Building Blocks

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine (DAB) is an organic compound derived from benzidine. It is the precursor to the synthetic fibre polybenzimidazole (PBI), which have high thermal and oxidative stability properties. DAB is water-soluble as the tetrahydrochloride salt and is used in immunohistochemical staining of nucleic acids and proteins. Research in Alzheimer's disease, Aβ protein amyloid plaques are targeted by a primary antibody, and subsequently by a secondary antibody, which is conjugated with a peroxidase enzyme. This will bind DAB as a substrate and oxidize it, producing an easily observable brown colour. 3,3’-Diaminobenzidine is also available as the tetrahydrochloride salt and the tetrahydrochloride hydrate.

1,3-Benzenedialdehyde (1,3-BD) is a compound that is formed from the oxidation of benzene by copper chloride in a model system. It can be used as a substrate film to study covalent linkages. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique has been used to determine the stability of 1,3-BD in reaction solution. The EIS results show that 1,3-BD is stable and its complexes are relatively stable. This compound also reacts with malonic acid to form 1,2-benzenediol and 2-methylmalonic acid. The molecular structure of 1,3-BD has been determined using X-ray crystallography and it was found that nitrogen atoms are present on the molecule. Chemical reactions have not been observed with 1,3-BD when subjected to heat or light.

2-Benzoylbenzoic acid is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5CO2. It is a white solid that is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether. 2-Benzoylbenzoic acid is stable at room temperature, but decomposes when heated to above 200°C. This compound can be used as a catalyst for the synthesis of polymers.
2-Benzoylbenzoic acid is used as a raw material for the production of ferrocenecarboxylic acid and ethylene diamine. The activity index of 2-benzoylbenzoic acid was found to be high (0.7) when it was tested against Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus.

Tak-659 is an amide compound that inhibits the serine protease activity of a number of enzymes, including cathepsin B and L. Tak-659 has been shown to have inhibitory effects on inflammation in animal models by inhibiting the production of inflammatory cytokines. Tak-659 has also been shown to impair protein synthesis in gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The mechanism for this inhibition is not entirely clear but may be due to tak-659 binding to the ribosomal RNA near the peptidyl transferase center, blocking the entry of amino acids into the ribosome. Tak-659 binds with high affinity to adenosine receptors and has been shown to reduce levels of inflammatory cytokines in mouse tumor cells.