Substrats d'enzymes

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-azido-2-deoxy-3-O-(tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-galactopyranosyl)-4,6-O-benzylidene a D galactopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate for detecting ligands. It has been used to detect the presence of bacteria, fungi, and parasites in food samples and as an indicator for enzymatic activity. This product is an excellent fluorescent substrate for the detection of nucleic acids such as DNA. This product is a conjugate with high purity, which makes it suitable for use in various types of applications.</p>

<p>Bacillus cereus is a rod-shaped β hemolytic bacterium commonly found in food and soil. Some strains can be associated with food intoxications, mainly from raw meat and poultry products. One example is the so called “fried rice syndrome”, that occurs when dishes containing cooked rice are left for several hours at room temperature. Typical symptoms of the infection include severe nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Some strains of Bacillus cereus on the contrary are not harmful at all and they are used as probiotics food additives in animal farming to reduce the presence of other pathogens like Salmonella in the cecum end intestine. Bacillus cereus expresses phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC), encoded by the plc gene, which is regulated by PlcR. In addition, the expression of PlcR is dependent on the growth medium. Luc-B.cereus Na (L-8275) is a synthetic chemiluminescent substrate for the phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C. The enzyme cleaves off phosphocholine from L-8275, leading to the release of D-Luc, and consequent strong light emission B. cereus culture exhibited strong luminescence, while RLU values were much lower for samples with B. thuringiensis.</p>

<p>4-Methylumbelliferyl 2-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorescent substrate for β–galactosidase. It is used to detect the enzyme in biological samples and as a diagnostic agent. This substrate can be used to develop chemiluminescent, chromogenic, and fluorogenic substrates for use in diagnostics. 4MUF 2OBG can also be conjugated to various ligands for use in bioluminescence assays or as a marker in immunoassays.</p>

<p>AquaSpark® H2S probe is a chemiluminescent probe for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), with excellent selectivity for sulfide over thiols. The AquaSpark® H2S probe is ~760-fold more selective for Na2S than to L-cysteine, and ~380-fold more selective for Na2S than for glutathione. AquaSpark® H2S probe was used in a study identifying antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains by detecting the beta-lactamase-driven hydrolysis of beta-lactam antibiotics, where hydrogen sulfide is a biodegradation metabolite (Popat Gholap et al, 2021).</p>

<p>3-indolyl-N-methyl a-D-arabinopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate for the detection of beta-galactosidase. It also has been used as a chromogenic substrate for the detection of beta-glucuronidase. This product can be conjugated to an enzyme and used in enzyme substrates for the detection of beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, and other enzymes. 3-indolyl-N-methyl a-D-arabinopyranoside is also commonly used in culture media to detect bacteria and yeast.</p>

<p>5-Bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that reacts with horseradish peroxidase to produce light. It is used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity in food testing, staining, and environmental testing. This product is also used as a chromogenic substrate for the determination of β-galactosidase activity in immunological assays. 5BICAPG is a conjugate that can be used as a diagnostic ligand for the detection of β -galactosidase enzyme activity. This product has been shown to react with horseradish peroxidase and produce chemiluminescence or bioluminescence when exposed to oxygen. 5BICAPG has also been found to be an excellent enzyme substrate for various enzymes including alkaline phosphatase</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl hepta-O-acetyl-1-thio-b-lactoside is an inorganic molecule that binds to the surface of bacteria. It has been used as a fingerprinting tool for a variety of organisms, including corynebacterium glutamicum. The molecule can be used to measure the metabolic activity of corynebacterium glutamicum with a technique called incremental acidification. This technique is based on the observation that the concentration of 4-nitrophenol decreases by one unit for each glucose metabolized by corynebacterium glutamicum. The use of 4NPHTBL and other primers can also be useful in diagnosing patients with autoimmune diseases such as celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease.</p>

<p>2-Naphthyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-b-D-glucopyranoside (NAG tetra acetate) is a chromogenic enzyme substrate commonly used in the detection of β-galactosidase activity. Upon hydrolysis by the enzyme, it produces a yellow product that can be detected by spectrophotometry or visually. It is frequently used in bacterial assays to monitor gene expression or as a tool for screening potential inhibitors of the enzyme.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-a-D-glucopyranoside is a synthetic compound with the ability to inhibit the enzyme glutamicum. It is a radionuclide that can be used as a focusing agent for gamma cameras and has been shown to be effective against corynebacterium glutamicum and other organisms. 4NP2AG was synthesized by reacting nitrophenol with acetamide in the presence of an acid catalyst and hydrogenating the product. The synthesis employs precession chemistry, which involves rotating a molecule around its axis at high speed to increase its concentration in one area. This treatment leads to a higher yield of desired product. 4NP2AG contains two acetamido groups on the glucopyranoside moiety, which are esterified with nitrophenol and acetic acid respectively. These moieties are</p>

