APIs pour la recherche et les impuretés

<p>4,4'-Dichlorobibenzyl is an impurity in the synthesis of bibenzyl. It is a metabolite of bibenzyl and has been detected in urine samples. 4,4'-Dichlorobibenzyl has been identified as a target for analytical methods because it is difficult to measure in biological samples due to its low concentration. It can be used as an impurity standard for HPLC analysis and has shown potential as a pharmacopoeia reference material.</p>

<p>Celecoxib hydrazine is an inhibitor of protein kinases that has been shown to have anticancer properties. It is an analog of celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is commonly used to treat pain and inflammation. Celecoxib hydrazine has been shown to induce apoptosis in human cancer cells and inhibit the growth of tumors in mice. This compound has potential as a medicinal agent for the treatment of cancer, and urine samples from Chinese patients with cancer have been found to contain high levels of this compound. Celecoxib hydrazine acts on specific kinases in the body, which are involved in various cellular processes such as cell cycle regulation and signal transduction. Its ability to selectively inhibit these kinases makes it a promising candidate for targeted therapy against cancer.</p>

Lorcaserin is a selective 5-HT2C receptor agonist, which is used for the treatment of obesity. It has been shown to be effective in clinical studies as a weight loss drug. Lorcaserin acts on the serotonin system in the human body by activating the 5-HT2c receptors, which are located in cells with high levels of serotonin. Lorcaserin has shown potential as an anticancer agent and is undergoing clinical development. It inhibits cytochrome P1A enzymes, which are found primarily in liver tissues and may have anti-cancer properties. Lorcaserin is being developed as a treatment for diabetes and obesity due to its ability to suppress appetite and induce satiety.

N-Desalkyl itraconazole is a triazole antifungal drug that belongs to the group of medicines. It is used in the treatment of systemic mycoses, including blastomycosis and histoplasmosis. N-Desalkyl itraconazole has been shown to inhibit the growth of fungi by interfering with their cell membranes and inhibiting their production of ergosterol. Calibration studies have shown that this drug binds to human liver microsomes and plasma proteins, as well as transporters such as P-glycoprotein. These interactions may influence its pharmacokinetics, which can be determined using a bioanalytical method.

<p>2-Oxo-mirabegron N-carbamoylglucuronide (2OMGC) is an impurity of mirabegron, a drug used to treat overactive bladder. 2OMGC is a metabolite of mirabegron that is created through the hydrolysis of the carbamate group on the nitrogen atom. This impurity can be detected in HPLC and GC/MS analyses and has been found in the urine of patients taking mirabegron. The detection limit for this impurity is 10 ng/mL. 2OMGC exhibits pharmacological activity similar to that of its parent compound, mirabegron, which is purported to have antispasmodic and anal sphincter relaxant properties.</p>

Diclofenac isopropyl ester is a synthetic, non-natural drug product. It has been shown to be metabolized by the liver to produce diclofenac acid and sulfate conjugates. The drug product can be used as an analytical standard or impurity control in HPLC measurements of drug products that contain diclofenac. Diclofenac isopropyl ester is also used for research and development purposes and has niche applications for pharmacopoeia purposes.

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<p>α-Phenyl-α-[3-(phenyl-2-pyridinylmethylene)-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl]-2-pyridinemethanol is a synthetic compound that is used as an impurity standard in the research and development of drugs. It is also used as a custom synthesis drug product to create a high purity, pharmacopeia grade drug. α-Phenyl-α-[3-(phenyl-2-pyridinylmethylene)-2,4-cyclopentadien-1-yl]-2-pyridinemethanol has been shown to be an active metabolite for the treatment of hypertension. Metabolism studies have shown that this drug is subject to oxidative metabolism by cytochrome P450 enzymes with subsequent oxidation of the pyridine ring. The resulting metabolite can then bind to DNA and inhibit transcription and replication.</p>

