Steroli

Coumestrol-9-methyl ether is a synthetic estrogen analogue, which is derived from coumestrol, a naturally occurring phytoestrogen found in various plant sources such as soybeans and clover. This compound is synthesized through chemical modification to enhance its stability and bioactivity, differing from its naturally occurring counterpart by the addition of a methyl group.

Bufalin is a bufadienolide compound, which is a type of steroid derived primarily from toad venom, specifically from the skin and parotid venom glands of the toad species Bufo gargarizans. Its mode of action involves the inhibition of Na+/K+-ATPase, an enzyme critical for maintaining the electrochemical gradient across cell membranes. By disrupting this gradient, Bufalin affects cellular ion homeostasis and induces apoptosis in various cancer cell lines.

Equilenin is a steroidal estrogen, which is a type of naturally occurring hormone. It is derived primarily from the urine of pregnant mares and belongs to the class of conjugated equine estrogens. In terms of its mode of action, equilenin functions by binding to estrogen receptors in various tissues, thereby modulating gene expression and influencing cellular activity. This interaction supports the management of estrogen deficiencies in postmenopausal women and can influence the regulation of certain metabolic processes.

Protodioscin is a steroidal saponin, which is a naturally occurring glycoside. It is predominantly sourced from the plant Tribulus terrestris but can also be found in other medicinal plants such as Dioscorea species. The mode of action of protodioscin involves its ability to influence the levels of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and other hormones, potentially affecting physiological functions related to vitality and performance.

<p>Saponins are naturally occurring glycosides, which are compounds sourced primarily from various plant species, including legumes, herbs, and certain vegetables. These compounds are characterized by their unique structure, comprising a hydrophobic aglycone linked to hydrophilic sugar moieties. This dual nature endows saponins with surfactant-like properties, allowing them to interact with both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules.</p>

Composed of Lanosterol (~65%), dihydrolanosterol, agnosterol,dihydroagnosterol.Extracted from wool.

Coumestrol is a phytoestrogen compound, which is a naturally occurring compound found in a variety of plants, such as soybeans, clover, and alfalfa. It is derived from the metabolic processes within these plants. Coumestrol exhibits estrogenic activity, acting as an agonist for estrogen receptors. This biological activity enables coumestrol to mimic the action of endogenous estrogens, thereby influencing estrogen-responsive pathways.

<p>Phytoestrogen with anti-cancer properties</p>

Gracillin is a steroidal saponin, which is a bioactive compound derived from the plant genus Dioscorea. This natural product is characterized by its complex glycoside structure, where a sugar moiety is attached to a steroid-like aglycone. The mode of action of Gracillin involves its interaction with cellular membranes, leading to increased cell membrane permeability. This action is thought to disrupt normal cellular functions, making it a compound of interest for studying membrane dynamics.

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Pabulenol is an innovative biopolymer, which is synthesized from renewable plant-based resources through advanced biotechnological methods involving enzymatic polymerization. With its unique molecular structure, Pabulenol exhibits specific mode of action by facilitating biodegradation under ambient conditions, catalyzed by naturally occurring microbes. The polymer’s intrinsic ability to break down into non-toxic byproducts makes it an exceptional choice for sustainable environmental applications.

7-Dehydrostigmasterol is a phytosterol, which is a type of steroid alcohol derived from plant sources, particularly within the metabolic pathway of various sterols. This compound acts as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of other phytosterols, functioning within key enzymatic conversion processes that are part of the larger sterol metabolic network.

Pseudoprotodioscin is a bioactive saponin compound, which is primarily derived from various plant sources, including members of the genus Tribulus. The compound is part of a larger family of steroidal saponins known for their diverse biological activities. Its mode of action includes influencing cellular pathways through modulation of enzyme activity and interaction with steroid hormone receptors, contributing to its bioactivity.

<p>Betamethasone enol aldehyde Z isomer is a synthetic corticosteroid, which is derived from modifications of the naturally occurring glucocorticoid, cortisol. Its structure has been altered to enhance anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive potency. As a Z isomer, it exhibits specific stereochemistry, potentially affecting its pharmacokinetics and interactions at the molecular level.</p>

<p>Estradiol is a synthetic or naturally occurring form of estrogen, predominantly sourced from ovarian secretions in females. It performs its mode of action by binding to estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ, subsequently regulating gene expression and modulating various biological processes including reproductive system development, bone density maintenance, and cardiovascular function.</p>

Lanosterol - 90% is a sterol compound, which is a biochemical precursor to steroids. It is derived from various animal and plant sources, typically synthesized through the enzymatic conversion of squalene. Lanosterol functions through a significant role in the biosynthetic pathway of cholesterol and other essential sterols. This involves the cyclization process, where lanosterol is metabolized into cholesterol through a series of reactions catalyzed by specific enzymes.

Plant hormone

<p>Halcinonide is a potent topical corticosteroid, which is a synthetically derived compound from hydrocortisone. It operates by penetrating the cell membranes and binding to cytoplasmic receptors, leading to a subsequent translocation to the nucleus where it modulates genetic expression. This action results in diminished synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thereby exerting strong anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, and vasoconstrictive effects.</p>

8'-Hydroxyformononetin is a phytoestrogen compound, which is derived from plant sources, particularly from legumes, including red clover and soy. As a naturally occurring isoflavone, it falls within the class of flavonoids, a group of polyphenolic compounds with varied biological activities. Its mode of action primarily involves binding to estrogen receptors, where it can mimic or modulate the action of estrogen in the body. This interaction can result in either estrogenic or anti-estrogenic effects, depending on the presence of endogenous estrogen and other factors within the target tissues.

<p>24-epi-Castasterone is a brassinosteroid, which is a class of plant steroids, often extracted from various plant tissues synthesized in small quantities. This compound is primarily derived from plant sources such as seeds, pollen, and young vegetative tissues. It functions by binding to specific receptor kinases on plant cell membranes, thereby initiating a cascade of intracellular signaling that regulates gene expression. These pathways are crucial for the modulation of plant growth and development processes.</p>