Antibiotici

SQ109 (NSC-722041) is an effective inhibitor of the trypomastigote form of the parasite (IC50 = 50 nM). SQ109 is an antitubercular agent and targets MmpL3.

Vidarabine phosphate is an adenosine monophosphate analog.

IID432, TopoII inhibitor against Trypanosoma cruzi (EC50=8 nM), achieves parasite clearance in Chagas disease models.

Rosaramicin, a lipid-soluble basic macrolide, is an antibacterial substance similar to erythromycin but with a better activity against Gram-negative bacteria.

Pyrazofurin, a pyrimidine analogue, blocks cell growth and DNA synthesis by targeting UMP synthase & orotate-phosphoribosyltransferase (IC50: 0.06-0.37 μM).

Lincophenicol is an Escherichia coli ribosomal peptidyltransferase-catalyzed puromycin reaction inhibitor.

S 863390 is a renin inhibitor.

Exeporfinium chloride(XF-73) is an antimicrobial agent that can weaken bacterial cell walls.

Basacv is a bisacridinyl peptidic analog of triostin A.

4-((4-((4-Aminophenyl)sulfonyl)phenyl)amino)-4-oxobutanoic acid is a sulfonamide compound that can be used as an anti infective agent [1].

Albitiazolium bromide is an antimalarial compound disrupting phosphatidylcholine biosynthesis in Plasmodium, transported via NPP and cation carriers.

Abimtrelvir exhibited antiviral activity.

Amcinafal is an active diol,and used against virus replication and interferon production.

Verticillin A, an apoptosis inducer, inhibits Leiomyosarcoma and Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor growth.

Pentachloropseudilin inhibits Myosin-1 and speeds up TGF-β receptor turnover, suppressing TGF-β activity.

Xenalamine is a synthetic compound of antiviral.

PD 117588: Broad-spectrum quinolone; combats Gram-positive and most Gram-negative bacteria, barring P. aeruginosa. More potent than imipenem or ceftazidime.

Acyclovir monophosphate, a strong anti-HSV agent, inhibits viral DNA polymerase, blocking DNA synthesis and chain elongation.

Tunicamine is a reversible polyprenol-phosphate inhibitor.

MptpB-IN-1: orally active, potent MptpB inhibitor; reduces drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Lipoxamycin hemisulfate (Lipoxamycin) is an inhibitor of serine palmitoyltransferase (IC50 = 21 nM) with antifungal activity.

Compound 5, an antiviral agent, effectively targets murine norovirus, with potential in infectious disease and oncology research.

SSJ-183 is a low-toxicity and orally available and anti-malarial drug with an IC50 = 7.6 nM against P. falciparum and no lethality at doses up to 2000 mg/kg po.

Alalevonadifloxacin HCl is a novel l-alanine ester prodrug of levonadifloxacin.

BRD-8000.3 is a narrow-spectrum antimycobacterial targeting EfpA, inhibiting lipid transport in drug-tolerant Mtb and useful in structural and functional.

Phenosulfazole is a potent antiviral agent which has the potential for the research of poliomyelitis virus [1].

Ceftriaxone sodium is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating severe bacterial infections like meningitis and pneumonia.

Hygromycin A is an antimicrobial compound isolated from the bacterium *Streptomyces hygroscopicus*. It functions by inhibiting protein synthesis within microbial cells. This compound disrupts the elongation phase of translation by binding to the ribosomal subunit, therefore impeding mRNA decoding during protein assembly.

Bleomycin A5 hydrochloride is an antineoplastic antibiotic, which is derived from the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus. Its mode of action involves binding to DNA and inducing strand breaks through the generation of free radicals, specifically targeting deoxyribose units. This leads to the inhibition of DNA synthesis and cell division, ultimately resulting in cell death.

Clindamycin 3-phosphate is an antibiotic prodrug, which is a derivative of clindamycin. It is semisynthetic with a synthetic origin, derived by chemically modifying the natural compound lincomycin obtained from the bacterium *Streptomyces lincolnensis*. The mode of action of Clindamycin 3-phosphate involves the inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. It binds to the 50S subunit of the bacterial ribosome, thereby interfering with the translocation step in protein elongation, ultimately leading to the suppression of bacterial growth.

Clofoctol is a bacteriostatic antibiotic with activity against Gram-positive bacteria, used in the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections.