<p>Sunitinib impurity G is a research and development impurity that is found in the process of synthesizing sunitinib. Sunitinib impurity G is an analytical standard that is soluble in methanol and is suitable for HPLC analysis. It has been shown to have high purity, excellent stability, and a low level of toxicity.</p>

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4-Carboxy nevirapine is a synthetic drug product that is used as an analytical reference standard for the impurity 4-carboxynevirapine. It has been shown to have niche applications in pharmacopoeia and natural product research and development. The metabolite 4-carboxynevirapine can be synthesized from nevirapine which is found in the plant Cinchona officinalis. This metabolite has been extensively studied for its role in the metabolism of nevirapine and its possible therapeutic applications, such as its ability to inhibit HIV replication.

2'-Epi-lamivudine is a chiral, racemic mixture of the two enantiomers of lamivudine. The synthesis and purification of 2'-epi-lamivudine is achieved by using a chiralpak column to separate the optical isomers from each other and then an immunoaffinity column to remove the undesired enantiomer (the S-enantiomer). The final product is a mixture of both enantiomers in a 1:1 ratio, which has been shown to have antiviral activity against HIV. 2'-Epi-lamivudine has been shown to be more potent than its parent compound lamivudine and is less toxic. This antiviral agent inhibits HIV replication by inhibiting reverse transcriptase, which is an enzyme that synthesizes viral DNA from viral RNA. It also has anti-inflammatory properties that may be due to inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis.

Vaniliprole is a vitamin analog that exhibits anticancer properties by inhibiting tumor growth and inducing apoptosis in cancer cells. It acts as a protein kinase inhibitor, which prevents the activation of kinases that play a crucial role in cell division and proliferation. Vaniliprole has been shown to be effective against various types of cancer cells, including those derived from humans and Chinese hamsters. This compound is excreted through urine and has potential as an anticancer agent for future drug development.

2,2-Bis-[3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl]ethanesulfonic acid methylamide is an analytical standard for HPLC. It is a synthetic substance and has been shown to be a metabolite of the drug product, 2,2-bis-(3-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)indol-5-yl)ethanesulfonic acid methylamide.

<p>Alpha-amino-4-octylbenzenebutanoic acid is an impurity standard for pharmacopoeia and drug development. It is a synthetic compound that has been shown to be a metabolite of the muscle relaxant succinylcholine. Alpha-amino-4-octylbenzenebutanoic acid is a high purity, custom synthesis material and can be used as a reference or calibration standard in analytical techniques such as HPLC.</p>

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<p>2-(3-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid is a synthetic compound that is being researched as a potential drug product. It is an impurity standard for HPLC and has been used in the past to develop drugs. The chemical structure of this compound closely resembles that of the natural metabolite 4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid, which is found in plants such as thyme. 2-(3-(1-Benzylpiperidin-4-yl)-2-oxopropyl)-4,5-dimethoxybenzoic acid has shown to inhibit human cytochrome P450 enzymes, which may lead to serious side effects when taken orally.</p>

<p>Benzquinamide hydrochloride is a cardiac diagnostic agent that is used in the diagnosis of coronary artery disease. It is also used to assess the viability of heart tissue and to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-arrhythmic agents. Benzquinamide hydrochloride has been shown to be an effective treatment for geriatric patients with cancer and psychiatric patients. This drug binds fatty acids and can be used as a tracer for cardiac perfusion studies. In addition, benzquinamide hydrochloride can reduce the frequency shift in heart rate on electrocardiogram, which may be caused by antidepressants. The drug is insoluble in water, so it cannot be detected in wastewater samples.</p>

Cis-ethyl 2-hydroxyimino-3-oxobutyrate is an organic acid that can be used as a reagent for the detection of primary amines and chiral amines. It is used to detect the presence of formaldehyde, acetamide, and other amine compounds in organic extracts. Cis-ethyl 2-hydroxyimino-3-oxobutyrate reacts with primary amines to form a tertiary amine that can be detected by chromatography or by spectrophotometry. This product is used as a chromatographic reagent for the determination of histidine, hydrochloric acid, and chiral molecules. Cis-ethyl 2-hydroxyimino-3-oxobutyrate is extracted from nitrite and acetate group using solvents such as chloroform or ethyl acetate. The extract can then be separated using chromatography methods such as gas chromatography (GC) or

