Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-(2-Methylpyridin-3-yl)ethanone is a ketone that can be synthesized using the reaction of methyl sulfone, benzyl sulfone, and sulphone. It has been shown to have anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis and has been used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). 1-(2-Methylpyridin-3-yl)ethanone has also been shown to have analgesic effects in mice. This synthetic compound may be useful in treating inflammation, pain, and fever.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-Ethyl-2-ethynylbenzene is an indene that can be synthesized by the reaction of 1-ethylbenzene with ethynylmagnesium bromide and trifluoroacetyl chloride. 1-Ethyl-2-ethynylbenzene reacts as a nucleophile with electrophiles, such as phenylsulfonyl and acetylene compounds, to form sulfones and acetylenes. It can also react with tetrafluoroborates to form indenes.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1,3-Diazaspiro[4.4]nonane-2,4-dione (1) is a new fungicide that was shown to have fungicidal activity in vitro against the grapevine pathogens Plasmopara viticola and Plasmopara obducens. This compound has been isolated from the plant Express erythroxylum coca (Erythroxylum coca). The compound belongs to the class of diaza spiro compounds and is a member of a family of diaza spiro compounds with antifungal activity. One possible mode of action for 1 is that it inhibits the synthesis of DNA by binding to bacterial DNA gyrase.

3-Acetylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione is an experimental drug that belongs to the class of metal hydroxides. It has been shown to have anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo against a variety of malignant tumors. 3-Acetylpyrrolidine-2,4-dione also inhibits the growth of pigweed and other plants by inhibiting the production of tenuazonic acid. This compound is a tautomeric form of tenuazonic acid, which is also known as 2,4-pentanedione. The carboxylate group on this molecule may be responsible for its herbicidal activity.

2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexafluorobutyric acid is a hydroxylated organic compound. It has been shown to be more chemically stable than other quaternary ammonium compounds. 2,2,3,3,4,4-Hexafluorobutyric acid is used as a polymerization initiator for the preparation of cationic polymers. This chemical can also be used to fragment proteins and nucleic acids in order to prepare samples for analysis by mass spectrometry. 2HFBA is reactive and can cause irritation on contact with the skin or eyes. It has been shown that this chemical may have an effect on body mass index and can bind to calcium ions.

(S)-(+)-1-Bromo-2-methylbutane is a chiral molecule with two stereoisomers, the cis and trans forms. The cis form has been observed to be the more stable of the two. It is a functional theory that these two forms are not mirror images of each other because they have different conformations. (S)-(+)-1-Bromo-2-methylbutane has been used in the synthesis of a number of important molecules. The stereoisomers can be distinguished by conformational analysis and optical microscopy. (S)-(+)-1-Bromo-2-methylbutane also has an application in biotechnology for use as a precursor for hydrazones, which are important in organic chemistry and molecular biology, such as DNA sequencing.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline is an activated, synthetic chemical that is used in the preparation of a variety of chemicals. 3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline can be prepared by the reaction of chloroacetic acid with nitrobenzene and hydrochloric acid. The compound may be purified by vacuum filtration and recrystallization from water. It is also a precursor to other chemicals that are used in the production of polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. 3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline has been found to react with amines and form the corresponding amides, which may be useful for chemical synthesis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-(4-Nitrophenoxy)propionic acid is a promiscuous compound that can be used to synthesize other compounds. It reacts with hydrochloric acid, nitro groups, and phosphorus pentoxide to produce nitro compounds. 3-(4-Nitrophenoxy)propionic acid reacts with benzoylamine in the presence of a cocatalyst to form alkoxycarbonyl products. The cocatalyst is typically a metal such as zinc or magnesium. 3-(4-Nitrophenoxy)propionic acid is also used as an agrochemical for controlling influenza virus and Influenzae bacteria.
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Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Chloro-9H-carbazole (2CzC) is a heterocyclic compound that belongs to the group of carbazoles. It can be used as medicine and has been shown to be a good control experiment for other carbazoles. The nucleophilicity of 2CzC is affected by the functional groups present in the molecule, and it has been shown to react with anions such as Cl-, Br-, or I-. This heterocycle also has two resonance forms, which are generated by the electron delocalization in the ring system. The gas phase kinetics of 2CzC have been found to follow an Arrhenius relationship, with k = 3.6x10^3 M^-1 s^-1 at 298 K. Yields for this compound have been found to be high, with 90% yield when synthesized from chloroacetone and phenylmagnesium bromide.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

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1-Hydroxycyclopentane-1-carbonitrile is a monomer that is hydrolyzed to form benzoin and cyanohydrins. It can be used in the production of scifinder as a monomer or dimerizer.

2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene is a chemical compound that has been synthesized in an asymmetric reaction. The reactant is bromopropane and the product is 2,2,2-trifluoropropene. The methylene group on the propene molecule is activated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluoride ion from hydrogen fluoride to form a cavity with a highly strained bond. The kinetic study of this reaction revealed that the activation energy for the reaction is 42 kJ/mol. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are catalyzed by palladium and require nonpolar solvents such as toluene or dichloromethane. This type of reaction has been shown to be exothermic with an isolated yield of 1%.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.