Building Blocks

Cabozantinib is a small molecule that is the first to target VEGFR-2, which is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in the development of fibrosis. Cabozantinib inhibits the activity of VEGFR-2 by binding to its ATP-binding site and blocking the phosphorylation of downstream signaling pathways. Cabozantinib has been shown to have antifibrotic properties in both preclinical and clinical models. The drug candidate has been shown to reduce kidney fibrosis in animal models. The standard dose for cabozantinib was found to be 5 mg/kg, with a maximum tolerated dose of 20 mg/kg. In vitro studies have indicated that cabozantinib binds with high affinity to the ATP-binding pocket of VEGFR-2, exhibiting competitive inhibition against other kinases such as PDGFR-beta and cKit, as well as diaryliodonium (a specific inhibitor). Caboz

2,4,6-Triphenylpyridine is an aromatic heterocycle with a benzyl group and trifluoroacetic acid at the 2-, 4-, and 6-positions. It is a colorless solid that has a melting point of 183 °C. In the gas phase, it exists as three anion radicals (2-, 4-, and 6-). These radicals are responsible for its optical properties. The 2-anion radical has a blue emission spectrum while the 4- and 6-anion radicals have red emission spectra. 2,4,6-Triphenylpyridine can be used as an indicator for trifluoroacetic acid or benzonitrile. It is soluble in primary alcohols such as methanol and ethanol at lower temperatures, but becomes insoluble at higher temperatures. 2,4,6-Triphenylpyridine also has functional theory applications due to its ability to

Diethyl Acetylphosphonate is a synthetic chemical that is used in the production of ethyl esters, which are used as intermediates for the production of epoxides. It has shown to be a bidentate ligand and reacts with primary amines. Diethyl Acetylphosphonate can be made by reacting phosphorus pentachloride with ethyl acetate and hydrochloric acid. The reaction mechanism is similar to that of other organophosphorus compounds, in which a phosphine oxide intermediate reacts with an organic halide. Diethyl Acetylphosphonate has shown to be effective in detergent compositions and triethyl orthoformate, as well as alkanoic acid.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

ABX464 is a monoclonal antibody that targets bacterial translocation. It has been shown to have clinical efficacy in preventing the recurrence of inflammatory bowel disease. ABX464 binds to the M2 phenotype of macrophages and blocks the binding of chemoattractant protein to its receptor, leading to decreased inflammation and less bacterial translocation. It also prevents HIV infection by blocking viral attachment to CD4 cells and inhibiting HIV-1 replication.

MW 20,000 - 30,000

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4-(2-Bromoethyl)morpholine hydrobromide is a solvent that is used as an agent in the production of other chemicals. It is a colorless, crystalline solid with a constant melting point of 130 to 131 degrees Celsius. 4-(2-Bromoethyl)morpholine hydrobromide is soluble in acetone, ethanol, ether, and water. This chemical has been shown to be toxic and should be handled with care.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2,3-Dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine is an alkaloid compound that has various applications in research and chemical studies. It has been found to interact with dopamine receptors and exhibit photothermal properties. This compound has been studied in the context of G. lucidum (also known as Reishi mushroom) and its potential therapeutic effects. Additionally, it has shown interactions with quinpirole, lithium, ergovaline, efrotomycin, and other compounds. The photocatalytic and fatty acid properties of 2,3-Dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,2-c]pyridine make it a versatile compound for various research purposes.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

CASIN is a lysine-derived antimicrobial agent that inhibits the growth of bacteria by binding to the peptide chains of collagen, which are found in skin and mucous membranes. CASIN has been shown to inhibit the growth of many bacterial species, including those that are resistant to other antibiotics. CASIN can be used for the treatment of infectious diseases caused by bacteria, such as bacterial vaginosis or chlamydia. CASIN has also been shown to reduce body mass index in animal models. The mechanism of action is not known but may involve interference with an enzyme that controls the biosynthesis of fatty acids. The use of CASIN in humans is limited due to its toxicity on human cells and potential safety concerns.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Monomethyl glutarate is a monomer for the synthesis of polymers. It has been used in the past as a precursor for the production of polyacrylic acid and its copolymers. Monomethyl glutarate is synthesized by the reaction of hydrochloric acid, high salt, and an expression plasmid containing glutarate dehydrogenase. This compound is also used as a reagent in kinetic studies of fatty acids and glutaric acid. Monomethyl glutarate is an acidic compound with a pKa value of 3.5 at 25°C. It is rapidly hydrolyzed in water to form monomethyl glutarate acid, which has a pKa value of 2.4 at 25°C. Monomethyl glutarate can be ingested orally or applied topically due to its low energy requirements for hydrolysis in water.