Flutianil is an analog of a medicinal compound that has been shown to have potent anticancer activity. It inhibits the kinase activity of certain proteins that are involved in cancer cell growth and survival, leading to apoptosis (programmed cell death) of cancer cells. Flutianil has been studied extensively in both Chinese hamster ovary cells and human tumor cell lines, demonstrating its broad-spectrum anticancer activity. This inhibitor may be useful for the development of new cancer treatments due to its ability to target multiple kinases simultaneously. Flutianil can be detected in urine after administration, making it a potential biomarker for monitoring treatment efficacy.

Descarboxy treprostinil is a synthetic drug product that is used as a research and development impurity standard. It has a purity of 98% or greater, and its CAS number is 101692-01-7. Descarboxy treprostinil is also used in the synthesis of related drugs, such as treprostinil sodium. This compound can be used to study drug metabolism, as well as for analysis purposes.

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<p>(2S,2R,Trans)-saxagliptin is an anti-diabetic drug that belongs to the thiazolidinedione class of drugs. It is a synthetic compound that is metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes and excreted in urine. (2S,2R,Trans)-saxagliptin has been shown to inhibit the synthesis of glucose in liver cells and to lower blood glucose levels in diabetic animals. In addition, it has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the production of TNF-α and IL-6 cytokines.</p>

<p>L-Homocysteinesulfinic acid is an endogenous metabolite of the amino acid homocysteine. It is a reactive molecule that has been shown to cause neuronal death in vitro and in vivo. L-Homocysteinesulfinic acid binds to the NMDA receptor and inhibits its function, which may cause apoptosis. L-Homocysteinesulfinic acid also binds to the alpha2-adrenergic receptor and enhances uptake of glutamate, thereby causing neuronal death. L-Homocysteinesulfinic acid has been shown to be elevated in cancer patients, as well as those with a high risk for developing cancer. This compound is also elevated in individuals with metabolic syndrome and carnitine deficiency, as well as those with occipital cortex damage or brain cells affected by Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease. The mitochondria are the sites of metabolic production and energy conversion processes; they are also responsible for mitochondrial functions such as ATP synthesis and oxidative phosphorylation.</p>

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2,2'-Methylenebis[4-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]phenol] is a synthetic drug product that is used as a reference standard for HPLC and GC analyses. It is also a metabolite of the drug product 2,2'-methylenebis[4-[2-(dimethylamino)-1-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)ethyl]phenol], which is used in pharmaceuticals. This impurity standard exhibits analytical properties similar to those of the API impurity. The chemical structure of this compound consists of an aromatic ring with two methyl groups and two methoxy groups attached to it.

N2-Methyl alfuzosin-D7 is a drug product that belongs to the group of alfuzosin, which is a selective inhibitor of the enzyme phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) and is used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. It has been designed to reduce the risk of adverse effects associated with other PDE5 inhibitors, such as erectile dysfunction and urinary retention. N2-Methyl alfuzosin-D7 has been shown to be effective in animal studies and in vitro experiments. However, its metabolism remains unknown.

<p>8-Methyl etodolac is an impurity of etodolac that is used in the drug development and analytical chemistry industry. It is a synthetic metabolite of etodolac, which is an analgesic agent that belongs to the group of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). 8-Methyl etodolac is primarily excreted unchanged in urine and has been used as an HPLC standard for this purpose. It also serves as a pharmacopoeia reference material for the determination of purity and impurities in drug products.</p>

3-(Methylamino)-5,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazin-2-one oxime hydrochloride is an analytical reagent used for HPLC analysis of the impurities in pharmaceutical products. It is a white crystalline solid with a melting point of 235°C. 3-(Methylamino)-5,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazin-2-one oxime hydrochloride is used as a reference standard and has been assigned CAS No. 112233-23-5 by the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS). This compound is also known as Impurity Standard A in the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) and European Pharmacopoeia (EP) compendiums. 3-(Methylamino)-5,6-dihydro-2H-1,4-thiazin-2-one oxime