14-Bromodaunorubicin HBr is a synthetic antitumor antibiotic derivative, which is a modified version of daunorubicin, an anthracycline antibiotic originally isolated from Streptomyces peucetius. With the inclusion of a bromine atom at the 14th position, this compound is designed to enhance the antitumor efficacy and alter pharmacokinetic properties compared to its parent molecule.

Monensin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic, which is derived from the fermentation of the bacterium *Streptomyces cinnamonensis*. It operates by disrupting ion transport across biological membranes, primarily by facilitating the exchange of sodium and potassium ions. This ionophore action alters the osmotic balance in target cells, leading to their destabilization and death, particularly in Gram-positive bacteria and certain protozoa.

Pefloxacin-d3 is a deuterated fluoroquinolone antibiotic, which is a synthetic derivative of pefloxacin utilized primarily for research purposes. This compound is chemically modified to include deuterium atoms, a stable isotope of hydrogen, thus offering unique properties essential for precise quantitative analysis in pharmacokinetic studies.

Nortopixantrone HCl (BBR 3438) is a novel 9-azacyclonopyrazole that shows antitumor activity in a human prostate cancer model.

Lumefantrine is an antimalarial compound with a mode of action that inhibits heme detoxification in Plasmodium parasites. It is used in combination with artemether for treating malaria.

Trombodipine (PCA-4230) is a platelet aggregation inhibitor with antithrombotic activity and protection against Listeria monocytogenes.

Antiviral agent 17, EC50 0.015 μM in human assay, effective against murine norovirus, may aid infectious/malignant disease research.

Curvularin is a secondary metabolite, which is derived from the fungal genus *Curvularia*. This compound is produced through the natural biosynthetic pathways of filamentous fungi, specifically isolated from strains such as *Curvularia lunata*. Curvularin exerts its biological activity primarily through modulation of microtubule dynamics, making it a significant subject of study in cell biology. It disrupts the polymerization processes, impacting the assembly and stability of microtubules, which are critical components of the cytoskeleton involved in cell division, intracellular transport, and structural integrity.

Cefmenoxime hydrochloride is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with action on bacterial cell wall synthesis and is used for treating gynecological and obstetric infections.

Kasugamycin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces kasugaensis. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of protein synthesis by interfering with the function of the 30S ribosomal subunit, ultimately preventing the growth and proliferation of sensitive organisms. In agricultural contexts, Kasugamycin is primarily utilized to control bacterial and fungal diseases in a variety of crops, including rice and fruit trees. It is particularly effective against Xanthomonas oryzae, which causes bacterial leaf blight in rice, and other pathogenic organisms detrimental to plant health. The application of Kasugamycin has been an important tool for integrated pest management programs focusing on sustainable agricultural practices. As a compound with a specific mode of activity, it helps to reduce the environmental impact typically associated with broader-spectrum antibiotics, while offering target-specific disease control. Its careful application supports the minimization of resistance development, ensuring continued efficacy in protecting crop yields.

Azidamfenicol inhibits ribosomal peptidyltransferase with a Ki of 22 µM. Azidamfenicol is a broad-spectrum chloramphenicol-like antibiotic.

Ceftibuten is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which is a beta-lactam class of antimicrobial agents derived from Acremonium, a genus of fungi. This product is synthesized to resist degradation by beta-lactamase enzymes, which are commonly produced by resistant bacteria, thereby maintaining its efficacy against a wide range of bacterial pathogens.

Sisomicin sulfate is a sulfate salt form of sisomicin with similar action and applications as sisomicin.

Cefazolin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that inhibits the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It is an effective cephalosporin antibiotic against both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Cefazolin is used in clinical isolates to inhibit the growth of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus, resistant microorganisms, and systemic inflammation. Some studies has shown good results to inhibit tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) production in cell culture.

Sancycline hydrochloride is a tetracycline antibiotic, which is derived from the natural fermentation process of Streptomyces bacteria. The mechanism of action involves the inhibition of protein synthesis by bindin directly to the 30S ribosomal subunit, thereby preventing the attachment of aminoacyl-tRNA to the A site of the ribosome. This action effectively halts the growth of bacteria by impeding protein production, making it bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal.

Carnidazole (ME-108) shows antiprotozoal activity and can be used in studies about the treatment of Trichomonas infection.