Acides aminés (AA)

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Z-Gly-Pro-AMC is a substrate molecule that mimics the natural substrate of dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-IV) and is used in the study of plant physiology. It has been shown to inhibit DPP-IV activity by binding to the enzyme’s active site, preventing it from cleaving biologically active peptides. This drug also has an antidiabetic effect, which may be due to its ability to inhibit α-amylase activity. Z-Gly-Pro-AMC also has been shown to increase locomotor activity and reduce body weight in rats with metabolic disorders. Z-Gly-Pro-AMC inhibits serine proteases, such as trypsin, chymotrypsin, elastase, and cathepsin G, which are involved in tumor progression.

(R)-(+)-2-Methoxypropionic acid is a derivatization agent that is used to label branched-chain amino acids. It has been shown to react with l-rhamnose, which is found in glycoproteins and polysaccharides.

4-Phenyl-2-butanone is an organic compound that is used as a solvent. It has been shown to be effective against a wide range of bacteria, including Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. 4-Phenyl-2-butanone disrupts the cell membrane by binding to glycol ether, which is an important part of the lipid bilayer. It also inhibits the synthesis of two important molecules in bacterial cells, dinucleotide phosphate and phospholipids. This process leads to bacterial cell death. 4-Phenyl-2-butanone also has antimicrobial properties due to its ability to destroy water vapor and inhibit growth of microorganisms on skin.

3-Methoxyphenylacetonitrile (3MPAN) is a small molecule that has been shown to inhibit the activity of kinases, which are enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from ATP onto other substrates. 3MPAN has been found to be selective for the estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), with little or no effect on ERβ, and shows promise as a potential drug for hormone-dependent breast cancer. It also inhibits fatty acid synthesis and is active against some viruses. 3MPAN binds to the enzyme's ATP binding site and blocks phosphorylation by preventing access of ATP. This prevents DNA synthesis and protein synthesis, leading to cell death.

Fmoc-L-aspartic acid beta-2-phenylisopropyl ester is a macrocyclic amino acid with conformational and anti-inflammatory properties. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells in vitro, as well as the osteolytic, lymphoproliferative, and inflammatory activities in vivo. Fmoc-L-aspartic acid beta-2-phenylisopropyl ester also has antiarrhythmic effects on cardiac tissue that are caused by its ability to bind to chloride channels. This compound also inhibits the production of inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and interleukin 6 (IL6).

4-Aminobenzoyl-L-glutamic acid (PABA) is a dinucleotide phosphate that can be found in human serum. It has been shown to have receptor activity for epithelial mesenchymal cells and is used as a model organism for folate, group p2 polymerase chain reactions (PCR). PABA is also involved in the reaction mechanism of linear calibration curves.

Bis-Boc-amino-oxyacetic acid is an analog of goserelin acetate. It binds to the androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells, which leads to cytostatic effects. This drug has shown a low potency in human serum and does not bind to human serum proteins.
The uptake of Bis-Boc-amino-oxyacetic acid by prostate cancer cells was found to be significantly greater than that of goserelin acetate. The binding affinity of this drug for the androgen receptor is also lower than that of goserelin acetate, making it more selective for prostate cancer cells over other tissues.

2-Hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol is a phenolic compound that belongs to the class of mandelonitrile. It is an envenomation agent that has been shown to have a molecular weight of 146, and is synthesized by reacting 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde with formic acid. This drug also has been shown to have high binding affinity for the androgen receptor, which allows it to be used as an antihormone therapy. 2-Hydroxyl-3-methoxybenzyl alcohol binds to hormone receptors in cells and prevents them from binding with the hormones needed for transcription. The hydroxyl group on this molecule allows it to act as an acceptor for other molecules in reactions involving formylation and hydroxylation reactions.

2-Methoxyhydroquinone is a reactive phenolic compound that is used as an antioxidant in nutrient solutions. The compound reacts with a hydroxyl group to form 2,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)propane through the addition of hydrogen bonds. It is also used for wastewater treatment and in radiation-induced polymerization reactions. 2-Methoxyhydroquinone can react with alcohol residues on proteins to form p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters. In addition, this compound has been shown to be an excellent enzyme substrate, which may result from its ability to undergo hydrogen bonding interactions with the enzyme active site.

3-Fluoro-4-methylbenzoic acid is an organic compound that is used as a ligand in coordination chemistry. This compound is an alkynyl ligand with a selenium atom at the 3 position, and it can be used to make metal complexes with cycloalkyl and heterocycloalkyl rings. 3-Fluoro-4-methylbenzoic acid has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase activity.

H-Trp-Trp-Trp-OH is a protonated tripeptide that has hydrophobic properties. It is highly soluble in water, but not in organic solvents. The protonation of the amino acid residues in H-Trp-Trp-Trp-OH has been shown to be pH dependent. This compound is synthesized by reacting an amino acid with a carboxylic acid, which gives the product a bitter taste. The synthesis of this compound also yields reaction products that are acidic and exhibit anti tumor effects. This product can be used as a prebiotic to promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract.

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Fmoc-(S)-2-(aminomethyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid is a proteinogenic amino acid that is used in the production of casein and other dairy products. It is also found in wheat, where it can be converted to the essential amino acid methionine. Fmoc-(S)-2-(aminomethyl)-4-methylpentanoic acid is classified as a high-quality protein because it contains all eight essential amino acids (EAAs). It has been shown that when dietary intakes are low, malnourished children may benefit from increased intake of this amino acid.