Empagliflozin tetraacetate is a drug product that has been manufactured by chemical synthesis. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 597.7 and a purity of 98.2%. Empagliflozin tetraacetate has been formulated as the hydrochloride salt, which is soluble in water and alcohols. The USP/BP/EP specifications for this drug are 5% impurity standard, analytical, API impurity, Synthetic, Metabolism studies, niche, High purity>. This drug product can be used in research and development as well as for manufacturing pharmaceutical products. It is not intended for use in humans or animals.

<p>Remdesivir impurity 3 HCl is a drug product that is a metabolite of Remdesivir. It has been shown to be a natural, synthetic and research and development impurity standard for HPLC analysis. CAS No.: 2096981-79-0</p>

<p>2,3',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl is an analog that has shown potential in the development of anticancer agents. Studies have shown that it can inhibit the growth of tumor cells and induce apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. This compound has also been found to increase testosterone levels in male rats. Additionally, 2,3',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl has been studied as a potential inhibitor of kinases involved in cancer progression. Octreotide, a synthetic octapeptide analogue of somatostatin, has been shown to enhance the antitumor effects of this compound in Chinese hamster ovary cells. This compound may have potential as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of various types of cancer.</p>

Butanilicaine hydrochloride is a molecular weight heparin that is structurally related to the natural pentasaccharide sequence of heparin. Its anticoagulant activity is due to its ability to form a coordination complex with calcium in the presence of magnesium and other cations. Butanilicaine hydrochloride has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and angiogenic properties, which may be due to its inhibition of pro-inflammatory factors such as TNF-α and IL-1β. It also inhibits production of angiogenic factors, such as VEGF and HGF.

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<p>4’-(7-Dechloroquinolinyl) piperaquine is an inhibitor of tumor kinases and has shown potent anticancer activity against various cancer cells. This compound is a derivative of piperaquine, which is commonly used as an antimalarial drug. 4’-(7-Dechloroquinolinyl) piperaquine has been found to induce apoptosis in human cancer cells by inhibiting the activity of protein kinases that are essential for cell growth and division. It has also been shown to have synergistic effects with capsaicin, a natural compound found in chili peppers, in inhibiting the growth of cancer cells. Additionally, this analog has been detected in human urine after administration, indicating its potential use as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment.</p>

<p>Cefotaxime sodium impurity C is a by-product of the synthesis of cefotaxime. It is an impurity standard for drug product, custom synthesis and research and development. The CAS number for this substance is 66403-32-5. This compound has been shown to be a metabolite in metabolism studies. Impurity standard compounds are used in analytical methods such as HPLC.</p>

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Impurity EP is a research and development impurity that is used as a drug product impurity in the synthesis of the active pharmaceutical ingredient, gabapentin. It has been shown to be a metabolite of gabapentin. The purity of this compound is determined by HPLC analysis. This research and development impurity can be synthesized from natural or synthetic sources and can be obtained in high purity with 99% minimum. Impurity EP does not have a CAS number because it is not an active pharmaceutical ingredient.

<p>Spirolaxine is a coumarin derivative that has been shown to have anti-cancer properties. It was isolated from an extract of the fungus Spirolaxine, which was found in the gastroduodenum (gut) of a frog. The structure of spirolaxine is similar to that of retinoic acid, and it has been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Spirolaxine also inhibits the production of proinflammatory cytokines in mice with colitis. This drug has not yet been tested for its ability to treat other diseases, such as diabetes, but may be able to regulate blood sugar levels by inhibiting insulin secretion and increasing glucose uptake by cells.</p>

(-)-Wine lactone is a medicinal compound with potent anticancer properties. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of kinase, a protein that plays a key role in tumor growth and cancer cell proliferation. Studies have demonstrated that (-)-Wine lactone analogs can induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in human cancer cells by inhibiting kinase activity. This compound has also been found in Chinese medicinal herbs and urine samples from healthy individuals. Its potential as an anticancer agent makes it an exciting area of research for the development of novel cancer therapies.

Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist that is used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. It is also an effective prophylactic agent against asthma in children. The drug is active in the lung, where it blocks the binding of leukotrienes to their receptors, preventing bronchoconstriction. Montelukast has been shown to be well tolerated with minimal side effects.

Methisosildenafil is a chemical compound that belongs to the group of phosphodiesterase type-5 inhibitors. It is an analog of sildenafil and is used for the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). Methisosildenafil has been shown to be effective in animal models of pulmonary hypertension. It also inhibits the production of myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which are responsible for suppressing the immune system. Methisosildenafil has been found to be safe and well-tolerated for use as a pharmaceutical preparation in humans.

<p>Ceftazidime impurity H is a by-product that can be found in the synthesis of ceftazidime. It has been detected using magnetic separation and UV detection. Ceftazidime impurity H is an antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial growth. This antibiotic binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit, preventing protein synthesis and cell division.</p>

<p>Descyclopropyl-2-oxopropyl prasugrel is a metabolite of the prodrug prasugrel. It is a synthetic compound that has been shown to have pharmacological activity similar to its parent drug. Descyclopropyl-2-oxopropyl prasugrel has a purity of &gt;98% and is available as an API standard in impurity grade and as custom synthesis. The chemical name for descyclopropyl-2-oxopropyl prasugrel is 2-[4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-[1,3,2]dioxaborolan-2- yl)butoxy]-N-(3S)-(3aR*,8aS*)-octahydroindole-1,3(2H)-dione.</p>

<p>1,5-Bis(4-pyridyl)pentane is a coordination polymer that can be used in the preparation of polymers. It is bifunctional and has coordination properties. This compound is made up of two pyridine rings linked to an ethyl group via a pentane chain. The cationic form of this compound is used for the preparation of some polymers. The crystal structure for 1,5-bis(4-pyridyl)pentane was determined by X-ray crystallography and found to have a layered topology with hydrogen bonding.</p>

<p>4,4'-Bis(2-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-5-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl is a drug product that has been custom synthesized to meet the needs of specific research and development. The CAS number for this compound is 1007882-27-0. It has a purity of ≥99%. This compound is metabolized in vivo to its natural metabolite, 4,4'-bis(2-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)imidazol-5-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl sulfoxide. Metabolism studies have been conducted on rats.</p>

<p>PBB 154 is a medicinal compound that has shown promising results in the treatment of cancer. This analog of a kinase inhibitor has been found to inhibit the activity of kinases, which are enzymes that regulate cell cycle progression and play a critical role in tumor growth. PBB 154 has been shown to induce apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancer cells. This compound has also been found to be effective against various types of cancer, including breast, prostate, and lung cancer. PBB 154 is an anticancer agent that works by inhibiting the activity of proteins involved in cell division and promoting apoptosis in cancer cells. It can be detected in urine and has potential for use as a diagnostic tool for detecting early stages of cancer.</p>

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<p>Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate is a synthetic compound that has been used as an impurity standard for the drug product and as a metabolite in pharmacopoeia. Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate is also used in research and development, including drug metabolism studies. Tetrahydrofuran-3-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate is a high purity and custom synthesis that is used as an analytical standard for HPLC.</p>

<p>GSK-2793660 is a potent and selective analog of a human protein kinase inhibitor that has been shown to induce apoptosis in cancer cells. It is a medicinal compound that inhibits the activity of kinases, which are enzymes involved in cell signaling pathways. GSK-2793660 has demonstrated anticancer activity in preclinical studies, particularly against Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) tumor models. This inhibitor has also been found in urine samples from cancer patients, indicating its potential as a diagnostic tool for cancer. Its ability to selectively target specific kinases makes it a promising candidate for the development of new cancer therapies.</p>