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2,2'-Dithiodianiline is a redox-active molecule with a redox potential of -0.08 V. It has been shown to inhibit the polymerase chain reaction by binding to DNA and inhibiting the enzyme DNA polymerase. 2,2'-Dithiodianiline is a potent inhibitor of bacterial growth in vitro, and has been shown to be cytotoxic in vivo. 2,2'-Dithiodianiline inhibits the growth of resistant mutants that are resistant to other antibiotics such as penicillin and ampicillin. This compound binds to molybdenum at an optimum concentration of 0.5 mM and coordinates through electrostatic interactions with the molybdenum atom. Structural analysis reveals that 2,2'-dithiodianiline forms hydrogen bonds with adenine residues in DNA and interacts with guanine residues in RNA through π-π stacking interactions. This interaction prevents transcription by blocking the binding

1H,1H,7H-Dodecafluoroheptanol is a perfluorinated compound. It has been shown to be an efficient scavenger of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and to have a protective effect on collagen. The reaction mechanism of 1H,1H,7H-dodecafluoroheptanol is not fully understood. However, it has been shown that the chloride ion plays a key role in the formation of this product from 1H,1H,7F-dodecafluoroheptane. The reaction vessel used in this synthesis is critical because it must be anhydrous to prevent the formation of 1HF3OCl. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy has been used to study the chemical structures of this compound.

Used in the preparation of metal-diene reagents (e.g. for carbocyclization)

Isocytosine is a prodrug that has been synthesized with the intramolecular hydrogen on the nitrogen atoms, which makes it more chemically stable. Isocytosine is a reactive molecule, and can react with tautomers to form isocytosine derivatives. Isocytosine contains three hydrogen atoms that are transferable through reactions to other molecules. The chemical stability of isocytosine allows for its use in wastewater treatment. It also has metabolic effects, such as the inhibition of colorectal adenocarcinoma and metabolic disorders. Isocytosine can be used as a model system for studying transfer reactions and reaction mechanisms.

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aliphatic diol.  It has been shown to have an inhibitory effect on bacterial growth

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2,2-Paracyclophane is a high-sensitivity c-reactive protein (hsCRP) that has been isolated from the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. This compound has shown to have anti-cancer properties in animal studies. 2,2-Paracyclophane binds to fatty acids and is soluble in water, which may be due to its hydrogen bonding with the hydroxyl group at C1. The crystal structure of this compound reveals that it has a cyclohexane ring and two fatty acids. The thermal expansion coefficient of this molecule is also high, which suggests that it may be suitable for use as a solid lubricant.

4-Bromopyridine HCl is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C6H5BrN. It is an aromatic heterocycle and is used in organic synthesis as a coupling partner in cross-coupling reactions. The bromine atom of 4-bromopyridine is replaced by chloride, resulting in 4-chloropyridine. The chlorination reaction can be conducted using either hydrochloric acid or thionyl chloride. This process can be done on an industrial scale and the chlorinated product has been used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and pesticides. The reaction mechanism for this substitution reaction involves a nucleophilic attack by chlorine on the pyridine ring at carbon atom 2 followed by displacement of hydrogen from the adjacent position on nitrogen atom 3. Acylation reactions are oxidation processes that involve conversion of carboxylic acids to acyl halides or acyl chlorides through treatment with acidified halogenating agents such

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

1-(But-3-yn-1-yl)piperidine is a chiral compound that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin. It has been shown to be an effective inhibitor of the serotonin transporter and to cause an increase in extracellular serotonin levels. 1-(But-3-yn-1-yl)piperidine also has affinity for the dopamine transporter, which may account for its antidepressant effects.

