs of customers and offers high purity.</p>

<p>Anti-proliferative in cancer cells</p>

<p>A useful glucuronide building block</p>

<p>DL-Apiose, also known as D-apiose, is a carbohydrate that is found in the bark of the tree Dolichandrone. It can be synthesized from verbascoside, a product of the thermally and irradiation degradation of verbascoside. This compound has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. DL-Apiose has two stereoisomers: alpha and beta. Alpha-DL-apiose is an intramolecular hydrogen bond donor while beta-DL-apiose is an intramolecular hydrogen bond acceptor. The alpha form can be converted to the beta form by ring opening. The alpha form of this compound has a hydroxyl group at carbon 2 and the beta form does not have this group. The alpha form of DL-apiose is more soluble than the beta form and may be more biologically active than its counterpart.</p>

<p>2,3-O-Isopropylidene-5-O-triphenylmethyl-D-ribonic acid gamma-lactone is a modified and synthetic oligosaccharide. It is also known as 2,3:5,6:7,8:5',6'-O-isopropylidene-D-riboaldonic acid gamma lactone or 2,3:5,6:7,8:5',6'-0-(2,2,2,-trimethyl)propane. It is an important precursor for the synthesis of complex carbohydrates such as polysaccharides and glycosylation reactions. This product can be used in research on carbohydrate chemistry and in pharmaceuticals.<br>1. <br>2. <br>3.<br>4. <br>5. <br>6. <br>7.</p>

<p>L-arabinose is a monosaccharide that is found in many plants, but not in humans. It is metabolized by the liver to produce L-arabinose-1-phosphate and L-ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. L-Arabinose syrup is used for the treatment of bacterial infections such as escherichia coli or listeria monocytogenes.</p>

<p>3-Azido-3-deoxy-5, 6-O-isopropylidene-Dgulonic acid g-lactone is a fluorinated monosaccharide. It is synthesized by the reaction between 3,4,6,7 tetra fluorobenzaldehyde and 5,6 O isopropylidene Dgulonic acid. It can be used for glycosylation reactions in order to produce oligosaccharides. The modification of this product can be achieved through methylation and sugar modification techniques. This product has CAS No. 244057-17-8 and is highly pure with a purity of 99%.</p>

<p>Phenyl 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-a-D-glucopyranoside is a custom synthesis that can be modified with fluorination, methylation, monosaccharide and oligosaccharide. It has CAS No. and is a polysaccharide. Phenyl 4-deoxy-4-fluoro-a-D-glucopyranoside is a sugar that is glycosylated and complexed with carbohydrates.</p>

<p>2-Azido-2-deoxy-3,5-di-O-tert-butylsimethyl-D-xylitol is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C8H12N2O6. It is an important intermediate for the synthesis of saccharides and oligosaccharides. A major application of 2AA2DTBSX is in the modification of complex carbohydrates such as polysaccharides and glycoproteins. This carbohydrate can be fluorinated to produce 2-(azido)-2-(deoxy) -3,5-(di)O-(tert) butylsulfonylmethyl -D-xylitol. 2AA2DTBSX can also be methylated to produce 2-[(methylthio)methyl]-2,3,5,6 tetraiodo -D-xylitol.</p>

<p>Methyl 6-O-tert.butyldiphenylsilyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is an organic chemical compound that belongs to the class of sugar derivatives. This substance is a high purity, custom synthesis and can be modified by fluorination, glycosylation, and methylation. The CAS number for this substance is 52793-71-0.<br>Methyl 6-O-tert.butyldiphenylsilyl-a-D-galactopyranoside is an oligosaccharide with a molecular formula of C14H21NO4S and a molecular weight of 299.38 g/mol. It has a monosaccharide sequence of D -Galp1,6(Galp)2,3GlcNAc(Galp)2,4GlcNAc(Galp)2,5GlcNAc(Galp)2</p>

<p>Acetyl protected xyloside</p>

<p>2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-thiomannopyranse sodium salt is a synthetic compound that is used as an intermediate in the production of glycosaminoglycans. It is a complex carbohydrate with four mannose units and two acetyl groups. This compound can be methylated, fluorinated, or modified with click chemistry to produce various derivatives. 2,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-a-D-thiomannopyranse sodium salt has been shown to have antiviral and anti cancer properties and can be custom synthesized for specific needs.</p>

<p>7-Deoxy-6-O-tert.butyldimethylsilyl-1,2-O-isopropylidene -L-glucoheptofuranose is a fluorinated monosaccharide that is used as a synthetic intermediate for the production of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. 7DGTS can be modified with methyl groups and/or click chemistry to form various derivatives. The CAS Number for this product is 58959-14-8. This product has been shown to have a purity of 99% or higher.</p>

<p>L-Ascorbic acid is a white crystalline solid that can be obtained from the tissues of many fruits and vegetables. L-Ascorbic acid is soluble in water, but insoluble in alcohol. It can be found in two forms: an oxidized form (dehydroascorbic acid) and a reduced form (L-ascorbic acid). The conversion between the two forms is catalyzed by ascorbate oxidase. L-Ascorbic acid has antioxidant properties, which scavenge free radicals, and prevent the oxidation of LDL cholesterol to its more atherogenic form. This compound also helps to alkalize bodily fluids and neutralizes pollution, making it useful for treating or preventing cervical cancer or diabetes. L-Ascorbic acid also acts as a preservative by inhibiting bacterial growth.</p>

<p>a-​glucosidase inhibitor</p>

<p>4-C-Methyl- 2, 3- O-isopropylidene -D- lyxono-1,5- lactone is a custom synthesis. It is a complex carbohydrate with the CAS number of 67903-96-6.<br>It has a molecular weight of 287.39 g/mol and a purity of &gt;99%. 4CMMDL has been modified with methylation at the C4 position and glycosylation at the C2 position. The modification on this molecule is called Click chemistry.<br>This molecule contains a sugar group that is an oligosaccharide with 11 saccharides, which are all glucose molecules. This sugar group has been fluorinated at the C2 position to form 4CMMDLF (also known as Fluorogalactofuranose). <br>The chemical formula for 4CMMDLF is C12H8O11F2, and it has a molar mass of 5</p>

<p>L-Fructose is a non-reducing sugar that is found in many plants, including honey and fruits. It plays an important role in energy metabolism, as it can be converted to L-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate by the enzyme aldolase. L-Fructose has also been used in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and other carbohydrates. The analytical method for determining L-fructose involves hydrolysis with acid followed by measurement of the released hydrogen peroxide. The cell culture technique can be used to measure the growth of bacteria that contain fructose as their sole carbon source.</p>