<p>Thymidine 5′-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester sodium is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in food testing and environmental testing. It is an important component of the Ligand Assay, a diagnostic test for the detection of antibodies to HIV. Thymidine 5′-monophosphate p-nitrophenyl ester sodium has been shown to be a good substrate for use in enzyme assays, such as DNA polymerase, DNA ligase, and RNA polymerase. This product is also used in bioluminescence and chemiluminescence reactions.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorescent compound that is used in diagnostics and research. The compound is an enzyme substrate, a ligand for metal ions, and a chromogenic substrate. It can be used to test cultures of bacteria in culture media, as well as for food testing and environmental testing. 4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-b-D-glucopyranoside has high purity and quality due to its high fluorescence intensity. This product has been shown to be highly stable in various conditions and may be used in conjugates with other compounds.</p>

<p>2-Nitrophenyl 6-O-trityl-b-D-galactopyranoside is a chromogenic enzyme substrate used in assays to detect galactosidase activity. It is a derivative of galactose that can be hydrolyzed by galactosidase to release the yellow-colored 2-nitrophenyl group, which can be detected spectrophotometrically. The trityl group helps to stabilize the molecule and prevent undesired hydrolysis during storage. This substrate is commonly used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism and in the detection of galactosidase activity in microorganisms.</p>

<p>Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc-b-pNP is a fluorogenic substrate that can be used for testing the presence of glycoproteins in food samples. It also has been used to detect the presence of enzymes in culture media. Neu5Ac(a2-6)Gal(b1-3)GlcNAc-b-pNP is a high purity product that has a CAS number and is available as a conjugate. This product can be purchased in bulk quantities, with a purity of &gt;90%.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl 4,6-benzylidene-2-O-(2,3,4,6-tetra-O-[4-methoxybenzyl]-a-D-glucopyranosyl)-a-D-glucopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in diagnostic assays to measure the activity of enzymes such as β–galactosidase and β–glucuronidase. It is also an enzyme substrate for culture media and chemiluminescence. This product has a CAS number of 57316-92-8.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl (N-acetyl-a-neuraminosyl)-(2,3)-O-b-D-galactopyranosyl-(1,3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-galactopyranoside is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in the detection of enzyme activity. It reacts with a specific enzyme to produce light. This product has been shown to be useful for detecting β -galactosidase, β -glucuronidase, α -mannosidase, and lactose permeases. The product is also used in the diagnosis of urinary tract infections and other diseases. This product is not intended for use in humans or animals.</p>

<p>AquaSpark® H2S/-SH is a chemiluminescent probe for the detection of sulfides and thiols. The chemiluminescence obtained through sulfide is 3-5 fold higher than chemiluminescence obtained through thiols. AquaSpark® H2S/-SH probe was used in a study identifying antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains by detecting the beta-lactamase-driven hydrolysis of beta-lactam antibiotics, where hydrogen sulfide is a biodegradation metabolite (Popat Gholap et al, 2021).</p>

<p>4-nitrophenyl 2-acetamido-3-O-[2-O-(2,3,4-tri-O-benzoyl-a-L-fucopyranosyl)-3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl -D -galactopyranosyl]-2 deoxy 6 O trityl b D glucopyranoside is a chemiluminescent substrate that can be used in biochemical assays. It reacts with oxygen to produce light when it is excited by a UV or blue light source. This product has been tested for purity and quality by HPLC analysis and spectroscopy.</p>

<p>Resorufin ethyl ether is a fluorescent substrate that is used to measure the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes. It can be used in vitro to study the effects of drugs on enzyme activities and in vivo to study liver lesions. Resorufin ethyl ether is also used as a model system for studying synchronous fluorescence, which is the emission of light by two or more substances at the same time. The nitrogen atoms in resorufin ethyl ether can be substituted with other atoms such as magnesium or zinc, which will affect its activity and fluorescence properties. Resorufin ethyl ether binds to cytochrome P450 enzymes and therefore inhibits their activity. This inhibition is reversible, and it can be reversed by adding a substance that competes with the substrate for binding sites on the enzyme.</p>

<p>4-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellobioside heptacetate is a fluorogenic substrate that is used in food testing and environmental testing. The product is an enzyme substrate that can be used as a conjugate to produce chemiluminescence or bioluminescence. 4-Nitrophenyl b-D-cellobioside heptacetate has CAS number 69948-03-4 and is of high purity and quality. It has been shown to have good fluorescence properties, which makes it ideal for use in fluorescence microscopy applications.</p>

<p>Aldol® 470 L-pyroglutamic acid amide is a chromogenic and fluorogenic enzyme substrate used for detection of pyrrolidonyl peptidase (PYRase) activity. The colorless enzyme substrate is cleaved by PYRase-producing bacteria grown in liquid or solid media, yielding orange color. In addition, green fluorescence is generated when a suitable matrix is present, such as, the surface of cellulose acetate filters, polypropylene tubes or microplates, and polyethylene vials. Aldol® 470 L-pyroglutamic acid amide is suitable for use under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.</p>