Building Blocks

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Hydroxy-N,N,3-trimethylbutanamide is a liquid at room temperature. It is an additive that can be used in the production of nitrocellulose and as a preservative for nitrate film. 3-Hydroxy-N,N,3-trimethylbutanamide decomposes on exposure to UV light to form nitric oxide. It is also used as a photoinitiator in the synthesis of polymers by free radical polymerization reactions. The liquid composition can be thermally treated to produce stable silver nanoparticles.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

JNJ 37822681 is a novel, potent, and selective small molecule inhibitor of the enzyme fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which is involved in the degradation of anandamide, a cannabinoid receptor ligand. The compound has been shown to be efficacious in animal models predictive of antipsychotic activity.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline is an activated, synthetic chemical that is used in the preparation of a variety of chemicals. 3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline can be prepared by the reaction of chloroacetic acid with nitrobenzene and hydrochloric acid. The compound may be purified by vacuum filtration and recrystallization from water. It is also a precursor to other chemicals that are used in the production of polyhalogenated aromatic compounds. 3-Chloro-4-iodoaniline has been found to react with amines and form the corresponding amides, which may be useful for chemical synthesis.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Piperazine-2-carboxamide is a synthetic drug that is used to treat tuberculosis. It binds to the mycolic acid of the bacterial cell wall, preventing it from forming an outer layer and disrupting its function. Piperazine-2-carboxamide also inhibits the synthesis of fatty acids and amines in bacteria, which are necessary for their survival. This drug can be synthesized by reacting piperazine with formaldehyde and acetamide.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

N-(3-Cyanophenyl)acetamide is a hydrogen-bonding molecule that has been detected in the gas phase. It has also been observed to interact with water, forming hydrogen bonding interactions and solvatochromism. The equilibrium of N-(3-cyanophenyl)acetamide can be shifted by changing the solvent conditions and pH. This molecule has three conformations when it is in the gaseous phase, including a planar conformation. In addition, N-(3-cyanophenyl)acetamide can be used as a probe for determining hydrogen bonding interactions and conformations due to its ability to form hydrogen bonds with other molecules.

Cyclopentyloxybenzene is a bidentate ligand that binds to the active site of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, inhibiting the enzyme's ability to break down cyclic AMP. Cyclopentyloxybenzene also has an antioxidant effect, which may be due to its ability to prevent the production of reactive oxygen species. This compound emits light when it reacts with deuterium atoms. When deuterated, cyclopentyloxybenzene does not react as quickly and has a higher yield than non-deuterated compounds. It also has transport properties that make it ideal for reactions in organic solvents. The reaction time is slower than other bidentate ligands, but the energy efficiency is greater due to the reduced activation energy required for chemical reactions.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

3-Iododibenzofuran is a fluorescent compound that has been used as a probe for the study of neutral endopeptidase activity. The compound is characterized by a high degree of thermal stability and an inhibitory potency at pH 7.0 that is approximately 3 orders of magnitude greater than that of the active site inhibitor, anthracene. 3-Iododibenzofuran can be synthesized using chemoenzymatic methods, with efficiencies and profiles that are similar to those obtained in the conventional method. This probe can also be used to investigate the functional role of proteins in living cells or tissues.
3-Iodobenzofuran has been shown to have pressor effects in rats and can cause tetrazole (a type of explosive) to detonate when heated, which makes it unsuitable for use in devices such as explosives or pyrotechnics.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

2-Methylbenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde is a divalent hydrocarbon that has an oxidation catalyst. This compound is used as an intermediate in the production of drugs and pharmaceuticals. It has been shown to have cardiovascular disorders, such as vasodilatation and hypotension. The mechanism of action is not fully understood but may be related to its ability to act as a nitrovasodilator by increasing nitric oxide (NO) release. 2-Methylbenzene-1,3-dicarbaldehyde also produces psychotic disorders when long term exposure occurs. This compound has been shown to have neurotoxic effects in animal models with long term exposure.

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Versatile small molecule scaffold

Azacycloundecane is a cycloalkane that is used as a solvent. The use of this compound in vivo models has been demonstrated to be useful in the study of drug uptake and distribution, as well as having clinical applications. Azacycloundecane is often used in detergent compositions due to its ability to solubilize fatty acids and inhibit their oxidation. This chemical has also been shown to have low energy, which makes it a suitable candidate for use in osmosis experiments. Azacycloundecane does not react with hydrogen chloride or carbonyl groups. It can be found naturally in fatty acids, amines, benzofuran derivatives, and aliphatic hydrocarbons.

2-Bromo-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propene is a chemical compound that has been synthesized in an asymmetric reaction. The reactant is bromopropane and the product is 2,2,2-trifluoropropene. The methylene group on the propene molecule is activated by the nucleophilic attack of a fluoride ion from hydrogen fluoride to form a cavity with a highly strained bond. The kinetic study of this reaction revealed that the activation energy for the reaction is 42 kJ/mol. Palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions are catalyzed by palladium and require nonpolar solvents such as toluene or dichloromethane. This type of reaction has been shown to be exothermic with an isolated yield of 1%.

3-Hydroxy-5-methylpyridine (3HMP) is a chemical substance that has been classified as an amine. It is a product of the metabolism of purines, which are nitrogenous bases found in DNA and RNA. 3HMP is produced by aerogenic bacteria (such as Enterobacter), and can be used to estimate the number of these bacteria present in water samples. 3HMP has been shown to have antiviral properties against influenza virus, and can be used as a biomarker for the presence of other viruses in animals. 3HMP also has mineralization properties, which have been studied extensively, particularly with regards to pancreatic disease.

4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione is a carbonyl compound that is the product of the oxidation of ascorbic acid. It is used in wastewater treatment and has antimicrobial properties against infectious diseases. This compound has been shown to inhibit protein synthesis by binding to the ribosome and preventing the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione has also been shown to bind to plasma proteins, which may be due to its acyl chain structure. 4,5-Dihydroxy-2,3-pentanedione can be synthesized in a catalytic mechanism that involves dehydroascorbic acid and molecular oxygen.

Piperyline is an alkanoic acid that has shown to be effective against skin cancer. It also has antimicrobial properties, which may be due to its ability to bind metal ions and form polymeric compounds. Piperyline inhibits microbial growth by inhibiting the synthesis of proteins and nucleic acids. The antimicrobial activity is related to its cationic polymerization with hydroxyl groups, which forms a structure that can inhibit microbial enzymes and disrupt microbial cell membranes. This compound also interacts with the skin's natural lipids, making it difficult for microorganisms to attach and grow on the skin. Piperyline is synthesized in organic chemistry laboratories as an amide precursor of other pharmaceuticals such as penicillin.