2-Methyl-5-nitrobenzaldehyde is a nitro compound that is used in the synthesis of dobutamine. It has been shown to undergo rearrangements, with the formation of 2-methyl-5-nitrophenol. Kinetic studies have shown that chlorine can be substituted for hydrogen at the 2 position, and this substitution leads to an increase in reactivity. 2-methyl-5-nitrobenzaldehyde also reacts with dopamine to form a ketone. The hydroxy group on this molecule is nucleophilic and can attack electrophiles, making it useful as an active site for synthetic reactions. This compound is also pyrophoric, which means it will spontaneously ignite in air and burn until all its fuel is consumed.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Aminopyrrolidin-2-one hcl is an antibiotic that is used to treat tuberculosis. It inhibits the enzyme transacylase, which catalyses the conversion of L-lysine into L-pipecolic acid in bacteria. This antibiotic has been shown to be effective against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium complex. 3-Aminopyrrolidin-2-one hcl has a broad spectrum of activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, but it is not active against acid-fast bacteria.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Methoxythiophene-2-carbaldehyde is a ligand that has been shown to form a stable complex with potassium chloride. This compound is also reactive, and can be stabilized in the reaction vessel. In the presence of sulfate ions, 3-methoxythiophene-2-carbaldehyde will react to form a phosphotungstic acid precipitate. The dehydrated salt can be recrystallized by adding phosphotungstic acid, which stabilizes the product.

2-Bromo-5-fluoro-4-nitroaniline can be synthesized in a reaction system of ammonium chloride, hydrochloric acid, and water vapor. The reaction is carried out at a temperature of 190°C under reflux. The efficiency of this synthesis is high, and the chemical yield is about 90%.

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Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Bromo-4-chloroaniline is a chloroaniline compound. It is synthesized by reacting hexamethylenetetramine with chlorine gas in the presence of formaldehyde and paraformaldehyde. 3-Bromo-4-chloroaniline has been used to produce other compounds, such as trimethylchlorosilane, which is used in the production of silicone rubber. Chloroanilines are toxic chemicals that can be found in the environment and react with formaldehyde to produce carcinogenic substances called halofuginones.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

5-Bromo-2-iodopyridine is an antibiotic that is used to treat bacterial infections. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit. This drug also has a toxic effect on respiratory system cells, which may be due to its ability to induce apoptosis. 5-Bromo-2-iodopyridine interacts with DNA in a triazine ring and inhibits bacterial growth by inhibiting protein synthesis. The drug binds to the 50S ribosomal subunit at a site that is different from that of rifampin and other antibiotics. The reaction is catalyzed by palladium at high temperatures and takes place in organic solvents such as chloroform or benzene. This synthetic process can be made more efficient by using inexpensive starting materials, such as bromine, iodine, and acetone, rather than expensive starting materials like platinum or gold salts.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-(2-Azidoethoxy)acetic Acid is a hydrophobic antibacterial agent that can be used to inhibit bacterial growth by disrupting the cell membrane. It has been shown to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, which may be due to its ability to bind to the glutathione moiety in the bacterial cell membrane. 2-(2-Azidoethoxy)acetic Acid has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria in vitro. This compound is also able to cross the cell membrane, inhibiting bacterial replication in vivo.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Poly(dioxanone) is a biocompatible polymer that has been shown to promote bone growth in animal models. It is a cross-linking agent and can be used as an alternative to copper chromite, which is the most common cross-linking agent used in tissue engineering. Poly(dioxanone) has been shown to promote bone growth by stimulating the production of growth factors and increasing the activity of osteoblasts, cells that produce new bone. The material also promotes matrix deposition and remodeling, leading to increased bone density.

Tripropylphosphine is a fatty acid that can be synthesized by reacting tripropyl alcohol with phosphorus trichloride. Tripropylphosphine is soluble in organic solvents, and has an optical rotation of +58°. It has been shown to have cancer-inhibiting properties, as well as the ability to inhibit tumor growth and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. This compound may also be used as a growth regulator, since it inhibits the synthesis of certain proteins and enzymes.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-(4-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-amine is a synthetic compound that belongs to the class of organocatalysts. It is a serotonin receptor agonist, and has been shown to act as an antagonist at the 5HT2AR. This drug has been shown to have stereoselective effects in vitro, with high affinity for the S form of 5HT2AR. 2-(4-Methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethan-1-amine also has some activity against dopamine receptors, but not as much as other compounds in its class. !--[if !supportLists]-->· !--[endif]-->This drug binds to speciogynine and alstovenine receptors, which are part of the opioid system.!--[if !supportLists]-->· !--[endif]-->Modelling studies suggest that 2-(4-M

Versatile small molecule scaffold

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

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8-Chloro-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione is a reactive molecule that binds to the active site of bacterial cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterases and inhibits their activity. This inhibition prevents the breakdown of cAMP and cGMP, which are important second messengers in eukaryotic cells. 8-Chloro-3,7-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6-dione is also a potent inhibitor of protein synthesis and has been used in research studies on wheat leaves.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.

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